HARVARD INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION RESEARCH AND ADVANCED STUDIES (HAJIRAS)
VOL.20 NO.2 MARCH, 2023 EDITION.
Published by:
HARVARD RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL,
Africa (Nigeria) Contact;
Centre for African Development Studies, Federal Ministry of Education, Abuja,
Abuja, FCT-Nigeria.
Email: harvardnigeriapublications@gmail.com
Copyright © 2023 Harvard Research and Publications International
EFFECTS OF GROUNDNUT HUSK ASH ON ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF EXPANSIVE CLAY SOIL
1LAGASI JOSEPH ELMA, 2ULOKO JOSIAH ONU AND 2OLAMOJU RABIU OLAYEMI
1Department of Civil Engineering Technology, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. 2Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Economical utilization of Agricultural waste for beneficial engineering purposes has in recent times has been used by researchers. This research attempts to explore the potentials of Groundnut Husk Ask (GHA) for the improvement of expansive clay soil. The GHA was added at various percentages. The natural soil showed that it belongs to A-7-6 group and Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). Soils under these groups are poor in terms of engineering requirements for construction of barrier systems. The laboratory results the Unconfirmed Compressive Strength (UCS) of the natural soil was 163 kN/m2, while the UCS at optimum GHA content of 9%, gave values of 315 kN/m2, for British Standard Light (BSL), West African Standard (WAS) 355 kN/m2 and British Standard Heavy (BSH) 641 kN/m2 compaction efforts. BSH compaction effort resulted in the highest UCS Values. The hydraulic conductivity of the natural soil was 7.78 x 10-9m/s while minimum values for the treated condition at 9% GHA were 5.61 x10-9 m/s, 4.90 x 10-9 m/s and 3.90 x 10-9 m/s corresponding to BSL, WAS and BHS compaction efforts respectively. These values fell short of the requirement of 1.0 x 10-9 m/s for clay liners therefore, it can use as a lining material for erosion channel embankment.
Keywords: Hydraulic Conductivity, Groundnut Husk Ash (GHA), Compaction, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS).
EXPLORATORY REVIEW OF TEMPERAMENT PREDICTION TECHNIQUES IN APPLIED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
AMANNAH, CONSTANCE IZUCHUKWU; AND OFUALAGBA MAMUYOVWI HELEN
Department of Computer Science, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract
Temperament and personality trait is an important factor in the interpersonal relationship as organizations require it for the effective performance of the personnel who will have to engage and interact with others within and outside the organization. The aim of the study was to review temperament prediction techniques in applied artificial intelligence (AI). The objectives of the study were to; identify temperament prediction techniques AI, compare the temperament prediction technique in AI, and recommend the efficient and effective temperament prediction technique in AI. This paper therefore reviewed seven temperament prediction models; logistic regression algorithm, TF-IDF machine learning algorithm, binary-partitioning transformer (BPT), text using naive Bayes, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, neural network model, a multilevel predictive model, and machine learning approach. The study adopted the exploratory review method which described a research conducted to address an issue that is not yet well understood. The study recommends the artificial neural network model because it proves to be more reliable as it has a higher prediction accuracy compared to other models reviewed.
Keywords: Temperament, Prediction, Techniques, Applied, Artificial Intelligence
WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF PEARL MILLET VARIETIES (PENNISTEUM GLAUCUM L WALP) IN SAHELIAN SAVANNA OF NIGERIA
J A, BASSI*, S, BUKAR**
*Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri – Nigeria. **Department of Agronomy and Soil Science Bono State University Nigeria.
Abstract
An experiment was conducted 2015 cropping seasons in the North Eastern Nigeria to examined water use efficiency of pearl millet varieties. The crops were grown on a sandy loam soil in spatial arrangement typical of husbandry practices of the region. The soil is characterized by rapid drainage and low water holding capacity. The results showed that pearl millet plant ,single leaf area, number of tillers, per plant were higher for SOSAT-C-88 than ZATIP or LACRI-9702-1C. Panicle diameter, panicle weight, grain yield per ha and straw yield were higher for SOSAT-C-88 than the other varieties. Results indicated that SOSAT-C-88 increase water use rate over LACRI-9702-IC and ZATIP variety as transpiration by this variety may be substituting for soil evaporation. Root zone water storage of was sufficient to maintain a long duration variety ZATIP that was able to make use of water that otherwise would have been lost to drainage during the dry season. As they was no evidence of water stress up to pearl millet harvest. SOSAT-C-88 variety increased the efficiency of utilization of soil water and produced higher growth and yield components. It is concluded that water supply may not be the most limiting constraints on crop production in such conditions.
