THEME: UNLOCKING SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN POTENTIALS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN TH3 21ST CENTURY: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
DATE: 31ST MARCH, 2022
VENUE: 1000 CAPACITY AUDITORIUM, NASARAWA STATE UNIVERSITY, KEFFI, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA, WEST-AFRICA.
ORGANIZERS: AFRICAN SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:
ASSESSMENT OF WORKERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS SAFETY AND HEALTH MEASURES ON BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SITES IN ABUJA
* TIRMISIYU, S. A.1, MOHAMMED, Y. D.2 AND SHITTU, A. A.3
1,2,3Department of Quantity Surveying, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Studies have shown that safer behaviour is reflected by a good attitude. In view of this, the study assessed workers’ attitudes towards safety and health measures on building construction sites in Abuja with a view to improving construction workers’ attitudes towards safety and health on construction sites. The study adopted a quantitative research approach with the use of structured questionnaire administered to 102 respondents with a response rate of 93%. The analysis of the data was carried out with the use of percentage, Mean Item Score (MIS) and Spearman rank correlations. The study identified 11 accidents peculiar to building construction sites in Abuja which often occurred (MIS = 3.88 – 4.35). Eleven (11) significant health and safety (H&S) measures required to improve construction workers’ attitude on site were identified of which the most significant ones range between safety policies (MIS = 4.20) and site responsibility for H&S (MIS = 3.50). The result of the Spearman’s rank correlation analysis shows a positive, fairly strong and significant relationship between workers’ knowledge and H&S standards on building construction sites (p = 0.03; r = 0.453). All the identified H&S standards are averagely or partially complied with at the various building construction sites. These range from “Lifting operations and lifting equipment regulations” (MIS = 2.70) to “First aid regulations” (MIS = 4.00). The average MIS is 3.52. It was, however, concluded that workers’ positive attitude on building construction sites towards H&S measures can help reduce the frequency of accidents on construction sites in Abuja. The major recommendation from the study was that construction workers should be well trained on accident preventive measures. Finally, site workers should develop a positive attitude towards H&S measures for improved compliance to H&S standards.
Keywords: Building, Construction Sites, Safety and Health Measures, Workers’ Attitude.
CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC LIVELIHOOD OF THE PEOPLE OF JENKWE, OBI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.
MOHAMMED ALKALI1, DAVID SARKINBAKA NELSON2 AND AYUBA ISAH ALHERI3
1Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi. 2Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi. 3Department of Geography, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Nasarawa State University, Keffi.
ABSTRACT
This study examined the causes and effects of deforestation on the socio-economic loverhood of the people of Jenkwe development area of Obi Local Government Area of Nasarawa State. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The study made use of primary data collected from the study area using structured questionnaire distributed among 150 respondents across sampled parts of the study area. The study also made use of secondary data collected from the Nasarawa State Ministry of Agriculture, Nasarawa State Ministry Land and Urban Development. The study made use of Microsoft Excel, and IBM SPSS Statistical package version 26 for the analysis of field data and to produce results on tables and charts. More so, the data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The result showed that agricultural activities related to population growth in the study area is the topmost cause of deforestation. The study further revealed that quite a number of the population are aware of the effects of deforestation and its impact in the area. Hypothetically, based on the result of the study, it can be inferred that there is a significant relationship between the effects of deforestation and the socio-economic life of the people; also, a significant difference in the occurrence of deforestation across of the study area. The study, therefore, inferred that the relationship between the effects of deforestation and the socio-economic livelihood of the people of Jenkwe development area, is significant; also that the occurrence of deforestation across the study Jenkwe development area is significant; and concluded that effects of deforestation on the socio-economic livelihood of the people of Jenkwe could be strongly attributed to the growing rate of agricultural expansion, wood extraction for domestic fuel or charcoal, and increasing built-up. The study recommends that environmental education should be accorded to the people of the study area on the dire consequences of deforestation on people and the society at large, also, farmers in the community should be trained in other alternative livelihood approaches.
Keywords: Deforestation, Forest, Socio-economic, Livelihood, Farming.
IMPACT OF INNOVATION ON PERFORMANCE OF SPECIALIST CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS IN KADUNA STATE
AYUBA, B. K.1; & TSADO A.J.2
1&2Department of Quantity Surveying, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the impact of innovation on the performance of specialist construction contractors (SCC) in Kaduna State. The study adopted a quantitative research approach. Data was thus collected with the use of a questionnaire survey. The population for the study comprises 28 specialist construction firms registered with the Federation of Construction Industry (FOCI) operating within Kaduna metropolis. Analysis of the data was undertaken with the use of frequency counts, percentages, and mean item score (MIS). The study revealed that intensified market competition and survival were the most significant drivers of innovation among specialist construction contractors in Kaduna state, with an MIS of 4.73 and 4.55, respectively. On average, all the drivers of innovation among specialist construction contractors are important (average MIS = 4.39). The most significant barriers to innovation among specialist construction contractors are the high cost of innovation (4.53) and a lack of understanding of the benefits of innovation (4.50): All the identified innovation among specialist construction contractors is moderate (average MIS = 3.87). Improvement of services (MIS = 4.69); and improvement of product quality (MIS = 4.62) are the most important benefits of innovation among specialist construction contractors. On average, all the identified benefits of innovation among specialist construction contractors are important (average MIS = 4.31). It was concluded that innovation, when adopted, has a positive impact on the performance of specialist construction contractors in Kaduna state. It was therefore recommended that Specialist contractors should make every effort to attend workshops and seminars that will educate them on new ideas, cutting-edge technologies, and how to apply them. The Nigerian government should also provide favorable policies that will enable specialist contractors’ firms to innovate.
Keywords: Impact, Innovation, Performance, Specialist Construction Contractors
BIOMETRIC APPROACH AS A MEANS OF PREVENTING IDENTITY THEFT
ALHAJI ADAMU ABDULLAHI1, SHITU ABDULLAHI LAME2 AND FATIMA ABUBAKAR MAIKUDI2
1,2&3Department of Computer Science, A.D. Rufa’i College of Education, Legal and General Studies Misau, Bauchi State.
Abstract
Biometric technologies have the potential to provide convincing evidence of who actually performs a given transaction, because each person’s biometric characteristics are thought to be unique and difficult to reproduce. Biometric technologies work by measuring and analysing human physiological or behavioural characteristics. Physiological characteristics are those associated with a part of the body. The fingerprint is probably the best known example; however, face and hand shape, and retina and iris patterns are also examples of physiological characteristics. This paper aims to briefly address some of the biometric technologies used how biometric systems work. Also a brief summary of identification process and identity life cycle management.
Keywords: Biometric, identity theft, authentication, identity life cycle.
PENSION FUNDS MANAGEMENT AND PAYMENT OF PENSIONERS BENEFIT IN NIGERIA
*AGUNUWA EKOKOTU VINCENT (Ph.D); & **JOHNSON-ITABITA patience (Ph.D)
*Department of Banking and Finance, School of Business Studies, Delta State Polytechinc, Otefe Oghara. **Department of Business Administration/Managemnt, School of Business Studies, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe Oghara
ABSTRACT
The focus of this study is on pension funds management and payment of pensioners benefits in Nigeria. The purpose is to determine the effect of pension funds management on the well-being of pensioners in Nigeria. The study covered the period of 1995 to 2020. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) statistical tool of analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The result indicates amongst others that benefits paid to pensioners have a significant positive relationship with the total assets of pension companies. While the mortality rate of pensioners have a negative significant impact on the total assets of pension fund companies in Nigeria. Similarly, the inflation rate in Nigeria also have a negative significant impact on the total assets of pension fund companies. On the basis of the above findings, the study recommends amongst others that the government should put in place polices to ensure that pension funds companies made the right and timely payment of benefits to pensioners.
Keywords: Pension funds, pensioner benefits, mortality rate, inflation rate, Ordinary Least Square.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MAIZE (Zea mays L) GROWTH AND YIELD PARAMETERS TO DIFFERENT SPACINGS IN BAUCHI STATE NIGERIA.
GAMBO, M1., HARUNA, Y1.,SHUGABA, Y.A1.,BUKAR, M.A2.,GAMBO, N1 AND A.A.MAHMUD1
1Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi. 2Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu.
ABSTRACT
A research was conducted at the Federal polytechnic Bauchi research farm to evaluate the effect of spacing on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L). Three different spacings were used in the experiment (75x20cm, 90x30cm and 70x30cm) tagged T1,T2 and T3 respectively. The treatments were replicated four times in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Results revealed that there was a significant effect between the treatments at (P =5%) in plant height where T1 recorded the highest plant height(191.1cm) at 45 days after planting (DAP).Treatment one (T1) had an increased number of days to 50% tasseling, silking and maturity ( 78,82, and 82 days) respectively. Leaf area was also recorded low(5732cm2 ) for T1 due to higher plant density which led to accelerated leaf senescence and increased shading of leaves that reduced the net assimilation of individual plants. T2 having the widest spacing produced significantly the highest weight of 39.3g for hundred seeds compared to lower values of 36.5g,37.5g for T1 and T3 respectively. However,T1 had the highest total grain yield (2416kgha-1).Therefore,T1 spacing is hereby found to be superior to other spacing. Further research can be undertaken to reaffirm this conclusion.
Keywords: Response,spacing ,growth, yield, parameters.
A STUDY OF THE NON-MEDICAL USE OF PHARMACEUTICAL DRUGS AMONG TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS IN SOUTH-EAST NIGERIA
SAMUEL O, ADEYEMO1,4, GBENGA M, OYINLOYE2, THEODORE MBATA(PHD)3
1Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. 2Department of Food Technology, Federal polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria 3Department of Biology/MicroBiology, Federal polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
Abstract
The prevalence of non-medical use of pharmaceutical drugs among students of tertiary institutions in Nigeria has generated an outcry by the populace and has become a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of non-medical use of pharmaceutical drugs among tertiary institutions students in Imo and Enugu states, Nigeria; describe the pattern of non-medical use of pharmaceutical drugs among the tertiary schools student population in the study areas, as well as examine the social-demographic factors that associate with drug use among the tertiary schools student population in the study areas. Cross-sectional study design and multi-stage sampling method were utilized among 309 study participants who gave informed consent/assent. Data were collected using facilitated, self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out at p<0.05. The mean age of our respondents was 25.29±6.07SD. The most used drug was codeine with 26.9% of the sample reporting lifetime use, while 18.8% and 13.6% reported codeine use in the past year and past month respectively. It was also shown that of the respondents who started using drugs, 6.1% are because they like the feeling. The study shows statistical differences according to sex, regardless of the age and living situation of the students.
Keywords Non-Medical use of Pharmaceutical drugs, Tertiary Institution Students, Prevalence
SOCIAL MEDIA AND INSECURITY CHALLENGES AMIDST COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN NIGERIA
1AHMED JELEEL ABIOYE, 2AJAYI JOHNSON K, 3POPOOLA EMMANUEL. K , 4OLAKUNLE M.K & 5EGBEDINA PETER .O
1-4Department of Public Administration. The Okeogun Polytechic, Saki, Oyo State, Nigeria. 5Department of Local Government Studies. The Okeogun Polytechic, Saki, Oyo State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Insecurity challenges has threatening oneness of the nation Amidst Covid-19 Pandemic and it has negatively affected Economic, education and political system. Among the issues, the EndSARS agitation by some acrimonious and organized youths who seek a reform in the Nigeria epileptic political system that is in undated with prejudice, tribalism, venality, brutality, glutton and divide and rule system. Also, the mass destruction of life and properties by unknown gunmen in some state capitals, coupled with the herdsmen/farmer crisis in some part of Nigerian states over land ownership, Bokoharam unrelenting adoption of school student in the North-east, the activism for self-determination by the indigenous people of Biafra in the south-east, the Oduduwa Republic agitation in the south-west and jail brake in many part of the states. The insecurity challenges have increased concern of poverty, pain sickness, suffering and death of the people and underdevelopment to the Nigerian state. It is to the ugly situation that this paper therefore examine the role of social media in the documentation and dissemination of insecurity in Nigeria amidst Covid-19 Pandemic. This work is anchored on social media theory and employed documentary source of data collection. The work concluded that social media platforms have distinctively assisted towards capturing and disseminating crucial information. The paper recommended that social media houses should be empowered and protected as that will increase confidence in the discharge of duty.
Keywords: Social Media, Insecurity, COVID-19 Pandemic, Kidnapping, Government.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MASS MEDIA IN AGRICULTURALEXTENSION AND DEVELOPMENT
*BELINDA ANYANWU; **GODWIN NATHANIEL UDOH
*Department Of Mass Communication, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna **Department of Mass Communication, Kaduna state university, Kaduna
ABSTRACT
Mass media will always be considered as an important element needed to effectively transfer technologies which are intended to foster production of agricultural produce. In a bid for farmers to profit from these innovations, there must be accessibility and effective education on the utilization and application in different farming systems or practices. Mass media are critical in disseminating useful information to aid the farmers make knowledgeable decisions in respect to agricultural activities. This paper classifies mass media as encompassing print, broadcast and the digital media. For a successful implementation of an agricultural development programme, the level and extent of the usage of the mass media is paramount. The Broadcast media, that is, Radio and Television is known asthe most effective medium of mass communication in disseminating knowledge and information to farmers. The paper states that the utilization of printed materials in disseminating information about agriculture is not appropriate for instructing farmers whose education are limited; moreso, information arranged to be circulated to a general audience might fall short of usefulness to every farmer across different communities. The studyconcludes that with the burning need for agricultural extension information and edcation by farmers, the mass media becomes even more necessary.
Keywords: Communication, Media, Agriculture, Development, Extension
CONSTRUCTION AND TESTING OF A LOCALLY MADE EGG INCUBATOR
OLAWEPO BABATUNDE BAMIDELE1, OSHAWO EUGENE IGBADUMHE1 AND AJAYI ASISHANA STANLEY2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, School of Engineering Technology. Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State. 2Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology, School of Engineering Technology. Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State.
An electrically powered egg incubator suitable for hatching fowl (chicken) eggs has been designed and fabricated using the available local materials to achieve efficient performance. The need to embark on this project arose as an effort to contribute in the production of more chicks for poultry farm. The incubator has the hatching capacity of 60 eggs (two crates of eggs). Factors affecting egg incubation include temperature, humidity, ventilation, heat and egg turning rate. These factors are necessary for efficient performance of the incubator. Temperature range of 35.0 – 40.0 oC is suitable, but controlled at 37.5oC by a thermostat. This temperature is close to the bird’s own temperature of 37.0 oC. Humidity was controlled in stages. It was maintained at 60% for the first 18days and raised to 70% for the remaining 3 days. Adequate ventilation is provided when the door of the incubator is opened daily, which also serves as the gateway for the escape of excess carbon (iv) oxide. Filament bulb was used as a source of heat to the incubation chamber.
EFFECT OF OIL SPILLAGE IN OCEANS
CHINELO GLORIA IKE
Department of Science Laboratory Technology (Microbiology Option), School of Applied Sciences, Federal Polytechnic Oko
ABSTRACT
An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially marine areas, due to human activity. Oil is the most common pollutant in the oceans. The fate of spilled oil depends on the oil properties and on environmental conditions. It is very important to recognize the dynamic nature of spilled oil because the properties of spilled oil can change over time. It is important to monitor the continuous changes in the properties of the spilled oil, as response strategies may have to be modified. Oil Properties crude or refined oils vary in their physical and chemical characteristics. These characteristics affect their volatility, toxicity, weathering rate and persistence. Oil spills have a devastating and long term impact on waterways and coastal areas around the world. Seabirds are frequently affected by offshore oil spills. Spills can severely harm turtle eggs and damage fish larvae, causing deformities. Shellfish and corals are particularly at risk since they cannot escape the runaway slick. Oil spills are also responsible for tainting algae, which perform a vital role in water ecosystems. Oil spills can be partially controlled by chemical dispersion, combustion, mechanical containment and adsorption. As the world advances technologically, unfortunately accidents do happen and spills reoccur more frequently than we would like. This paper focuses on the society to accept responsibility for repair of damage to environment through human intervention and carefully targeted cleanup activities.
Keywords: Oil spill, bioremediation, sorbents, booms, skimmers
A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES AND EFFECTS OF ABANDONMENT OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT IN NIGERIA
JAMBIL SUYUDI ZUBAIRU
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, School of Environmental Technology Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State Nigeria.
Abstract:
The predominant and frequent abandonment of construction project is alarming that it makes negative impacts to project construction sector, the owners, the built environment and the economy in general. The motivation behind this paper is to review some related literature and find out the different circumstances and the effects of abandoning construction projects in Nigeria and its consequences in the Nigerian economy with a view to propose a framework for addressing the problem. This paper used systematic review of related literatures to ascertain the circumstances/causes and effects of construction project abandonment. Forty five relevant articles were identified and fifteen were randomly selected, the sampled articles were reviewed and the following were identified as the key causes of construction project abandonment in Nigeria: inadequate project planning, insufficient fund by the client and the contractor, inflation, bankruptcy of contractors, variation of project scope, and political factor among other things. The effects include: disappointment of the populace/clients, low living standard, wastage of assets, decreased in employment opportunities, etc. Therefore, government, clients, contractors and consultants/professional were identified to have a significant contribution towards construction projects abandonment in Nigeria. Consequently, it was recommended that government, client and contractors/consultant should adhere strictly to their roles and responsibilities; so that the country (Nigeria) could have construction projects abandonment free cities.
Keywords: Abandonment, built environment, circumstances, emerging economy.
CAUSES OF DELAYS IN NIGERIA ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS: A CASE STUDY OF LAGOS-IBADAN EXPRESSWAY
TORIOLA-COKER O L1*, OMOKUNGBE O1, AYODELE-OJA S2, YEKINI A1, ALAKIJA T3,
1School of Engineering, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba Lagos. 2School of Environmental, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba Lagos. 3School of Science, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba Lagos.
Abstract
One of the most important sectors in infrastructure development in Nigeria is road construction. However, several roads construction projects in Nigeria suffer from prolonged delays. This has a negative effect on the success of road construction projects and causes damage such as recurring problems in the road construction industry in terms of schedule, cost, quality, safety and the amenity of road users. To identify the causes of delays, a modified questionnaire was designed from the extant literature by looking at the causes of delays in road construction projects along Lagos-Ibadan Expressway in Nigeria and in consultation with engineering experts with more than 10 years of experience on road construction projects. The main objective of the study is to determine the main causes of these delays and to offer possible solutions. A total of 17 causes of delay were identified as important in Nigeria road construction project. Questionnaire respondents included 27 Contractors, 23 Consultants, 16 Quantity Surveyor, 8 Architects and 20 Others from the construction industry making it 94 in total. The survey results indicate that the five top factors causing road construction delays are: Clients’ Financial difficulties; Cash Flow during construction; Political Influence; Government regulations; and Inclement or Bad weather.
Keywords: Causes of Delay; Road Construction Projects; Experts; Lagos-Ibadan Expressway; Nigeria
EXPLOITING THE BLESSINGS OF MULTILINGUALISM FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
*ODEKUNBI Sunday Kehinde; **SHITTU Morufu Adewale; & **OMOWON Aderonke Abiodun
*Department of English, School of Languages, The College of Education, Lanlate. **Department of General Studies in Education, School of Education, Oyo State College of Education, Lanlate
Abstract
It has been observed that several steps that have been taken by the successive governments in Nigeria to ensure that notable and commendable developments take place have not yielded the expected result. One of the major problems that Nigerian government in particular and Nigerians in general do not take cognizance of is the role that multilingualism plays in a nation’s development. This paper is thus out to contend that the benefits in multilingualism can be exploited for the development of Nigeria. This is achieved by considering multilingualism and other related concepts, the weaknesses in the issues raised for the use of English for the performance of major roles in Nigeria at the expense of the indigenous languages and indices for measuring development, before examining some areas of development in Nigeria to ascertain whether or not Nigeria is developing. It is then recommended, among others, that the Nigerian government should do her best to ensure that the language policies in the National Policy on Education and Nigerian Constitution are fully implemented and Nigerians should change their negative attitude towards the use of Nigerian indigenous languages.
Keywords: Multilingualism, national development, indigenous languages, Education, language of instruction
DEVELOPMENT OF A REINFORCEMENT LEARNING-BASED COOPERATIVE SPECTRUM SENSING SCHEME
1*FREDERICK OJIEMHENDE EHIAGWINA, 2OLUFEMI OLUSEYE KEHINDE, 3NURUDEEN AJIBOLA IROMINI, 4SUNDAY OMOKHOYA JOSEPH
1,2Electrical/Electronic Engineering Department, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria. 3Department of Computer Engineering, the Federal Polytechnic Offa, Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria. 4Mikano International Limited, Ogba, Ikeja, Lagos State.
Abstract
The IEEE 802.22 standard’s main objective is to identify vacant GSM band frequencies and utilize them for both rural and urban broad band wireless connections. The purpose of CR is to create and develop techniques for measuring and comparing secondary users’ spectrum usage using linear sensing of cooperative spectrum technique. The primary beneficiaries of cognitive radio networks are secondary users (SU). For cognitive radio, spectrum sensing is necessary. A simulation approach for spectrum sensing technologies was proposed to verify compliance with IEEE 802.22 standards. Numerous simulated scenarios were used to investigate single units (local sensing) and multiple SU’s as spectrographic sensing systems in this research (Cooperatively). The simulation was utilized to mimic the detection performance properly. These findings provide the groundwork for developing a local sensing method based on energy detection and cooperative sensing through machine learning for the GSM 900/1800 Frequency Bands. The simulation results demonstrate how a strategic interaction among SUs can be achieved.
Keywords: Bands, Cooperative spectrum sensing, CRN, Decision, GSM, Reinforcement learning, Spectrum
VECTORIAL CAPACITY OF COCKROACHES IN TRANSMITTING PARASITES OF MEDICAL IMPORTANCE IN HOSTELS OF WAZIRI UMARU FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, BIRNIN KEBBI, KEBBI STATE, NIGERIA.
1ATTAH, O. A., 2*IJAIYA, S. I., 1KASHARI, O. AND 1SUNDAY N.
1Department of Science Technology, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria. 2Department of Science Education, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to determine the capacity of cockroaches as vector of parasites of medical importance in hostels of Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic. 100 cockroaches identified as Periplaneta Americana were collected from different locations of the hostels using sweep net. These were examined for the presence of human parasites using standard parasitological techniques. The result revealed six parasites of medical importnance including Entamoeba histolytica (41.0%), Ascaris lumbricoides (29.0%), Entorobius vermicularis (16.50%), Schistosoma mansoni (8.50%), S. haematobium (2.61%) and Trichuris trichura (2.39%). There was significant difference (p<0.05) in the isolates between the stages of development of the cockroaches with more adult cockroaches (89.6%) harbouring parasites than the nymphs (34.8%). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) observed between the sexes. Cockroaches remain an important reservoir for infectious pathogens. Therefore control measures administered in the various hostels and the surrounding, and targeting especially the adult stages of the vectors will help to reduce the menace of the spread of parasitic pathogens in the study area.
Keywords: Cockroaches, Vectors, Parasites, Medical, Hostels
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC PATIENT CALLING SYSTEM FOR HOSPITAL
ALIYU BUBA DAHIRU1, KABIRU MUHAMMED HALIDU2, SILAS EDWIN NDUKU3
1,2,3Department of Computer Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Queue management is still a challenge for both customers and facility managers, especially in medical facilities, in both traditional and electronic-based queue systems. In a typical queue, patients are seated in chronological order before moving forward while early arrivals meet with doctors. When a patient leaves and wants to return to his previous position, the arrangement is generally upset. The electronic-based lines, on the other hand, use dedicated electronic technology to call patients but fail to account for those who are not there. While the problem of arranging patients in chronological order of arrival was solved with the introduction of electronic queue management systems, the issue of absent patients is still beyond current technology, even the most advanced system in which the patient calling system is linked to the patient database, which solves the physical file movement problem. The Enhanced Patient Calling System is a microcontroller-based queue management system that uses the slot-back model equation’ written onto Arduino Uno microcontrollers to handle absent patients from the queue in the form of a slot-back.’ The developed device presented here is capable of electronically queuing patients for doctor consultations, allowing a doctor to send patients to the pharmacy or other units within the facility, allowing a doctor to slot-back an absent patient, and allowing the doctor to attend to other issues such as emergencies via the use of the ‘busy’ key.