Keywords: Pearl millet variety, water, soil depth, soil profile
SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF DRY SEASON MAIZE FARMING IN PARTS OF NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
MOHAMMED, ABUBKAR SABA; DR. EMIGILATI, M. A.; PROF. T. I. YAHAYA
Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
The study analyzed the socio-economic impacts of dry season maize farming in parts of Niger State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires administered to one hundred and twenty respondents, who were selected by purposive, and simple random sampling techniques. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ordinary least square, Likert type scale, gross margin and exploratory factor analysis. The results showed that majority (76.7%) of the respondents were male, with most (78.3%) of household size ranging from 1 to 5 and majority (44.2%) between the ages of 31 and 50. About 62.5% were married and 45.9% attended secondary school. Majority (58.3%) of the irrigation maize farmers make use of both hired and family labor. More than half (51.7%) of the respondents rent land for production and most (57.5%) of the farmers either bought seed from market or used previously harvested seeds. Majority (65.0%) of the maize producers had annual income between N81, 000 and N120, 000, while most of them (88%) had farming experience less than 10 years. The result of the existing practices that could enhance maize sustainability showed that from the farmer’s perspective adequate fertilizer use and pest and disease control were the most important practice for maize irrigation farming as they recorded the highest mean score of 4.13 and 3.66 respectively, with the least been use of irrigation (1.32). The net farm income showed an increased profit for the maize farms that cultivated one hectare using hybrid maize and recommended fertilizer rate, although they incurred more production cost (N140, 517), they made a profit of N125, 083, with return on investment of N1.89. The result of the irrigation maize production analyzed using
sustainability index showed a percentage of only 51%. The explanatory variables such as planting hybrid maize, amount of fertilizer used, amount of pesticides used and number of ha planted were the major determinants of profitability (p<0.01). In addition, seed rate, amount of labor used, amount of herbicide & household size (p<0.05) and early planting & use of animal manure (p<0.10) were also positively related to profit. The null hypothesis was rejected. Finally constraints mitigation and adaptation strategies in maize producers was analyzed using the exploratory factor analysis, the result categorized the most important constraint into 3 factors in the order: economic or cost factor, natural factors and social factor.
Keywords: Fertilizer, Seed Variety, Household, Farmers, Maize, Production.
ASSESSMENT OF PASSIVE SECURITY MEASURES IN A SPORT DEVELOPMENT CENTRE IN KADUNA, NIGERIA
ABDULSALAM MUBARAK; & PROF. OLAGUNJU REMI EBENEZER
Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria.
Abstract
A Sports Development Centre is a place where people can play or view different types of sports. The primal things are in play – courage, passion, perfidy, endeavor, fear, were grace and sometimes incredible gifts are made to pass before the viewers. The non-availability of a secured standard sports center to consistently train sports men and women is greatly affecting the promotion of sporting activities and recreational skills among the talented youths and individuals in the northern part of the country. Over the years there have been a global increase in terrorist attacks, the last few years, Nigeria as a country has its own fair share of terrorism attacks, ranging from kidnapping to terrorist attacks and most of these attacks are carried out by terrorist forcing their way through unsecured public centers, Thus, the effect of these attacks especially bomb blast attacks on buildings affects the overall safety of building occupants and other important structure. Hence the need for proper security measure in a public building such as a sport center with the use of crime prevention through environment control (CPTED). This problem has prevented the performance of sportsmen and sportswomen at both national and international events. Knowing the amount of talent that has gone to waste, the development of young talented athletes in a secured environment who needs a platform to build on so to be able to represent the nation on the biggest stages is the challenge been faced and, in a country, where security is increasingly becoming a threat all round. it is discovered that most public buildings mostly in the northern part of the country are not designed with some innovative security measures as to be adopted in such structures to safe guard it., therefore this research is embarked upon exploring different measure with the use of crime prevention through environment control that can be actualized in sport center, so as to reduce or counter terrorist’s attacks in sports center in northern part of the country, we will be adopting qualitative research approach, which entails participating, observing and also conducting interviews, the results of the findings will be incorporated as a serious measure in sport centers to enhance security against terrorism in public structures.
Keywords: Innovative, Environmental, Terrorist, Kidnapping, Terrorism
ASSESSING THE USE OF DIFFERENT DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR MULTISTOREY CARPARKS TOWARDS ADDRESSING DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES IN ABUJA METROPOLIS
TIJANI, I. A.; & LAWAL, L. A. T.
Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
The population growth of the world is continuously on the increase in which towns and cities have grown up around their public transport system. Economic activities generate traffic as a result of intensified use of urban space thereby increasing demand for parking accommodation. This has indeed created the need for the design and construction of multistorey car park to cater for the accommodation of large volume of cars within the limited spaces in city centres such as Abuja metropolis, in other to identify the most efficient parking designs for use by stakeholders. A qualitative case study method was adopted for this work. The findings of the study showed that the most used multistorey ramp designs in Abuja is the parallel, straight ramp design, due to its economical space utilization and lower cost of construction, even though the curve ramp design is known to be safer for drivers. The split-level floor system was found to be more space efficient and the most commonly constructed floor system compared to the sloping floor system. The results of the study suggest that for efficient space management a straight ramped type of multistorey car park, with parallel ramped design is therefore recommended. Although, further research will need to be conducted in other to know the most secured multistorey carpark design for driver safety.
Keywords: Multistorey car park, Space utilization, Ramp design, population growth.
EXPLORING THE PRINCIPLE OF BIOMORPHIC ARCHITECTURE TOWARDS ENHANCING USER’S COMFORT IN OFFICE BUILDING, ABUJA, NIGERIA
KOLO, S.* AND ADEMOLA, L. T.
Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger state, Nigeria
Abstract
Thermal comfort is a major concern in most tropical buildings. There has been an upsurge in energy consumption to achieve comfort in office building due to reliance on mechanical ventilation and cooling. This rise in energy usage may result to release of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere leading to ozone layer depletion (Akande, 2015). The new trends for eco-friendly design have raised biomorphic architectural principles as an option to overtake air-conditioned system. This paper explores the principles of biomorphic architecture in office buildings to ensures user’s thermal comfort and energy efficiency. A descriptive survey method was adopted with a structured observation schedule focusing on elements of biomorphic architecture. Data obtained were documented and analysed using Microsoft excel package. The result shows windows and glazed façade as the major source of openings used to ensure natural lighting and ventilation. Human inspired form and habitat inspired form were sparingly used as nature inspired form. Grasses, shrubs and indoor plant are vegetations used while fins and deep verandah were widely adopted. Fountain was the only water element adopted. There is need to incorporate adequately element of biomorphic architecture. Therefore, the study recommends; effectively used of building openings through the use of courtyard or ventilated atria to allows natural ventilation and lighting of the building; adequate vegetations and indoor plant to reduce heat gain, provision of water bodies as evaporative cooling element and adoption of biomorphic form to simulate natural environment. These will ensure desirable thermal comfort, energy efficiency while improving user’s productivity.
Keywords: Biomorphic architecture, Energy consumption, Thermal comfort, Energy efficiency, User’s productivity
ASSESSMENT OF HOUSING INTERVENTIONS OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES FOR EMPLOYEES OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS IN MINNA, NIGERIA
OLAGUNJU, REMI EMMANUEL; AND POPOOLA, N. I
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technolonogy, Minna
Abstract
This study assesses housing interventions of cooperative societies for employees of public institutions in Minna, Nigeria. The study focused on the institutional characteristics, strategies of housing interventions, rate of employee’s access to loan and level of satisfaction. Both primary and secondary data were used. Data were collected from 5 (five) Cooperative Societies across the 3 (three) public institutions in Minna, Nigeria and 341 (three hundred and forty-one) members of the selected Cooperative Societies. Relative importance index (RII), Likert scale, simple percentages and relative satisfaction index (RSI) were employed in analyzing the data collected. The study revealed that collective purchase of land and embarking on building construction, building materials acquisition, provision of specific loans for land purchase, and provision of special loans for renovation of existing buildings are the strategies more focused on while 59% of the employees have accessed housing interventions from the cooperative societies. Conclusively, the housing intervention of cooperative societies for employees of public institutions is considered to be good as the level of employees’ level of satisfaction with the loan benefit is based on a relative satisfaction index of 0.42 and 0.78. The study recommends that all cooperative societies of the public institutions in Minna can adopt collective purchase of land and embark on building construction, building materials acquisition, provision of specific loans for land purchase, and provision of special loans for renovation of existing buildings strategies to enhance the cooperative housing intervention while Government should strengthen and sustain the growth and capacity of Cooperative Societies in public institutions through National Housing Policy (NHP) so as to serve as a tool in meeting housing needs of employees with a reflection on goal 9, 11, 1 and 3 of the SDGs 2030.