Keywords: Queue management, Medical facilities, Electronic queues, Patients, Calling system
THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL ACTORS IN ENSURING SECURITY DURING CONFLICT IN NIGERIA
*IDREES ABDULLAHI UWAIS; **USMAN MUHAMMAD SULAIMAN; ***IBRAHIM ADAMU SHEHU; ***ABDULLAHI ALHAJI SANI; & ****YUSUF ISMAIL IMAM
*Department of Crime Management Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi **Department of General Studies Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi ***Department of General and Remedial studies Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe ****Department of General Studies Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi
ABSTRACT
This paper identifies and analyses the patterns through which the traditional actors can get involved in granting the security during conflict in Nigeria. The objective of the research is to examine the public perception, factors, roles, strategies and challenges of traditional actors in ensuring security during conflict in Nigeria. Questionnaire and interview are used as the methods of collecting data while analysis was made using simple mathematical percentage. Literature was reviewed from relevant textbooks, journals, and newspapers. Conflict theory is suitable and satisfactory in analysis of this research. The findings indicated that the involvement of traditional actors emerges as a result of the ineffectiveness of the formal security to protect lives and properties of citizens in Nigeria. However, frustration, corruption, lack of man power in security and public agitation are among the major factors that lead to the involvement of traditional actors in security administration. The challenges of security in fighting conflict ranges from lack of logistics, manpower shortage, and lack of new strategies that can be used by the security in combating with conflict in Nigeria. The research recommended that by converting the hunters and traditional actors to be the fore-front fighters of conflict in Nigeria will aim a very good result. In conclusion, this research is contemporary social issue that needs urgent investigation by other researchers to be able to know and identify the role of traditional actors in fighting conflict in Nigeria.
Keywords: traditional actors, security, involvement, conflict,
THE ROLE OF TOURISM MARKETING IN UNLOCKING SUB-SAHARA AFRICA POTENTIAL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
ASORE E. PATRICIA (MRS)
Department Of Marketing Auchi Polytechnic,Auchi.
Abstract
The main objective of the paper is to examine the role of tourism marketing in sustainable development in Sub-Sahara Africa .The supporting objectives are to establish the tourism marketing strategies that will positively impact on tourism development in Sub –Sahara Africa, to examine the concept of sustainable tourism and its challenges in Sub –Sahara Africa, and to make known some negative impacts of tourism on the environment.Methodolically,this paper is written from a descriptive perspective. The most important sectors of tourism that bring in a lot of revenue to individuals and the government are: the travel trade sector, accommodation sector, tourism services sector ,transportation sector , entertainment sector, food and beverage services sector, adventure and outdoor recreation sector, attractions sector and the events sector. The most important tourism marketing strategies are shown to include the following: location marketing, activity marketing, segmentation marketing strategy, mass marketing strategy, niche marketing strategy, and digital marketing, where social media tools are used to persuasively communicate customer value and build customer relations. Some negative impacts of tourism on the environment were examined which include depletion of natural resources, pollution(air and noise),solid waste and littering, sewage, trampling, and others. Findings show that some challenges faced by sustainable tourism development in sub- Sahara Africa include the following: under- developed tourism infrastructure, poor intra-African air connectivity, absence of strategically-integrated product development and marketing, visa restrictions, poor treasury support to tourism, bad image created for the Africa brand, health and hygiene concerns., unfavorable business environment, low ICT readiness and high ticket taxes and airport charges. These challenges make sub-sahara Africa less likely to attract visitors and travel and tourism investors despite her appealing natural assets. The conclusion is that the proper marketing of these tourism products and services to attract consumers to come and spend their money; and putting the required infrastructure in place, is key to taking most Sub- sahara countries out of the league of less developed countries. It is recommended that, the right kind of marketing and promotion; provision of the necessary services and facilities to cater for tourists; visitor safety and security and maintenance of natural environments that often attract tourists should be put in place to help grow the tourism sector. Federal, State, and local governments should re-develop tourist sites and upgrade local festivals, some of which can be turned into money-spinners. There should be a vigorous programme of providing basic amenities in the rural areas. Currently, it is very difficult to travel around the country. Efforts should be doubled to build infrastructure, especially roads linking strategic tourist attractions across the country. The Intra-African Air Connectivity should not be ignored.
Keywords: Tourism Marketing, Sustainability, societal marketing concept, Trampling, culinary experience, Biological diversity, and Economic development.
A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF INSECURITY AS A THREAT TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SOME SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA STATES
1SHEHU KAZZAH; 2SOJA ZAKKA; & 3JOEL JOSEPH GAJERE
1,2,&3Department of History, Kaduna State College of Education Gidan Waya, Kafanchan, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Abstract
The Sub-Sahara African states have been bedevilled with a lot of Insecurity challenges that have hampered their development for so many decades. The seed of these threats were first sawn by the colonial events and the post-colonial politics in Africa, which have metamorphosed into terrorism and some terrorist related movements in the region, resulting to deepening poverty; food and nutritional insufficiency; health and educational crisis; bad governance; violent and intractable conflicts; rising numbers of refugees and internally displaced persons; and environmental bankruptcy among other things. This paper therefore addresses how insecurity has become a common hitch to meaningful and sustainable development in Africa, particularly in some selected states in sub-Saharan Africa. This study is predicated on historical design with a reliance on a well corroborated secondary data which were also thematically and textually analysed to enable us carry out our survey on the subject matter.
QUALITY EVALUATION OF SHARMA IMITATION MILK PRODUCED FROM BROKEN RICE.
SALAMATU IBRAHIM1 AND DONALDBEN N.S2*
1Department of Hospitality Management, Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State, Nigeria. 2Department of Food Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The study of ‘Sharma imitation Milk’ aims at producing a beverage from white rice (Oryza sativa) with a blend of evaporated milk, ginger, clove, sugar, lime juice, flavor and water. After the production, the ‘Sharma Imitation Milk’ was subjected to quality analysis which includes proximate, physiochemical and sensory analysis. The proximate composition results showed the protein content of the samples as 7.80, 14.82 and 9.56% for samples111, 112 and 113 respectively. The Ash content were 0.31, 0.21 and 0.25% for samples 111, 112 and 113 respectively. The crude fiber was 0.00, 0.00 and 0.00 for all the samples. The fat content values were 14.57, 11.85 and 2.65% for samples 111, 112 and 113 respectively. The moisture content was 53.83, 52.19 and 55.09% for 111, 112 and 113 respectively and carbohydrate contents were 23.49, 20.93 and 22.45% for 111, 112 and 113 respectively. The physiochemical properties showed the pH values of 5.10, 5.43 and 5.23 for 111, 112 and 113 respectively. The TTA (% citric) were 0.04, 0.03 and 0.03 for A, B and C respectively. The TSS (% Brix) were 11.20, 14.23 and 11.35 for 111, 112 and 113 respectively. The sensory analysis carried out on the products showed that there is no significant difference between the samples in their color, flavor, taste, mouth feel and overall acceptability as the F- Calculated for the parameters (0.362, 0.823, 1.451, 0.656 and 0.242) which are lower than the F- Tabulated (6.010) at 1% point of distribution. It can be deduced that Sharma Imitation Milk produced from white rice is generally acceptable.
Keywords: sharma, milk, beverage, ginger, imitation, clove
ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVENESS OF WUPA WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT IN ABUJA FCT
ILIYASU M. ANZAKU 1, YAKUBU A. UBANGARI2 & BENSON POLYCARP 3,
1,Depratment of Science, School of Continuing Education, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria. 2&3, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Isa Mustapha Agwai I, Polytechnic, Lafia, Nasarawa State.
Abstract
Solid waste generation within twenty four hours were weighed and recorded. Results obtained show that the rate of per ca pita Liquid waste generation there is no significant variation in the amount of waste generated among the study areas, in the result of regression, household size exerts the greatest influence on the rate of waste generated in the study area, followed by level of education and the least is the income level of the household head. This shows that the larger the size of household, the greater the amount of waste generated and visa verse. Recommendations include maintenance and reconstruction should be carried out on sewage lines that are damaged to ensure free flow of liquid waste from point of generation to treatment stage. Adequate fund should be provided for AEPB in charge of waste collection in the study area for proper execution of environmental programmes. Maintenance work should be carried out on WUPA plant regularly to prevent break down of the plant House should ensure that there is no pipe leakage conveying liquid waste. Effective campaign should be put in place for see the necessity of consciousness with regards to waste disposal and management Integration of a Biodigester plant be encouraged at Wupa treatment plant The Eco-friendly effluent discharge from the plant should be properly harnessed.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Waste, Water, Treatment plant
L’ANTICLERICALISME DANS L’ŒUVRE DE BETI
IJAH GIDEON AKASE
Department of French, Nasarawa State University, Keffi
Résumé
Abstract
Le sermon du Révérend Père Kolmann sur la parabole du Bon Samaritain dans Ville Cruelle (10) révèle un aboutissement inévitable de la complicité de l’Eglise catholique avec l’administration coloniale. Ce sermon qui visa à prolonger l’action de la police et à mettre ainsi la morale chrétienne au service du système colonial, traduit le procès que Beti dresse de l’entreprise d’évangélisation en Afrique. C’est la tendance du clergé à exercer abusivement son influence dans le domaine temporel qui est l’objet de notre étude dans le but de montrer qu’à travers une technique satirique, Beti dénonce la collusion de l’institution chrétienne avec l’administration coloniale pour l’exploitation et l’oppression des Noirs.
EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ON PERFORMANCE OF BAKERIES IN MINNA, NIGER STATE: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW
1YUSUF, M.A., 2ZUBAIRU, U. (PHD), 3YUSUF, A.
1-3Department of Entrepreneurship and Business Studies, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of organizational structure on the performance of bakeries in Minna, Niger State. The study adopts a cross-sectional research design via the use of close-ended questionnaire. The instrument was tested using face and content validity, and to check the internal consistence test and retest method was employed. The study chooses a sample size of 312 respondents using Taro Yamane (1967) formular from a total population of 1413 (approximately) bakeries employees within Minna. Similarly, ramdom sampling was used to give each bakery out of the 74 registered bakeries equal chance of being selected. To achieve the study objective Simple Linear Regression Analysis was use. The variables used to measure the independent variable (Organizational Structure) are; nature of formalization, nature of hierarchical layer and organizational boundary while the variable used to measure the dependent variable (Performance) is productivity.
Keywords: Organizational Structure, Performance, Covid-19, Bakeries.
DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, INTER- ETHNIC CO-EXISTENCE AND FARMERS – HERDERS CONFLICT IN IBARAPA LOCAL GOVERNMENT OYO STATE IN SOUTH WEST NIGERIA
1 AJAYI JOHNSON K, 2, AHMED JELEEL ABIOYE 3POPOOLA EMMANUEL. K, 4OLAKUNLE M.K & 5EGBEDINA PETER .O
1-4Department of Public Administration. The Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State, Nigeria. 5Department of Local Government Studies. The Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
One major problem confronting world peace today is the manifestation of conflicts in different dimensions across the globe, from Europe to America, Asia to Africa. Conflicts are common phenomena and have been seen in different ways by different scholars. Violent conflicts between herdsmen and farmers have, for a long time, been a common feature of economic livelihood in West Africa with consequences on human, socio-economic animal lives, properties, peaceful coexistence, and orderliness. This paper therefore examines the nature of conflict between farmers and herders in south west Nigeria, identify the main triggers of conflicts between farmers and herders in south west Nigeria. It also examines how farmers and herders conflicts affects inter-ethnic peaceful co-existence in south west Nigeria. This research work adopted the ethnography method of qualitative research with the use of focus group and interview methods respectively in Oyo. The paper find out that the conflicts also have a strong potential to spread to other neighbouring countries in West Africa, but the Federal Government in Nigeria and the international community has remained silent on the possibility of the conflict spreading. The paper concludes that the sporadic and on-going violent conflict between herdsmen and farmers in rural communities in Nigeria is a serious threat to human security and development in the country. The paper recommended that the international community and civil society organizations should pay attention to on-going herdsmen and farmers conflict, which has the potential to spread throughout West Africa. The current approach by the Nigerian government has not adequately addressed the situation. There is a possibility that the problem could lead to serious food crises and refugee problems in the region if quick action is not taken to provide adequate security for people in rural communities across Nigeria.
Keywords: Democratic Governance, Inter- Ethnic, Co-Existence, Farmers Herders, Conflict.
SUITABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOIL AND WATER OF BAYARA IRRIGARION SITES IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA.
CHIMDI, G.O.; HARUNA, Y.; GAMBO, M.; AND ABBA-AJI, A.A.
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi.