Keywords: Housing, corporative societies, Employees, Public Institution
EVALUATION OF GULLY EROSION EFFECTS IN GIDAN WAYA, JEMA’A L.G.A OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
*DOGO SIMEON; **JOSEPH WILLIAMS ENAM; & **OLATAYO JAMES
*Geography Department, Kaduna State College of Education Gidan Waya, Kaduna, Nigeria. **General Studies Department, Federal School of Statistics Manchok
Abstract
The main purpose of the research is to examine the effects of gully erosion in Gidan Waya, Jema’a LGA of Kaduna State. The research seeks to: determine the extent to which gully erosion affects the environment in Gidan Waya, assess the natural and anthropogenic causes of gully erosion in Gidan Waya, determine the effect of gully erosion on the environment in Gidan Waya and proffer possible solutions to the problems of gully erosion in Gidan Waya. The study uses hundred numbers (100) questionnaires that were shared to respondents in the study area to obtained information regarding the effects of gully erosion in Gidan Waya. The data were analyzed through the use of descriptive statistical techniques and presented using percentage, tables, and figures. Finding reveals that that rainfall intensity intensifies erosion, vegetation Cover is absent, road construction without drainages, sand and tin Excavation is going on in the area and causes gully erosion in the area. The study concludes that the solutions to the problems of gully erosion in the area are afforestation, sand filling on mined site, construction of drainages by road side, construction of run-off pits and clearing of water channels. The study therefore recommends that the government and the locals should employ measures that will bring a continuous checking of the increasing problem of gully erosion in the area.
Keywords: Erosion, Gully Erosion, Gidan Waya, Rainfall, and Jema’a L.G.A.
CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND COUNSELLING STRATEGIES IN REDUCING SPOUSAL ABUSE IN ANAMBRA STATE
NWOBI NGOZIKA L.; UZOEKWE HELEN E.; NNADI GRACE C.; & MUOKWELU BLESSING U.
Abstract
This paper focused on the causes, consequences and counselling strategies in reducing spousal abuse in Anambra state. The study adopted a survey research design. Three research questions guided the study. A total of 160 guidance counsellors were used for the study. The whole population served as sample. Questionnaire titled ‘’ Causes, Consequences and Counselling Strategies in Reducing Spousal Abuse Questionnaire’’ were used in collecting the data. The questionnaire is made up of 33 items with reliability estimate of 0.88. On the sport administration was used while data collected was analyzed using arithmetic means. The findings indicated that; Witnessing violence in the family, Need to obtain power and control over others, Cultural norms amongst others cause spousal abuse. While the consequences include Transfer of abuse, Physical and mental effect, Suicidal thought amongst others. Then effective counselling strategies include; Family life education, Individual and Group counselling, Domestic abuse policy amongst others. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Family life education and Group counselling are very effective in reducing spousal abuse.
Keywords: Spouse, Forms of abuse, Violence, Counselling, Policy.
CLASS SIZE AS A CORRELATE OF TEACHERS’ PRODUCTIVITY AND TEACHER-STUDENT INTERACTION IN OYO METROPOLIS PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS, OYO STATE
ADENIRAN, Olugbade Solomon
Department of Curriculum and Instruction, School of Education, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo State.
Abstract
Over-crowded classrooms and poor teacher-student interactions are perennial features of Nigeria’s education system especially at the secondary and tertiary levels. These could have impacts on school effectiveness, teachers’ productivity and students’ performance. This paper examined the impact of class size on teacher’s productivity and teacher-student interaction in Oyo metropolis public secondary schools. The study adopted the descriptive survey design method with emphasis on correlation of variables. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide this study. The instrument used for the study was a self-designed questionnaire tagged “Class size, Teacher Productivity and Teacher-Student Interaction Questionnaire” (CSTPTSIQ). Data collected were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Descriptive Statistics Analysis. The internal consistency reliability was determined using Cronbach alpha which gave a value of 0.70 (r = 0.70). The results obtained indicated that large class size have negative impacts on teacher’s productivity and teacher-student interaction respectively (100%), as it leads to low level of discipline among the students and exerts more stress and pressure on the teacher, as well as being characterised by low student participation in the teaching-learning process. It was equally revealed that there is a significant relationship among class size, teacher’s productivity and teacher-student interaction (r = 0.56, p<0.05), (r = 0.63, p<0.05). On the basis of these findings, the paper recommends among others, that the recommended teacher-pupil ratio of 1:40 should be maintained in all public and private schools and that adequate number of qualified teachers should be employed to take care of the students in their various classes.
Keywords: Class size, Teachers’ productivity, Teacher-Student interaction, School effectiveness, Instructional delivery.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION THROUGH THE USE OF MOTHER TONGUE FOR CHILDREN EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN ATIBA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE
OLATUNJI, KEHINDE AJADI
Department of Yoruba, School of Secondary Education (Language Programmes), Emmanuel Alayande University of Education, Oyo
Abstract
Quality is the standard of something when compared to other things like it, while education has been regarded as an instrument of change that prepares individual for useful living in the society and his survival in a world of competition. There is need to examine the roles of mother tongue as a vehicle that sets the education and understanding of the children moving towards developing into a mature personality within and outside his environment. This study is to focus on possibility of using mother tongue as a medium of instruction for some subjects in our primary schools for better quality education. A 16 items questionnaire was administered on 100 teachers and 50 parents of selected primary schools in Atiba Local Government Area of Ovo State. The descriptive analysis of using simple percentage was employed to get results It was established from the findings that many of the children we dismiss as “dullards” might have been better academically had they been taught in the mother tongue right from the childhood stage. Therefore, it was recommended that for any qualitative primary education to take place in our country, indigenous language expertise should be trained in the skills of speaking and writing to teach pupils. Also. textbooks on various subjects can be translated into three major indigenous languages to be used as a medium of instruction for children educational development.
Keywords: Quality, Mother Tongue, Education, Children, Local Government and Development
STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND INTER ROW SPACING ON THE NUTRIENT QUALITY OF COLUMBUS GRASS (SOGHUM ALMUM PARODI) IN THE DRY SUB HUMID ZONE OF SOKOTO, NIGERIA
ASIFAT DAUDA ABIODUN1, MUSA MABU ISA2, ABUBAKAR YUSUF KAKAGIDA3, MOHAMMED SHU’AIBU SHINKAFI4
1The Glamour Academy Nursery and Primary School, Behind United Methodist High School Cele Area, Iwo Osun State. 2Desert Research Monitoring and Control Center, Yobe State University Damaturu, Nigeria. 3Agricultural Research Council Abuja, Nigeria. 4Directorate of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Zamfara State, Nigeria.
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the 2016 and 2017 rainy seasons at Center for Agricultural and Pastoral Research (CAPAR) of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and inter row spacing on the nutrient quality of Columbus grass. A factorial combination of five fertilizer levels (0, 100, 120, 140 and 160KgN/ha) and three inter-row spacing (30, 50 and 70 cm) were used, making fifteen treatment combinations, which were laid out in a RCBD replicated three times.. The result reveal that application of 120kg N ha-1 recorded higher CP, CF and EE, where higher (P < 0.05) CP values (P<005) for all the treatments as compared to 140 and 160KgN/ha which produced significantly (P<005) lower CP values. The inter-row spacing had significant (P < 0.05) effect on CP, CF and EE, where higher (P < 0.05) CP content was recorded from the wider spacing (70 cm) while the narrow spacing (30 cm) favored CF and EE values for the forage grass. Thus from the finding of this research it could be concluded that Sorghum almum adapted very well to Sokoto condition with good nutrient quality, application of 140-160kgNha-1 and inter row spacing of 70 cm gave better CP. Furthermore increase in nitrogen fertilizer is accompanied by the increase in nutrient quality of the Columbus grass.