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to evaluate the water and soil quality in Bayara irrigation sites in Bauchi state, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from six different points augered at 0-15cm and 15-30cm depths of the soils. The water samples were collected from five different points. The soil samples were analyzed for the particle size, pH, Organic carbon, Total Nitrogen, available Phosphorus, Exchangeable bases (Ca,Mg, K and Na.), and micronutrients level ( Zn, Fe,Mn and Cu). While the water samples were analyzed for pH, Exchangeable bases (Ca, Mg, K and Na.) Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved sodium (TDS) exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). All the soils were found to range from sandy to sandy loam with sand dominating the soil separates. Organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were found low. While exchangeable base fall within medium rating. Micro nutrients contents were also found medium in content and the pH of the soils range from slightly acidic to neutral. The water samples were found to contain low SAR (2.3328),normal ESP (18.7%), low electrical conductivity (166.7), low to medium TDS (135.8) and bicarbonate low(2.5) Medium exchangeable bases and neutral PH. Based on the result obtained from the laboratory analysis, the study showed that irrigation water and soil of the study area were found to be of good quality with respect to universally acceptable limits. Therefore, they are safe for irrigation without any probable salinity and alkalinity problem development. However, the low nutrient (N.P. and K) content of the soil samples are hereby recommended for organic matter addition and/or organic manure incorporation for better crop production.
POPULATION GROWTH AND LAND USE/LAND COVER CHANGES IN KONTAGORA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NIGER STATE
1IWALAIYE Elizabeth Mayokun, 2MOHAMMED Baba Jibril, 3SHU’AIBU Dabo, 4SUBERU Habibat, 5AYAWA Murjanatu
1234Department of Geography, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Federal College of Education, Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Land use/Land cover patterns on Earth reflect the interaction of human activities and the natural environment. Human population growth together with competitive land use causes land scarcity, conversion of wild lands to agriculture and other uses. Geographic Information System (GIS) imageries were captured at different time interval (2006, 2013 and 2019) and projection of the Kontagora Local Government Area (L.G.A) population was made from 2006 to 2019. However the study monitored the land use changes with focus on built-up (settlements) growth in Kontagora L.G.A to detect and estimate the rate of changes over the periods. The study revealed that built-up increased from 0.65% in 2006 to 0.96% in 2013 and 1.38% in 2019. Water also increased from 0.095% in 2006 to 0.32% in 2013 and 0.55% in 2019. Vegetation of 62.26% in 2006 declined to 48.15% in 2013 and 40.93% in 2019. Bare land increased from 37% in 2006 to 50.56% in 2013 and 57.15% in 2019. With a population growth of 3.5%, the population figure of 2006 which accounts for 151,968 is projected to 193,346 in 2013 and 237,671 in 2019 respectively. The settlement (built-up) increase has encroached into the vegetation and agricultural land use which is decreasing due to growth in population, constructions and other human needs. Bare land is increasing meaning that there is increase in waste land and cultivable land. In addition, land use dynamics increased exponentially with population density change causes increase in bare land. The urbanization and unplanned growth of Kontagora requires more informed physical planning strategies and recommendation for sustainability.
Keywords: Population growth, Land use cover change, GIS and Remote Sensing, Urbanization
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A HORIZONTAL WATER TUBE BOILER
SMART BELLO1, OLAWEPO B. B.1 AND AJAYI R. POLAM2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, School of Engineering Technology. Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State. 2Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, School of Engineering Technology. Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State.
ABSTRACT
Introducing modern boiler concepts in the design of thermal power stations is nowadays becoming mandatory, not only from an economic point of view of new investments, but also as a significant and pro-active step towards the reduction of greenhouse gases & dust emissions by the enhancement of efficiency. The increase in the cycle efficiency in modern power station is mainly achieved by increasing the steam parameters. In addition to elevated steam parameters, other measures such as double reheat design and increased boiler efficiency are the key factors to achieve the desired maximization in heat rates. The aim of this project was to design and fabricate a water-tube boiler using a diesel fired burner (C13H25)9 to generate 80kg of steam per hour. The boiler tank is made of pure mild steel. Mild steel is used to fabricate the water tubes and other parts such as the furnace, smokestack and return chamber that make up the boiler. The heating surface area was increased for sake of efficiency and fast steam generation by reversing the direction of the gas through a second and third parallel tube (three pass). The boiler (which is fired by a diesel burner) generates dry saturated steam at a pressure of 1 bar and temperature of 111.4oC. It can be used for domestic and industrial purposes.
THE EFFECT OF MOBILE PHONE RADIATION ON HUMAN HEALTH
CHINELO GLORIA IKE
Department of Science Laboratory Technology (Microbiology Option), School of Applied Sciences, Federal Polytechnic Oko
ABSTRACT
A boon for better communication, cell phone usage nonetheless has many health hazards. Various studies indicate that the emissions from a cell phone can be extremely harmful, causing genetic damage, tumors, memory loss, increased blood pressure and weakening of immune systems. The fact that this radiation is invisible intangible and enters and leaves our bodies without our knowledge makes it even more intimidating. Mobile telephone radiation has had an effect on living tissue is heating. The rise in temperature on the surface of the brain caused by radiation waves is 0.3 degrees at the most. This kind of temperature rise is not known to have biological signification. The temperature of the brain normally fluctuates by about one degree, and only after a five degree increase in temperature do cell become damaged. Increase risk of brain tumor in people who have used a mobile phone for a long time (more than ten years). These studies however involve uncertainties. One source of error is a memory illusion related to the fact that mobile phone use and cell durations that took place many years are ago are difficult to recall exactly. According to the sperm count test, the test of group of man came to result of an alarming of 25 percent decrease in sperm count, due to the use of cell phones. According to the test cellphone radiation damage the sperm cells of men, causing them to lose the changes of reproducing. And also cell phone radiation effect pregnant woman may have chance that the fetus of pregnant woman may have mental health damages due to cell phone radiation.
Keywords: – Genetic damage, Tumors, Memory loos, Blood pressure, Immune systems
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTI-LAUNDERING LAWS AND REPORTING SYSTEM BETWEEN NIGERIA UNITED KINGDOM
MOHAMMED IDRIS
Department of Legal Studies, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State
ABSTRACT
This research examines the effectiveness of anti-laundering legislations between the United Kingdom and Nigeria by analyzing the strategies adopted by the two countries in fighting the scourge. Thus, one of the most effective mechanisms of International Anti-Money Laundering Laws is the requirement that, each country’s financial institution should file Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs) to its Financial Intelligent Units (FIU). Even though a global standard of reporting system had been established by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF); most of the countries in the world has their peculiar methods of filing the STR. Therefore, the aim of this research is to assess not only the sufficiency of the anti-laundering laws in these countries, but to analyse their reporting methods in other to accentuate their efficacy and short comings therein and to proffer solution(s) accordingly with a view of making improvement by the relevant concern authorities. The research also tried to venture into the correct meaning of the term „suspicion‟ for the purposes of attaining the objectives of fighting the scourge through reporting. The research also highlighted some impacts of suspicious reporting and its attendant effect both from the sides of the customers of the financial institutions, the institutions and the two jurisdictions analised herein. In conclusion, suggestions and or recommendations based on the analysis carried out were made in other to make some improvement in both jurisdictions.
Keywords: Money Laundering, Legal Framework, Reporting, Suspicious Transaction, Effectiveness.
IMPACT OF ICT SKILL ACQUISITION TOWARDS IMPROVED PEDAGOGY IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA
UKONU, EGBE ELIZABETH; & HABU, JINGI UMAR
Department of Office Technology and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi
ABSTRACT
This paper brings to the fore the effect of the acquisition of ICT skill for improved teaching and learning for the development and presentation of information, preparing ICT-based learning environment, designing effective learning experiences and creating rich learning in the pandemic era. ICT skills refers to technology used for regular everyday tasks, sending an email, making a video call, search the internet, using a tablet or mobile phone and more. ICT skills could also include the ability to use older communication technologies such as telephones, radios and televisions. Some of these ICT skills include but not limited to the following: Email management and set up, Online Research, Online Research, Social Media Management, Online Collaboration, Data Management Queries, Desktop Publishing, Word Processing, Excel application, Internet. The impact of these ICT skills on improved pedagogy are enhancing computer networking globally known today as internet and intranet, it accelerates economic development nationally as it is a virile source of national income for all nations that have fully embraced it usefulness, it improves engagement and knowledge retention, when ICT is integrated into lessons, students become more engaged in their work, ICT helps in student centered teaching and learning approach. Problems that hinder the acquisition of these ICT skills are as follows: Lack of government interest in providing ICT skills to Nigerians, high Cost of Acquiring, Maintaining and Installing of ICT, lack of Basic ICT Knowledge, lack of Basic ICT Knowledge, unavailability of Relevant Software, recruitment of Unqualified Personnel. The following suggestion have been rendered to encourage the acquisition of these ICT skills for improved pedagogy in COVID-19 Pandemic era: Government should support the train by carefully providing computer and its internet services to all her citizens at a very subsidized rate if not free of charge, government at all levels should invest in ICT by introducing waiver in the importation of ICT facilities, enlightenment programme should be organized by government, private sector and individual in order to create awareness on why people should study ICT related courses, The provision of steady power supply is very important for the continuous practice of ICT, the government can enter into partnership with ICT material manufacturing companies to enable them establish their manufacturing or assembling companies in Nigeria and this will make the computers, its relevant ICT software and the accessories cheap for the people to purchase.
Keywords: ICT Skills, pedagogy, improved pedagogy, COVID-19 pandemic era
FINANCIAL MARKET AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT NEXUS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA COUNTRIES: A DYNAMIC PANEL DATA ESTIMATION
ANUYA, DAVID ENASAVWERIE PhD
Department of Banking and Finance, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe-Oghara, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The study examines the nexus between financial market development and human development in Sub-Saharan Africa countries from year 2000 to 2019. Particularly, the study investigates the three dimensions of financial market development in term of access, depth and efficiency with human development index. To achieve this objective, the study employed the GMM dynamic panel framework based on Arellano and Bond’s (1991) first difference approach. While lagged levels of the dependent variables for different periods are used as the instruments to control the endogeneity bias associated with dynamic panel specifications, the model adequacy is determined using the J-statistic (Sargan’s test) and the Arellano-Bond first and second order serial correlation tests. The result shows that financial markets development indices are positive and highly significant on human development within the SSA region. The study therefore, recommend that Sub-Saharan African countries focus on developing and implementing policies and program that will critically improve financial markets access, depth and efficiency if they must achieve higher human development, a prerequisite for economic development, particularly in SSA countries.
Key words: Financial market development, human development, dynamic Panel GMM
TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: EXPLORING THE ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES IN BIOLOGY EDUCATION FOR GRADUATES OF TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA
CHRISTINA TANKO AUDU (PhD)
Abstract
The crux of this work is concerned with exploring the entrepreneurial opportunities in Biology education for graduates of tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The work touches briefly on the meaning of sustainable development, entrepreneurship and Biology education. It discusses the entrepreneurial opportunities in Biology education which young graduates make take up to earn a living and be self-reliance. The work looks at apiculture, heliculture and poultry which entrepreneurial opportunities in Biology which one can start with little capital. These entrepreneurial opportunities have many comparative advantages over other enterprises. It was concluded that there are many entrepreneurial opportunities in Biology education which graduates of Nigerian tertiary institutions could undertake and become self-employed. Biology education graduates can therefore utilize the opportunity by applying the knowledge they acquired to start small scale enterprise. The author recommended that entrepreneurship education should be infused into the Biology education curriculum with the aim of helping graduates of Biology education to take up entrepreneurial opportunities in Biology. It was also recommended that the culture of providing general entrepreneurship education to students should be improved upon to ensure that entrepreneurship education so provided is related to the student’s course of study such that upon graduation, the students could take up entrepreneurial opportunities related to their area of specialization.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A ROBOTIC VEHICLE FOR SPRAYING LIQUID FERTILIZER AND PESTICIDES FOR AGRICULTURE
ALIYU BUBA DAHIRU1, KABIRU MUHAMMED HALIDU2, ATEEQU MUSTAFA SALIHI3
1,2,3Department of Computer Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Agriculture is a very resource-intensive and labor-intensive enterprise. As a result, farmers are increasingly relying on technology and automation to help them deal with the problem. Agricultural robots, on the other hand, are far too intricate, slow, and expensive to be made publicly available. As a result, the agricultural sector continues to lag behind in terms of adopting new technologies. The creation of a low-cost agricultural robot for spraying fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture fields, as well as general crop monitoring, is detailed in this research study. The implemented system includes a four-wheeled robot with a mobile base, a spraying mechanism, a wireless controller for directing the robot’s movement, and a camera for monitoring crop health and growth as well as detecting pests in the agricultural field. Tests on the system system show that, while the robot’s productivity in terms of crop coverage is slightly lower than a human worker, the labor cost savings afforded by the agricultural robot prototype are much greater because it operates entirely autonomously, requiring the operator to only control the robot when placing it at the start of the crop path. Furthermore, the implemented system saves resources and reduces the contamination of subsurface water sources caused by the leeching process, allowing precision agriculture to be achieved. Finally, the developed system’s long battery life ensures that the fertilizer and pesticide spraying process will not be hampered by longer operation times or lower efficiency.
Keywords: Precision agriculture; longer operation; agricultural robot; fertilizer; pesticide; subsurface water
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF QUOTED NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS IN NIGERIA
1ODETAYO, T.A., 2SOYEMI, K. A.
1Department of Accounting, Faculty of Financial Studies, Osun State Polytechnic, Iree, Nigeria. 2Department of Accounting, Faculty of Administration and Management Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria.
Abstract
Despite huge literature in the area of working capital management (WCM) in past studies, many firms had crashed out of business because of their inability to optimally manage their working capital. This study examined the effect of working capital management on financial performance (ROA) of quoted non-financial firms (QNFFs) in Nigeria. Descriptive ex post facto research design was adopted with the use of purposive and cluster sampling techniques to select 95 out of 111 quoted non-financial firms listed on Nigerian Stock Exchange. Data were obtained from the annual reports of the firms and NSE fact book for the year 2020. Three (3) Panel Regression models, viz, Ordinary Least Square, Fixed Effect and Random Effect techniques, were used to analyse the data. The result revealed that all the explanatory variables (ACP, APP, INV, CCC, CATAR, GWCR, CLTAR, SIZE, LEV and SGROW) had a significant joint effect on return on assets of QNFFs (R2 = 0.1462; F=24.37; P=0.0008). The study concluded that; for the quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria to survive and maintain stability on performance (ROA) they should manage their ACP, APP, CCC, CTAR, GWCR and SIZE that is, Assets optimally.
Keywords: Financial Management, Working Capital Management, Non-Financial Firms, Return on Asset.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A CULTURE OF INNOVATION TO UNLOCK SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
*JOHNSON ITABITA PATIENCE (PhD); & **AGUNUWA, EKOKOTU VINCENT (PhD)
*Business Administration/Management, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe – Oghara. **Department of Banking & Finance, Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe – Oghara
Abstract
Entrepreneurship is a culture that strives for innovation which has the ability to unlock Sub-Saharan African Sustainable Development. An entrepreneur generates idea which brings about wealth through the process of combining innovativeness with the essential management and organization skill. This research is a cross sectional survey, questionnaire was designed to elicit information from the respondents. Taro Yamane’s formula was used to determine the sample size of 67 selected businesses in Delta State while chi square was used to analyze the data. It was discovered that Entrepreneurship attracts innovation, for sustainable growth and Development. The study therefore concluded that Entrepreneurship is a necessity for entrepreneurial development and sub-Saharan African Sustainable growth and Development. It was recommended that government should organize a continuous workshop or seminar where formal training will be given to those who cannot afford formal education and also create an avenue where entrepreneurs can access a high quality business advice and financial support.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Wealth, Innovativeness, Organizational skill, Taro Yamane.
EFFECT OF EXTERNAL BORROWING ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA.
DIGGA, DANJUMA MARK; AND AYIKA THEOPHILUS
Department of Economics, Kaduna State College of Education, Gidan-waya.
ABSTRACT
The research was carried out to determine the effect of external borrowing on the economic growth of Nigeria. Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was used for the estimation and ARDL bound test was carried out for co-integration. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) Unit Root Test and Philips-Peron (PP) test were used to test for stationarity. The study showed that economic growth is positively influenced by external debt stock both in the long run and the short run. However, the study did not find a significant relationship between debt service payment and economic growth. Control variables like inflation was revealed to have a significant negative influence on economic growth in the short-run, while exchange rate and capital formation have significant negative influence on economic growth both in the short run and long run. Based on the positive relationship between external debt stock and economic growth, it is recommended that loans received from external sources should be channelled to productive investments in order to enhance economic growth. Based on the negative relationship between exchange rate and economic growth. It is recommended that effective fiscal and monetary policies that will stabilize exchange rates should be adopted. Similarly, based on the negative relationship between inflation rate and economic growth, it is also recommended that policies that can stabilize the inflation rate at a level that will enhance economic growth should be implemented.
YOUTHS AS AGENT OF PEACEBUILDING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
*WAZIRI MUSA; & **IDRIS YAKUBU HALIRU; & **BASHIR ADEYEMI DERE
*Department of Public Administration, Kaduna Plytechnic-Kaduna State. **Department of Local Government Studies, Kaduna Plytechnic-Kaduna State
Abstract
Youths plays a vital role in peace-building and sustainable development of every country in the world. The development of all nations lies on the shoulder of how productive and creative the youthful populations are; they refer as the engine of growth and development. This paper examines the role of youths in peace-building for sustainable development in Nigeria. Literature indicated that successive governments in Nigeria had introduced several youth development programmes as a mechanism to enhance peace-building and national development capable of reducing crime in the society, yet not much has been achieved, due to poor political-will, a systemic failure such as impunity, persistent corruption and inability to achieving sustainable development in Nigeria. The study recommends for empowering the youth by exposing them into different vocational skills programmes which may help them to engage into sustainable-income and self-empowerment for national development which will lead to sustained peace-building, and the transformation of the judicial institution with severe punishment on all corrupt individuals who divert public funds meant for developmental and empowerment programmes. This study is conceptual in nature and it employed secondary data like journals, internet resource, government documents, textbooks, and several others to analyze the role of the youth on peace-building for sustainable development in Nigeria. The paper may be found beneficial to the policymakers in Nigeria on the necessary measures and the strategic direction needed towards effective implementation of people oriented policy and programmes of government capable of promoting productivity and creativity among youth for peace-building and sustainable national development in Nigeria.
Keywords: Youth, National Development, Peace Building, Security, Empowerment
THE EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES IN THE MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM IN NIGERIA (REVIEW)
1JAMES JEFFERY WILLIAMS, 1KWADA TUMBA FREEMAN; AND 2LAWAL KABIR TUNAU
1Department of Geography, Adamawa State College of Education Hong. 2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi Adamawa – Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper looks at the mangrove ecosystem in Nigeria, using secondary sources to discover some human activities that affect the natural environment and the resultant effects of these activities. Some human activities affecting the study area were briefly studied which includes pollution of coastal waters, gas flaring, land reclamation, overfishing etcetera. The study concludes majority of the local population are fishers or are engaged in trade that services fishers. Collapse of these fisheries and other resources will inevitably lead to loss of livelihood by an already impoverished segment of the population. loss of livelihood implies loss of employment, loss of income, loss of pleasure, satisfaction and food. In a nutshell, loss of this ecosystem will lead to more poverty in the land. On the other hand, re-forestation and sustainable management of mangroves will lead to improved ecosystem health as well as all the services it provides for mankind and biological diversity. Finally the study recommends among others that sustainable agriculture should be introduced, which is based on the idea that if communities are given more knowledge and tools to grow better crops on their land that command higher prices and also points out that alternative livelihoods are a further refinement of sustainable agriculture, which strives to give people other ways to make money that will limit their time and inclination to over-extract from the wild
Keywords: Mangrove, Ecosystem, Human activities, Coastal Waters, Gas Flaring, Land Reclamation
ASSESSMENT OF BUILT-UP AREA EXPANSION OF BIDA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NIGER STATE
1SALIHU YUSUF MUSA; 1JAPHETH DARAMOLA; 1MOHAMMED A.B. YAHAYA; 2JOSEPH ARO;
1SGI Department, Federal Polytechnic Bida. Niger State. 2Observatory Earth Analytics Consults, 1a Raji Oladimeji Crescent, CMD Road, Magodo.
Abstract
Built-up area all over the world is rapidly taking over vegetal land cover, leading to various environmental problems such as soil erosion and land degradation. The study seeks to identify the encroachment of built-up area into vegetal land cover in Bida township, Bida local government area of Niger State over a period of 30years (1986-2016). This study adopted two methods for built-up area extraction: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) to extract built-up area from Landsat 05 LANDSAT-7-LANDSAT-8 imagery. And the use of supervised classification to extract built-up area expansion using Idrisi software. The satellite image analysis results show that the expansion from 2002 to 2016 is much higher and can be visibly recognized than the expansion from 1986 to 2001. Between 1986 to 2001, the expansion was minimal compared to 2002 to 2016, signifying that the town built up area expansion rate is dynamic and not fixed. It was also observed that the areas that are formally vegetal covered is now cover with buildings, this shows that a large area of vegetal cover has been lost to built-up area between 2002 and 2016. The study hereby recommends the need for urgent planning on the part of policy makers to forestall the negative impacts of built-up encroachment into vegetal land area for environmental sustainability that can enhance smart city sustainable development.
Keywords: Bida, built-up area expansion; normalized difference built-up index; normalized difference vegetation index; Landsat 8 OLI; Landsat 5 MSS and Landsat 7 ETM
PERCEIVED INFLUENCE OF FARMERS ON FERTILIZER APPLICATION TO OLERICULTURE PLANTS IN ZAMFARA STATE, NIGERIA.
CHRISTIANA JOSEPH ADAH1* AND HUSSAINA O. TANKO2
1Department of Agricultural Business Management, Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State. 2Department of Agricultural Extension Management, Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to find out the perceived influence of farmers on fertilizer application to olericulture plants in Zamfara State, Nigeria. Farmers in Zamfara State and identify challenges faced by farmers of olericulture crops in Zamfara State. Descriptive Survey research design was used for the study. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. The study was carried out in Kaura Namoda Local Government Area of Zamfara State. The study targeted olericulture crops farmers. A total of 120 respondents were targeted by the study (constituting 84male farmers and 36 female olericulture farmers). Data was coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). On the types of fertilizer used by farmers for olericulture crops in Zamfara State, it was found that NPK fertilizer, Plant substances, Sewage sludge and livestock manure are the commonly used fertilizer used by olericulture farmers. The study further found that benefits such as nutrient supply, improved crop yield, increased soil capacity to retain green water, and enhancement of crop nutritional quality are associated with fertilizer applications on olericulture crops in Zamfara State. Regarding the negative effects of fertilizer application on olericulture crops, the study found that chemical burn of the plant, mineral depletion of the soil, reduced soil’s organic matter, destruction of soil biodiversity and negative impact on soil structure were some of the observed negative effects. Other effects included increased rates of leukemia and brain cancer, groundwater contamination and soil acidification. On the challenges faced by farmers of olericulture crops, the study found that absence of fertilizer product, farmers’ lack of knowledge, limited access to credit, inadequate fertilizer supply and high fertilizer price were identified. Other challenges included transportation challenges, insufficient financial support, and poor access to better fertilizer. The study concluded that despite the importance of fertilizer in the country’s agriculture, olericulture crop farmers in Zamfara are faced with challenges for effective application of fertilizer. The study recommended that government agencies should formulate suitable policy interventions for the farmers whose livelihoods have been undermined by the adverse effects of poor fertilizer application, there is a need for re-orientation of poor attitude of farmers, especially youths, through government public enlightenment campaigns to see dignity in fertilizer application and the resuscitation of old farm scheme given prevailing circumstances, there is need for the relevant authorities to equip olericulture crop farmers with social skills relevant for proper fertilizer application.