Keywords: fertilizer levels, inter row spacing, treatments, forage grass, spacing and nutrient quality
ISLAMIC POLITICAL SYSTEM AS PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: LESSON TO NIGERIAN MUSLIM
MUHAMMAD MUJTABA ABDULKADIR (Ph.D); AUWAL GAMBO PALI; & GARBA ABUBAKAR UMAR
School of Arts and Social Sciences, A.D. Rufa’i College of Education, Legal and General Studies, Misau Bauchi State
Abstract
Nigeria is still struggling to become a great nation sixty years after independence our major problems includes among others poverty, unemployment, environmental pollution, absence of good governance and pancity of visionary leadership, the station which forced many Nigerians in to some sort of vices such as kidnapping, cultism, brigandage and what have you. All these were attributed to poor political system scholars have categorized political system of governance in to western, secular and Islamic. They also categorize governance in to good and bad. Today’s world political systems are suffering from a major vacuum of spirituality despite decades of its practice in Nigeria. This paper focuses on Nigeria political experiences, anti-Islamic Systems, explaining the barriers lundering successful governance and explaining the Islamic system as a solution to Nigerian underdevelopment.
Keywords: Political, Lesson, Sustainable Development, Muslim, System, Islamic
EXPOUSING THE DANGERS OF CANNED FOODS AND THE BEST POSSIBLE WAYS OF PRESERVING FOODS FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION IN NIGERIA: A PARADIGM SHIFT
*VEN EGESI JONATHAN. C.; **DR. (MRS) IKEAZOTA NWAMAKA N.F ***KEKE KYRIAN; *AGUGO U.A (MRS); & *(MRS) NWARU CHRISTIANA. C
*Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma, Oru–East. **(FMAN) ***(AIFCE), Owerri
Abstract
The prevalence of various diseases has become an issue of serious concern and worry. The fact remains that while some diseases contacted through the consumption of canned foods and beverages have names, some others do not have names, making it more difficult for doctors to treat them. It must be that before now, things were not like this as the foods that a typical Nigerian consumed was one basically one of our traditional delicacies. Since the dawn of the colonial masters invasion of our dear land accompanied by their food habits, our traditional foods have been sub merged leaving us with no trace of our traditional foods and habits. The traditional fufu, amala and tuwo masara got displaced and replaced by can foods and jumbos. One sad aspect of the whole thing is that these foods contains flavor and colour and chemicals too which prove harmful for human consumption. The above state is an issue of worry and form the basis for this study. Series of data collection techniques were adopted in gathering data for analysis and included interviews, sampling of opinions, questionnaire, journals, newspapers and the internet. The modernization theory was adopted for this study, thereafter, conclusion was drawn.
Keywords: Expousing, Danger, Canned Foods, Preservation, Nigeria, Human Consumption.
THE IMPACT OF TREASURY SINGLE ACCOUNT ON PUBLIC SERVICE IN NIGERIA
LAWAL AHMED OLASUNKANMI1, OGUNTUGA OLABISI A2, OLUWAJI, OLUWAMUYIWA OLUWATOBI3, IDRIS, EZEKIEL OMEIZA 4
1Department of Public Administration, The Gateway (ICT) Polytechnic, Saapade, Ogun State. 2Department of Banking and Finance, The Gateway (ICT) Polytechnic, Saapade, Ogun State. 3Department of Office Technology and Management, The Gateway (ICT) Polytechnic, Saapade, Ogun State. 4Department of Public Administration, The Gateway (ICT) Polytechnic, Saapade, Ogun State
Abstract
Treasury Single Account (TSA) was introduced into the Nigeria public accounting system and economic system to enhance financial prudence and accountability in the management of government funds and financial resources. The introduction of TSA by the Federal government is to fight against financial recklessness and block all financial leakages. This paper is set to examine the impact of TSA on service delivery of the Federal Fire Service Oyo State Office. This agency of government was specifically selected because of the emergency service it rendered to the public and how the policy of TSA affects its operation. The study adopted a survey type of research where questionnaire was used to elicit the necessary information from selected staff of the case study through an accidental sampling technique and Taro Yamane were used to select 146 respondents from the total population of 230 firefighters. 146 questionnaires was distributes while 140 were retrieved. Data were anaylsed using a descriptive statistical analysis method. The finding shows that treasury single account has improved accountability in the Nigerian public service and had also helped to militate against keeping government funds idle in various banks. The study concluded that treasury single account reduces embezzlement of government funds in the Nigerian public service. This study therefore recommended that the policy of TSA should be reviewed to accommodate government organisations that provide emergency public service to ease their operation because of the peculiarities of their services.
Keywords: Treasury Single Account, Public Service, Service Delivery, Performance, Accountability, Management