Keywords: fertilizer, sewage, vegetables, olericulture, crops
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PORTABLE HANDHELD DEVICE FOR MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION OF SINGLE PLANE AREA OF AN IRREGULAR SHAPED OBJECTS
*ENGR. ORISANAIYE BRUNO AKINJIDE; **ENGR. ABUBAKAR IBRAHIM MUSA; & ***JOSHUA CALEB SHAWULU
*Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. **National Centre for Petroleum Research and Development (Energy Commission of Nigeria), Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria. ***American University of Nigeria, AUN, Yola, Adamawa State
Abstract:
Measurement of a single plane area of irregular shape, like a leaf etc. is not an easy task. Determination of leaf area is an indispensable exercise in crop growth analysis for the measurement of growth and development of plants. The aim of this research work is to design and implement a portable and handheld device for measurement and evaluation of single plane area of an irregular shaped object. The principle is based on statistical correlation method where an independent incident light source is used as a transmitter and a photocell as a receptor. It is for opaque objects and a reflector with opal glass is used to reduce light diffusions. The measurement involves the conversion of voltage generated on a shadowed photovoltaic (PV) cell received into leaf area in an enclosed space (Opto-isolated space). The area measured was as a result of the alteration of the incident light beam the result read-out on the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The prototype was used to measure different sizes and species of leaves. The measurements were compared with the actual areas and correlated with associated voltages and currents. The measured area result and calculated area result of a regular shaped objects does not vary significantly. The slope of 0.813 was obtained for areas measured and calculated areas which are related by a linear relationship. This indicates that the device can be used to obtain data on single plane irregular shaped object areas in the range of 10cm2 – 100cm2 with great degree of accuracy, Improvement in the light distribution and the corresponding increase in the size of the photocell. The major challenge is the non-linearity in energy generation per area distribution of larger photovoltaic array which constitutes problem in measuring larger sizes of an irregular shape greater than 100cm2. The overall performance of the research work is satisfactory and can be scaled up.
THE IMPLICATIONS OF IDP EDUCATION AND THE NEED FOR COUNSELING SERVICES FOR NIGERIAN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
*REV. FR. DR. BAHAGO, SAMAILA BENEDICT; & **NEHEMIAH WOKJI, GOTIP,
*Educational Foundations Department, Faculty of Education, Veritas University Abuja **Arts and Social Science Education Department, Faculty of Education, Veritas University Abuja.
The impact of IDP education on Nigerian national development and the need for counselling services in the twenty-first century was investigated in this research. The report emphasized that a nation’s progress is linked to its educational success, and that education is critical to the development and enhancement of a nation’s welfare. The article went on to look at the concept of all-inclusive education for Internally Displaced Persons. The implications of effective Internally Displaced Persons education on national development, such as the development of human skills needed in various sectors of the economy, the development of social behavior, poverty-reducing effects, improved health and nutrition, and reduced inequality, were also included in the paper. Economic factors, sexual violence and abuse, political factors, school environmental factors, and socio-cultural and religious factors have all hampered the efficient and effective education of Internally Displaced Persons. IDPs are denied the opportunity to reach their full potential and contribute to Nigeria’s development if they do not receive an education, according to the report. Although significant attempts have been made in the country to increase IDPs’ education, much more has to be done if IDPs are to completely fulfill their potential and contribute to the country’s political, socioeconomic, and technological transformation. According to the document, the government should aim to set aside 26% of the overall yearly budget for educational development, as suggested by the United Nations Organization, in order to offer the required facilities for IDPs’ education, among other things.
Keyword: Counselling, education, implication, Internally Displaced Persons, and national development are some of the terms used in this paper.
ASSESSMENT OF THE UTILISATION OF MODULAR INTEGRATED CONSTRUCTION ON THE COST EFFECTIVENESS OF BUILDING PROJECTS IN ABUJA.
* IDRIS, A. AND ADAMU, A.D.
Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology, Minna.
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the utilisation of modular integrated construction as a building construction method in Nigeria with a view to ensuring cost effectiveness in building construction projects. Data was collected from 50 construction sites in Abuja using a structured questionnaire with a response rate of 98.03%. A purposive sampling technique was adopted for the study. The analysis of the data was carried out with the use of percentage, mean item score, and factor analysis. The study identified nine (9) drivers for the use of modular construction, of which the availability and accessibility of a skilled and experienced factory labour force (MIS = 4.38) is the most important. The study identified eight (8) barriers to the use of modular construction, of which two are financial barriers. (MIS = 4.54) is very important. The most important critical success factors for implementing modular integrated construction as a building construction method are an experienced workforce and technical capability (MIS = 4.52). The most significant effect of modular integrated construction practises on cost effectiveness is that they reduce the costs of design and development and/or maintenance of the project (MIS = 4.70). It can therefore be concluded that by knowing the current opportunities and challenges involved in the implementation of modular methods in the urban environment, practitioners would promote, plan, and implement modular methods better in the urban environment and achieve higher levels of modularization, which will then contribute to the productivity growth in the construction industry. Hence, appropriate measures were recommended to enhance the adoption of the modular construction method by professionals to ensure cost effectiveness in building construction projects.
ASSESSMENT OF INFORMAL E-WASTE REFURBISHING ACTIVITIES IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
ABDULSALAM ABDULMAJEED B., OWODUNNI, A. S., KAREEM, W. B.
Department of Industrial & Technology Education, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract:
Electronic waste (e-waste) has become a growing concern in today’s environment, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria, which has given rise to a new environmental challenge and health problems. This study assessed the activities of informal E-waste refurbishing in Minna, metropolis, Niger State. The study adopted a mixed method research design. The targeted population for the study was 428 respondents. True Non-probability sampling techniques, snowball and convenient sampling sampling techniques was used to draw 40 EEE Repairers/Refurbishers, 40 EEE local Recyclers, 30 collectors and 79 regulators taken from (NISEPA 50, NESREA 40, FME 7) in Minna metropolis Niger State. Structured questionnaire items and structured interviews questions were used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts and Cronbach Alpha was used to ascertain the extent of the internal consistency of the instrument and a reliability coefficient of 0.82 was obtained for the entire instrument. Data was collected and analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS version 21). Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significant. The study found that E-waste is discarded indiscriminately along streets, those that generate E-waste are liable for disposal, and E-waste refurbishing activities are carried out without the use of personal protective equipment. E-waste is dismantled and disassembled to extract valuable materials, while non-value materials are inappropriately disposed of and burned in the environment. The study recommended, among others, that that residents and e-waste workers should be enlightened and sensitized on how to handle e-waste; the government should set up an effective monitoring system for proper e-waste handling in Niger State, Nigeria.
Keywords: E-waste, collection activities, Refurbishing activities, Techniques for improvement, Assessment
ASSESSMENT OF STRATEGIES USED FOR TEACHING ADULT LITERACY LEARNERS READING COMPREHENSION IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
*AMINAT HASSAN NAJMUDEEN (Mrs.); & **ABDULKAREEM FAROOQ ISHOLA
*Department of Curriculum Studies and Educational Technology, Kwara State College of Education, Ilorin. **℅ Department of English, Kwara State College of Education, Ilorin.
ABSTRACT
Reading determines the level of educational attainment of any educated individual. It is an essential skill that is required by an individual in the process of achieving educational goals at all levels. This study assesses strategies used for teaching adult literacy learners reading comprehension in Ilorin, Nigeria. It also examined the influence of gender on adult literacy learners reading comprehension. This study adopted a descriptive survey of cross-sectional research design. The population of the study comprised all the facilitators and adult literacy learners in Ilorin, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select respondents for this study. A total of one-hundred and twenty-eight (128) respondents constituted sampled respondents. Researchers-designed instruments were used for the study. Mean, standard deviation and the t-test statistical technique were used for data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that eclectic or blended learning comprehension strategy and think aloud reading comprehension learning strategy were the most preferred strategy used by facilitators and adult literacy learners in teaching adult and literacy learners reading comprehension respectively. There was no significant difference in the male and female adult literacy learners’ preferred strategies used in reading comprehension. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that adult literacy learning facilitators should employ various forms of strategies in teaching adult literacy learners reading comprehension so as to address cater for their individual differences and expose them to different learning strategies.
Keywords: assessment, methods, adult literacy, reading comprehension, adult learners
INDUSTRIALIZING NIGERIA: A PANACEA TO HIGH CRIME WAVE IN THE COUNTRY
*VEN EGESI JONATHAN CHIDOMERE; **VEN DURUJI SIMEON UGOCHUKWU; & ***NWARU CHRISTIANA CHINWE
*Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo-Ohaji, P.M.B 1472, Owerri- Nigeria. **Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Ediucation, Owerri. ***Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo-Ohaji.
Abstract
The high rate of crime in Nigeria cannot be said to be getting out of hand but has gotten out of hand. There is hardly any day that passes by without one hearing news of one or series of crimes here and there. It is in fact appalling that the people seem to have become helpless and left to their own fate because with is witnessed nothing is done to arrest or even curb the situation. This writer is of the view that our people decided not to allow hardship and hunger take their precious lives but instead prefer to take to certain heinous crimes like human trafficking, drug peddling, kidnapping, smoking of Indian hemp among a myriad of other crimes that is witnessed in our society today. Apart from the fact that the Government is not taking the interest of the people at heart, the people on their own are left with little chance of surviving since the economic situation of the country is not something to write home about. These among a host of others have left Nigerians with no chance of survival and people take to anything to survive. Various data collection techniques were used in gathering data for analysis. A theory was adopted as theoretical framework for analysis, thereafter, conclusion was drawn.
Keywords: Industrialization, Nigeria, Panacea, High, Crime wave.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECT OF BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES
EMMANUEL ONYEBUEKE
Department of Primary Education, Federal College of Education, Kano
Abstract
This study addresses issues of problems and prospect of business opportunities related to sustainable development in African countries. The introduction presents current situations in Africa; the occurring transformations as well as the goals and definitions of sustainable development. The next part of the paper talks about the problems of doing business in Africa and the prospect involved. The paper concluded by stressing that Africa is a growing and promising continent with potential business opportunities. The paper proffers solutions to the problems such as steady power supply and establishment of industrial banks for the continent.
Keywords: Sustainable development, Africa countries, socio-economic development and social inclusion and exclusion
ASSESSING THE RETURNS OF SHOPS AND WAREHOUSES IN ABAK LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, AKWA IBOM STATE OF NIGERIA.
EKPO, MBOSOWO EBONG; JEREMIAH, UDUAK OKON
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua, Ikot Ekpene. Akwa Ibom State.
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the returns of investment in shops and warehouses in Abak with view of developing models to forecast rental and capital of shops and warehouses investment in the study area. In order to achieve the stated aim, the following objectives were to investigate the average rental and average capital values of shops in the study area from 2012 to 2021; to ascertain the average rental and average capital value of warehouses in the study area from 2012 to 2021 and to analyse the returns of investments in shops and warehouses in the study area. This research work adopted the cross-sectional survey type of design. Primary data used for this study was obtained through questionnaire survey. The data collected was used to calculate the returns. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data while the Holding Period Returns technique was employed to determine the returns of the shops and warehouses. The study revealed that investments in shops and warehouses in the study area provided a continuous increase in rental and capital values while the corresponding returns ranged between 11.01% and 15.01% in warehouse investments as well as 5013% and 31.50% in shops investment. Based on the research findings, although shops seemed to have had the highest returns, it was recommended and concluded that further research be carried out to ascertain the risk of both investments so as to draw proper conclusion on which of the two investments performed better. The investment information provided in this study has significant implications for both local and foreign investors desiring to invest in the Nigerian property market, with particular reference to commercial property market in Abak.
Keywords: Returns, shops, warehouses, Abak.
PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF Jatropha curcas and Cassia occidentalis ON SELECTED HEAVY METALS IN THE SOIL
1OSESUA, BENJAMIN ANTHONY; 2MALIK, AMINU IMONIKHE; 2IDAYAT, SHADE AND 2JAMILU, MOH’D AMBURSA.
1Department of Science Technology, Waziri Umaru Fed. Poly. Birnin Kebbi. Kebbi State. 2Department of Science Education, Waziri Umaru Fed. Poly. Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State
ABSTRACT
The potential of Cassia occidentalis and Jatropha curcas to remediate the heavy metals: Pb, Mn, Zn, Cr and Cu in polluted soil was studied. The seedlings of the plants, Cassia occidentalis and Jatropha curcas were obtained and planted in six pots which were spiked with aqueous solution of each metal. The matured plants were harvested and separated into roots, stem and leaves. Standard operating procedures was used to extract the metals from the plant parts. Results revealed uptake of the metals through the roots, stem and leaves of the plants. Cassia occidentalis and Jatropha curcas grown in the spiked soil showed relatively higher values for the uptake of the analysed metals as compared to those grown on the control soil. The order of metal accumulation in the parts of the plant are: Pb, leaves > root > stem; Mn, roots > leaves > stem; Zn, roots > leaves > stem; Cr, roots > leaves > stem and Cu, leaves > roots > stem, for C. occidentalis, while for J. cucas metals accumulation was found to be in the order: Pb, stem > roots > leaves; Mn, stem > roots > leaves; Zn, roots > stem > leaves; Cr, stem > roots > leaves and Cu, stem > roots > leaves. The Translocation Factor (TF) revealed that Pb (1.52) and Cu (1.41) are highly accumulated in the leaves of C. occidentalis plant, while a TF of Pb (1.53), Mn (1.31), Cr (1.27) and Cu (1.19) was observed in the stem of J. curcas. The high remediation potential observed in this study as occasioned by the Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) value recorded indicates that C. occidentalis and J. curcas have vital characteristics that can be used for phytoextaction of the analysed metals.
Keywords: heavy metals, translocation, bioaccumulation, seedling, chromium.
TO DETERMINE HARDWARE ISSUES MILITATING AGAINST THE FULL DEPLOYMENT OF COMPUTER AS TOOL IN TEACHING ARCHITECTURAL STUDENTS IN NIGERIAN POLYTECHNICS.
SAMUEL PETER
Department of Architectural Technology, College of Environmental Studies, Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic, Kazaure, Jigawa State.
ABSTRACT
Studies have shown that computers have the following advantages to architecture; decreasing routine work and making the work more efficient and quicker especially when repeating similar solutions and structures; dimensioning is more accurate and quicker and three dimensional modelling and studying the model became easier once the model was made. Many school are yet to fully deploy computers as design tools for training of students. Questionnaires were administered to all the staff that teach Higher National Diploma (HND) students of Architectural Technology Department, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria. Because of the need for comprehensive study of the problem, the total population of staff (seven lecturers) was used for the research. The data collected was analysed using the mathematical formula Part/whole X 100% to find percent proportion. The findings showed that there are shortages of computer hardware for the training of architectural students. This made the training of students electronically challenging despite the relative steady power supply in the polytechnic as found by the study.
Keyword: Challenges; Hardware; Higher National Diploma; Software; Training
SUSTAINBABLE TECHNOLOGICAL SKILLS: THE KEY FOR UNLOCKING OFFICE TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT STUDENTS’ POTENTIALS IN THE 21ST CENTURY WORKPLACE
UKONU, EGBE ELIZABETH; & HABU, JINGI UMAR
Department of Office Technology and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi
Abstract
This paper delved into sustainable technological skills that will unlock Office Technology and Management (OTM) students’ potential in the 21st century workplace. 21st century workplace invest in technology so employees can efficiently and effectively connect and collaborate. The 21st century workplace is accessible from anywhere, people work together, many businesses are increasingly providing opportunities for employees to work from home or from other places. From the ongoing, computer literacy skills, database management skills, website development skills, digital marketing skills, project management skills and cyber security skills are some of the skills that are required for unlocking OTM students’ potential for the 21st century workplace. Some of the problems that hinder the acquisition of these technological skills are: inadequate or lack of modern facilities and equipment, erratic or Epileptic power supply, inadequate or lack of trained technicians, expensive nature of the modern technologies used for the skill acquisition among others. Reading books, magazines, or website on the technological subjects that one is interested in, asking to be included on technological projects so that one can gain hands-on experience, joining online courses and tutorials about the technology subjects one want to learn, enrolling in workshops and online classes, practicing on one’s own to refine technical skills and taking advantage of any technical training and certification offered by one’s employer are some of the ways to improve the acquisition of one’s technological skills. Based on the above revelations, the following recommendations were made: that stakeholders in the polytechnic sector should make adequate provisions of facilities required for the inculcation of these soft and hard skills for adequate teaching and learning, lecturers should be sent on workshops, conferences to update their knowledge on the latest technologies so as to unlock their students’ potentials in the 21st century work place that is technology driven.
Keywords: Sustainable, skills, technological skills, office technology and management (OTM)
WATER YIELD ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA NORTH-CENTRAL WATERSHED, USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES.
DARAMOLA JAPHETH
Surveying and Geoinformatics Department, the Federal Polytechnic, Bida. Niger State
Abstract
North central Nigeria over the years have witness decline in rainfall, unpredictable rainfall, and irregular runoff. these has resulted to water stress that has led to persistent clashes and loss of lives between herders and farmers within the region. Hence, the study seeks to assess the region water yield using Geography Information System (GIS) and Remote sensing techniques. The study applied the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to predict the hydrological processes. The three land cover maps of 1975, 2000 and 2013 were run independently while keeping the other SWAT inputs constant, using the watershed streamflow calibrated and validated result of Kaduna watershed (32,124 km2) located in north-central Nigeria to determine the watershed water yield pattern of the year. Performance evaluation of the model was achieved statistically using Nash-Sutcliffe (NS), coefficient of determination (r2) and percentage of observed data (p-factor). SWAT model evaluation results of NS (0.71), r2 (0.80) and p-factors of 0.86 suggests that the model performed satisfactorily for streamflow predictions. The findings revealed decreased between 1975 and 2013 in water yield, surface runoff (SURQ_mm), lateral flow (LAT_Qmm), and deep aquifer (Deep_mm) by 37.3%, 56%, 15% and 100% respectively, while groundwater shallow aquifer (GW_Qmm) experienced 10% decrease between 1975 and 2000 and appreciated by 6% between 2000 and 2013. These results revealed declined in water yield over time, thus, leading to water stress and persistent clashes between herders and farmers, that have claimed lives and properties, hence, the need for dependable data on availability of water resources (surface and ground water) to plan their extraction and uses.
LEVERAGING DIGITAL MARKETING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES FOR JOB CREATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.
ASORE, E. PATRICIA (Mrs)
Department of Marketing, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi
Abstract
The main objective of the paper is to examine how Digital Marketing can be used to transform developing countries in terms of job creation and economic Development. The supporting objectives of the paper are: to determine the differences between digital marketing and traditional marketing, to examine the components and channels of digital marketing, to find out the jobs created by digital marketing, and to show the various benefits of digital marketing to businesses and consumers. With regards to methodology, the paper is written from a descriptive perspective. The differences between traditional and digital marketing were examined along the lines of target audience, marketing approach, documentation, Consumer interaction, marketing cost, marketing analysis, real time results, interruptions, strategy refinement and communication. The differences between them are quite profound. The major objectives of digital marketing were highlighted and about nine major components and channels of digital marketing that marketers can use to achieve their various objectives in the target market were examined. The link between employment and economic development, including the consequences of being unemployed and the benefits of being employed were briefly treated. There is also a brief on Nigeria’s digital market as at January 2022.The paper also outlined the benefits of digital marketing to consumers and a summary of digital marketing jobs worldwide was done. Since digital skills are needed in all spheres of life it is recommended amongst others that enabling governmental policies in developing countries should recognize non-traditional certificate programmes where quality on- line learning resources could enable both the old and the young to acquire certain digital skills. Developing countries educators should be able to design future-ready –curricula that will accelerate the acquisition of digital and STEM skills to match the way people will work and live. This is because the digital divide perpetuates the disconnect between technology, entrepreneurs and the skilled workers required to run a technology business.
Keywords: Internet, Job Creation, Digitalization, Digital Marketing, Traditional Marketing Target audience, Communication
THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AGENCIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN NIGERIA
*AISHATU MUSA YUSUF & **SALEH UMAR
*Department of Public Administration. Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State. **Department of Office Technology and Management. Federal Polytechnic Damaturu, Yobe State
Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to look into the function of entrepreneurship agencies in promoting entrepreneurship in Nigeria. This article looks into the challenges and issues that entrepreneurial agencies in Nigeria face. Based on in-depth interviews with ten Nigerian organisations in Yobe State, Nigeria, the research report took an explanatory qualitative technique. The study also revealed a number of issues faced by Nigerian entrepreneurial organisations, including poor programme planning and execution, general indiscipline among officials and recipients, insufficient money, and a lack of programme coordination. The study indicates the necessity for the Nigerian government, organisations, and entrepreneurs to recognise the importance and perceived benefits of entrepreneurship agencies in the development of entrepreneurship It is recommended that developing countries, notably Nigeria, implement a good strategic plan for profitably involving the youth because youths are seen as the nation’s future, and officials of these organisations and beneficiaries should be held accountable for their actions.
Keywords: entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship agencies, entrepreneurship development, entrepreneurial, Nigeria
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ARDUINO BASED MICROCONTROLLED LASER ALARM SECURITY SYSTEM
1ALIYU BUBA DAHIRU 2MOHAMMED KABIRU HALIDU 3ATEEQU MUSTAPHA SALIHI
1,2,3 Department of Computer Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This research looks at a laser security alarm system design model. Laser security systems appear to be difficult to install and only available to the ultra-wealthy. There are now hundreds of different laser-based security systems on the market that can guard everything from small apartments and companies to enormous tracts of land. A basic alarm unit and an infrared motion detector make up the majority of home laser security systems. A laser-based security system employs laser light and a light sensor to provide security and alert. What is the purpose of using lasers? It is well known that laser light travels vast distances without scattering (disturbing) and is only visible at the source and the destination. A sensor is required to analyze the source, and in this case, the usage of LDR is appropriate. Just analyzing isn’t enough; alerting should be done as well. In typically, alerting is a sound effect, thus in this case, the buzzer serves as an alert. A laser security system is created using this information. It is effective: A laser diode generates a laser beam that strikes the Light dependent resister sensors on a regular basis. When a human walks across the walkway, the laser is unable to reach the LDR, and the sensor generates a low, which is received by the controller, causing the buzzer to turn on.
Keywords: Security alarm; Laser light; Light sensor; Light dependent resistor; Buzzer
ICT AND NEWS GATHERING, NEWS REPORTING AND NEWS DISSEMINATION
KABIRU IDRIS MUHAMMAD
School of General Studies, Department of Mass Communication, Kano State Polytechnic
ABSTRACT
The 21st century can be described as the age of information technology. Technology runs almost all human endeavours. In recent times, Hate speeches have swerved from the use of traditional word of mouth to the use of social media. One of the major challenges of electioneering in the 21st century is that, due to the faceless nature of the internet, social media spreads propaganda, false information, and hate speeches, these go viral and are used to manipulate the population. This paper examines regulating social media as a way of checking hate speech.
Keywords: ICT, News, Reporting, Revolution, Globalization, Social
DETERMINATION OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN BY THEIR BODY MASS INDEX USING PERCENTILE TABLES
ADEYEMO, S.O; OFOMATA, A.I.O. (Mrs); & OKEREKE, I.C. (Mrs)
Maths and Statistics Department, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This is a descriptive study carried out to determine the nutritional status of children within the ages of four(4) to ten (10) years using their body mass index(BMI). Body Mass Index (BMI) is a statistical parameter used to determine the nutritional status/body weight efficiency of individuals, and it has been used in many countries for assessment of underweight, healthy weight, overweight and obesity in children and adults. The prevalence of obesity in children is increasing and is recognized as a risk indicator of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. The weights and heights of 600 (300 males and 300 females) sampled children were measured and their BMI was calculated as weight(kg)/height2( m2). under weight, healthy weight, over weight and obese children were identified using charts from pooled internationally accepted data age and sex specific cut -off points for BMI. The BMI ranges from 09.25kg / m2.to28.20Kg/m2 with a mean BMI of 15.02 kg/m2. The mean BMI for males was 15.33kg/m2 and that for females 14.71kg/m2. The prevalence of Underweight, Healthy weight, overweight and obesity were 16.33 , 64.34%, 12% and 7.33% respectively. More males were significantly malnourished than females. Most children had BMI within the normal range. The prevalence of malnourishment among children though predominantly low should be taken seriously, especially as it appears to be associated with improving socioeconomic status. School health education (physical activity and nutritional education) is recommended as preventive measures.
Keywords: Nutritional status; Body Mass Index, Weight, Height, Obesity
THE IMPACT OF CONVENTIONAL FOSSIL FUEL ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1980-2020).
*SALISU BABA MANU; **MUBARAK USMAN SANTALI; & **MOHAMMED IBRAHIM
*Department of Economics, School of Arts & Social Sciences. A.D. Rufa’i College of Education, Legal & General Studies Misau Bauchi State. **Department of Economics School of Arts & Social Sciences, Gombe State College of Education And Legal Studies, Nafada Gombe State.
Abstract
This paper estimates the impact of conventional/fossil fuel energy consumption and its component on economic growth in Nigeria using dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) by employing a sample of 36 observations covering the 1980-2018 period. The results indicated that conventional/fossil fuel and its component (Crude Oil and Dry Natural Gas) energy consumption slows down economic growth in Nigeria. This is attributed to the inefficiency in the use of fossil fuel energy in the country. The conventional/fossil fuel energy are highly polluting when used (burnt). On the other hand, the use of clean energy sources like solar, wind and hydropower which does not have a side effect on human health and the environment is less in Nigeria. As such, conventional/fossil fuel energy use can slow down economic growth by lowering productivity when there is inefficiency in the energy used. The study recommends that (1) The government should intensify action in support of policies that encourage private sector participation in the provision of electricity; (2) the government should encourage and support the utilization of the abundant renewable energy sources in the country (renewable energy components such as solar, wind and geothermal) which will not only increase the revenue base of the nation but also reduce the emission of hazardous pollutants associated with the use of non-renewable energy sources; and (3) greater commitment to achieving
Keywords: fossil fuel, dynamic OLS, energy consumption, economic growth
DETERMINATION OF OPTICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF LEAD SULPHIDE (PBS) THIN FILM USING CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION (CBD)
*1WANTE H.P (PhD); 2MIDALA I. H.; & 3AYIGUN S
*1&2Department of Science Laboratory Technology (Physics Unit), Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State. 3Department of Applied Physics, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State.
Abstract
In this study, lead sulphide (PbS) thin films were produced on glass slide substrates using a simple and easy-to-control approach, followed by large-area films, utilizing a chemical bath deposition method (CBD). The reactive substances used to obtained the PbS layers were (Pb(NO3)2), (NaOH), (SC(NH2)2) and H2O for different concentration and dipping times, at constant room temperature. The surface morphology was determined by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). Spectroscopy measurements of transmission, reflection, and absorption were used to determine the optical characteristics. Changes in dipping durations and reaction solution concentrations were used to alter the thickness of these films. Experiments revealed that the shape and optical characteristics of PbS films were modified by growth conditions and thermal treatment.
AUDITORS INDEPENDENCE IN NIGERIA: A CONCEPTUAL PAPER
1USMAN UMAR, 2 MUSA HABIB IBRAHIM, 3 ALIYU ABUBAKAR
1, 2,3College of Business and Management Studies, School of Business and Financial Studies, Kaduna, Polytechnic.
Abstract
In Nigeria nowadays, many corporations are skipping up and they also need to be educated on the role of auditing in their respective businesses. Not only that many individuals are getting more informed on investing, especially in the areas of shareholding, stock exchange and the like and therefore they need to be more adequately informed on auditing of accounts and also to apprehend the level of autonomy auditors have as they set out to audit accounts of companies, giving the Nigerians’ insolence to administrative system and corruption that has eaten deep into the society. Therefore, the study reviews auditors’ independence in Nigeria. The paper adopted structured review of related literature on audit independent in Nigeria. The study concluded that auditors’ From perspective of accounting professional body (ICAN), the most pertinent requirement of the professional conduct rule is conduct of professional obligation with neutrality and integrity. The auditor needs to appear to their work in essence of independency in fact and attitude of attention. The study recommends that there should be Regulatory agencies like ANAN and ICAN need to safeguard that tenure of procedure of audit firms is followed strictly as approved by these agencies as this is vital to guarantee independence and increase audit independence.
Keywords: Auditor, Independence, ICAN and Professional
IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL FINANCING ON MECHANIZED FARMING IN KAURA NAMODA ZAMFARA STATE
HUSSAINA O. TANKO1* AND CHRISTIANA JOSEPH ADAH2
1Department of Agricultural Extension Management, Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State. 2Department of Agricultural Business Management, Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of agricultural financing on mechanized farming in Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State, Nigeria. Descriptive Survey research design was used for the study. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. The study was carried out in Kaura Namoda Local Government Area of Zamfara State. The study targeted mechanized farmers. A total of 120 respondents were targeted by the study (constituting 94male farmers and 26 female mechanized farmers). Data was coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). On the sources of finance to mechanized farmers, it was discovered that credit from government, farmers’ cooperative societies, specialized agricultural bank, State agricultural cooperatives, commercial bank, financial cooperation, financial assistance from friends, relatives and merchant were available sources of mechanized farming in the study area. On the extent of government participation in mechanized farming, it was found that Federal government and central bank establishment of agricultural credit guarantee scheme fund, design of credit policy measures, Zero percent (0%) duty on agricultural machinery and equipment imports and Removal of restrictions on areas of investment and maximum equity ownership in investment by foreign investors were some of government’s contribution to mechanized farming in Zamfara State. On the challenges farmers face in mechanized farming in Zamfara State, the study found that degraded condition of agricultural soils, lack of adequate inputs at the right price and the right time, poor availability of mechanized inputs, lack of farmer’s skills were identified. Other challenges included high rate of illiteracy among farmers, lack of knowledge to operate mechanized equipment, high repair and maintenance cost and high cost of equipment needed for mechanized farming. The study concluded that the government in his quota has immensely contributed to the development of mechanized farming and it was also ascertained from the research that banks are willing to lend to qualified potential beneficiaries. The study recommended that Government agencies should formulate suitable policy interventions and enlightenment programmer for the farmers to educate them on matters concerning obtaining loans and benefits accrued to mechanized farming.
Keywords: farmers, agriculture, government, equipment’s, soils
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF DUST ACCUMULATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE USING CORRELATION AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS
*ENGR. ORISANAIYE BRUNO AKINJIDE; & **ENGR. ABUBAKAR IBRAHIM MUSA
*Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. **National Centre for Petroleum Research and Development (Energy Commission of Nigeria), Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The power output delivered from a photovoltaic (PV) module defends on the amount of solar irradiance which reaches the solar cells, meanwhile dust particles deposition are mostly responsible for limiting the amount of sun radiation reaching the solar cells, dust particles deposition on PV cells absorbs and blocks the solar radiation thereby reducing the solar power reaching the solar cell. Despite the significance of this, the effect of dust on the performance of solar panels have not been properly modeled, hence the need to study the resultant effects on the PV system. To carry out the study, a test bed for the measurement of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and cell temperature of an array consisting of 250 watts solar panel will be installed, also the weight of the dust deposition on the PV module will be measured and recorded using a high precision balance measurement. The data will be analyzed numerically. Unfortunately, however, traditional statistical methods do not always satisfactorily test hypothesized relationships with respect to multivariate (MV), non-linear and complex data analysis. Consequently, the two approaches (Regression and Correlation analysis using SPSS and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS) proposed in this research work are premised on the development of accurate predicting model on the platform of proven analytical approach and meta-heuristic technique that can accurately predict the effect of dust deposition on field deployed PV modules. It is expected that at the end of this research the resulting effect on the performance of the PV system by dust deposition can be understood and a suggestion to ensure optimal utilization of the system can be proffered.
MENDING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE TO FEDERAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COLLEGE, DAYI, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
ADEKANMBI, OLUKEMI OLABISI
Department of Agricultural Science Education, Federal College of Education, P.M.B 2041, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria.
Abstract
In most countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, agriculture is regarded as the engine of economic growth and development by way of improving food security, reducing unemployment and improving the livelihood of the rural communities. In Nigeria, women contribute about 45% of the food produced in the country. With the current food insecurity issues in Nigeria, it is therefore important to ensure that girls studying agricultural science in colleges are well equipped with basic practical agricultural knowledge and skills. This aspect is strengthened by the fact that research has proved there to be a positive correlation between agricultural education and agricultural productivity. Use of appropriate teaching approaches can ensure that the girls, some of who will be future farmers, have the basic knowledge and skills to carry out agricultural activities. This study investigated the effect of Cooperative Learning Approach (CLA) on girls’ academic achievements in agricultural science. A non-equivalent control group design under quasi-experimental research was used. Random assignment was done to place two of the selected colleges in the experimental group taught using CLA and two colleges in the control group taught using Traditional Learning Approaches (TLA). The instrument used was the Agriculture Achievement Test (AAT) which had a reliability Coefficient of 0.72. The data collected were analysed using t-test of independent samples. The null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of this study show an improved academic achievement in practical agriculture among the girls where CLA was used. Therefore, the use of CLA enhances the learning of agricultural science and the researchers recommend its use in teaching of agricultural science to Federal Science and Technology College to ensure increased acquisition of agricultural knowledge and skills.
Keywords: Academic achievement, Agricultural Productivity, Practical Agriculture, Cooperative Learning Approach.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INTEGRATION OF BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR HOSPITAL BUILDINGS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA: THE CASE FOR NEUROLOGY HOSPITAL
UMAR, MOHAMMAD BELLO1 AND DR. AKANDE OLUWAFEMI KEHINDE1
Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The design of neurology hospitals is one that encompasses a wide range of details and consideration which includes physiology, anthropology and psychology. The need for a good living environment that not only suits the people within but also blends well with the external environment is very important. Hence, this paper intends to assess the way the bioclimatic design principles work in the hospital buildings in Abuja. The emphasis of this paper is going to be on the neurology hospital. This assessment would primarily involve qualitative data from the hospital stakeholders in Abuja and secondarily review literature on the in line with the subject of the research. The data would be analysed through the use of chi-square statistical analysis method with the help of SPSS. The results from this paper will guide in directing the design and construction considerations as well as future research for hospital buildings for enhanced treatment and patients’ recovery.
Keywords: Neurology, Hospital, Bioclimatic, Environment, Design
TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION AND UTILIZATION OF INCLUSIVE, PARTICIPATORY, DEMOCRATIC TEACHING AND LEARNING INTERACTION IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL SOCIAL SCIENCE: IMPLICATION ON NATIONAL VALUES IN NIGERIA.
Abstract
The study sought to encourage the use of the Inclusive, Participatory, Democratic Teaching and Learning Interaction method by secondary school Social Science teachers. Specifically, the study investigated teachers’ perception and use of the Inclusive, Participatory, Democratic Teaching and Learning Interaction method in senior secondary school Government and Civic Education instruction in Calabar, Southern Education zone of Cross River State. The study also determined gender differences in perception and utilization of the Inclusive, Participatory, Democratic Teaching and Learning Interaction method. Three research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The descriptive survey design was adopted. The population consisted of 400 senior secondary school Social Science teachers in Calabar, Southern Education Zone. The sample consists of 100 Government and Civic Education teachers drawn through purposive sampling. The validated Perception and Utilization of the Inclusive Participatory, Democratic Teaching and Learning Interaction Questionnaire PUIPDTLIQ was used for data collection. A reliability coefficient of 0.71 was established for the instrument using the Cronbach’s Alpha method. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while the independent t-test was used test the hypothesis at 0.05 significant level. The findings showed that teachers have a positive perception and utilize frequently the Inclusive, Participatory, Democratic Teaching and Learning Interaction method. The study also indicated that there was no significant gender difference in perception and frequent utilization of the method. Based on the findings, it was recommended that a similar study should be carried out in other parts of the country. The study also recommended that the same studies should explore the influence of political, social and economic variables on students perception and attitude towards our national values.
Keywords: Teachers, Perception, Inclusive, participatory, Democratic, Interaction.
A REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY IN THE DESIGN OF RECREATIONAL FACILITIES IN CITIES.
JIBIR AUDU, YAKUBU USMAN MOHAMMED AND SIMON ELI
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Environmental Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi Adamawa – Nigeria
Abstract
The objective of the paper is to review the environmental and social psychology in the design of recreational facilities in cities. Data collection was carried out through literature review. The study opines that Recreation ranges from home entertainment such as playing and watching television, through passive activities such as strolling and playing cards, to active games and competitive sports. Outdoor recreation will be assumed to have no spatial or temporal boundaries or restrictions. Thus, outdoor recreation may take place anywhere, from an individual’s back yard to a local park to a distant location. And that recreational facility is a commercial, personal, private or public facility designed and equipped for the conduct of sports, leisure time and recreational activities, limited to indoor or outdoor camping, horseback riding, non-combustion engine water touring boats in contained bodies of water, canoe rentals, non-motorized outdoor bike trails, which ranges from stadia, gyms etc. The study discusses distinctiveness of environmental psychology, the relationship between social and environmental psychology to recreational facilities design, the place of environmental and social psychology in the recreational design process etc. The study concludes that it should be noted that for a recreational area to be successful, after acquisition of the physical setting, there is need to conduct studies on the environmental and social psychology of the area so as to achieve its purpose in creation
Keywords: Review, Outdoor recreation, Recreational facilities, Social and Environmental Psychology