THEME: THE GLOBAL REFOCUSING ON AFRICAN DEVELOPMENTS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN 21ST CENTURY
DATE: 29th April, 2022
VENUE: CONFERENCE CENTRE, UNIVERSITY OF GHANA, UNIGHANA, GHANA, WEST-AFRICA
ORGANIZERS: HARVARD RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT COMPONENTS OF PEARL MILLET VARIETIES (PENNISTEUM GLAUCUM L. WALP) IN MAIDUGURI, SAHELIAN SAVANNA OF NIGERIA
J A. Bassi,
Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069,
Maiduguri – Nigeria.
B.K. Adam
Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069,
Maiduguri – Nigeria.
S.Y. Simon
**Department of Crop Production and Horticulture
Modibbo Adama, University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State
Abstract
Field trials were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria to determine the growth and development components of pearl millet varieties. Four pearl millet varieties SOSAT-C-88, ZATIP and LACRI- 9707-C which were filled into RCBD design replicated three times. Pearl millet agronomic parameters, Number of tillers/plant, number of leaves/plant, plant height, number of days to 50% flowering were superior for ZATIP than SOSAT-C-88 and LACR-9702-IC. The number of tillers/plant, leaf area and grain yield/ha were significantly greater for SOSAT-C-88, tillers/plant, plant height and grain yield/ha were significantly least for LACRI-9702-IC which was the shortest and earliest flowering variety. Superior grain yields were realized for SOSAT-C88 and LACRI-9702-IC in both cropping season, except ZATIP, Although both the grain yield and straw yields were higher for SOSAT-C-88 which was the most suitable in the Sahelian Savanna.
Key words: Sahelian, Savanna, Pennisetum, Growth and Development,
“IGBA BOY”: AN IGBO INDIGENOUS STRUCTURE FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL WELFARE
Ikechukwu Anthony KANU
Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies
Tansian University, Umunya,
Anambra State
Abstract
The fundamental concerns of the politics of community development and social welfare include the creation of employment, promotion of income, food security, housing, and improving the conditions of the extremely poor and vulnerable, and the integration of these (vulnerable, marginalized, disadvantaged, etc.) into mainstream development. Among the Igbo of South-Eastern Nigeria, they had traditional structures with which they prospered the community and improved on the social welfare of her people, and some of these structures have endured to this time. One of these structures is the ‘Igba Boy’ incubator system for wealth creation. This piece, therefore, studied the contribution of the ‘Igba Boy’ system of commerce to the development and improvement of the welfare of Igbo society. It also studied the relationship between this Igbo apprenticeship system and the Igbo social structure of reality, the Igbo think-home ideology and the Igbo spirit of resilience. This piece established the centrality of the Igbo apprenticeship system in the creation of wealth over the years among the Igbo, thus, making the Igbo the most successful business men and women in Africa. The beauty of it is its simplicity. It is a system that does not take equity or require raising huge capital. It is driven by a human-platform and it works based on the Igwebuike philosophy that understands the other as a part of me, and thus making me responsible for the other. For the purpose of this research, the Igwebuike indigenous method of research is employed. This paper argued that there is the need for the government to invest in this incubator system for the creation of wealth and for the tackling of the problem of unemployment in Africa.
Keywords: ‘Igba Boy’, Social Welfare, Community, Development, Incubation, Apprenticeship System, Ingratiation
THE DEFICIT OF GOVERNANCE IN AFRICA: A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA
AKINDOYIN, Dare Isaac
Department of Political Science and International Relations.
Augustine University, Ilara-Epe,
Lagos State, Nigeria.
AKUCHE, Chukwuebuka Chukwuemeka
Department of Politics and International Relations.
Lead City University, Ibadan,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Good governance is indeed a major ingredient that sets apart countries in the global north from the countries in the global south. The deficit of good governance is one of the challenges of development in the modern state in Africa. African states occupy a paradoxical position, being rich in natural, mineral and human resources; however, they are grossly lacking in the ability to properly and sustainably channel these resources for achieving reasonable development. Citing Nigeria as a case study, this paper contends that, the deficit is really palpable. To be specific, examples of deficit of governance in Nigeria in this 21st century are: lack of good roads, epileptic power supply, health facilities that are in the state of dysfunctionality to mention a few. Given the foregoing, the present study makes a systematic and critical attempt at understanding the reasons for the deficit of governance and how the problem of the deficit can be sustainably addressed. The paper seeks to engage in a discursive analysis of the deficit of Governance in Nigeria, its major impact on the society at large, how this deficit affects the sustainability of democracy and the way forward in enabling democratic sustainability through good Governance in Nigeria. The study employs purely qualitative methodology with data sourced from secondary sources such as; newspapers, magazines, chapters in edited books, articles in scholarly journals, internet sources.
Keywords: Africa, Deficit, Democracy, Governance, Nigeria, Sustainability
GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN AKURE SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ONDO STATE.
Ogunlade, S.O
Remote Sensing/GIS section,
Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics,
The Federal University of Technology Akure,
Ondo State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study examined the spatial distribution of public secondary schools in Akure South metropolis, Ondo state Nigeria with a view to accessing the level of compliance of government to international standard for sustainable development. Primary and secondary data were used in the study. Primary data was collected using a handheld GPS receiver to capture the coordinates of the public secondary schools and other relevant data. Secondary data included administrative map, names and addresses of public secondary schools in the study area. The data obtained were analyzed using Geographic Information Techniques. From survey carried out in the study area a total of twenty-three public secondary schools were identified. 52.2% of the schools have certificate of occupancy (C of O). 47.8% have topographic survey plan, and 52.2% has no topographic survey plan. From the findings, some government schools land has been encroached by some individual and some of these school buildings were been erected without the use of appropriate plan. So, to avoid future conflicts in new establishments of schools and proper management, it is recommended that the sitting of public secondary schools by the Government in the study area should be done including accessibility factors in relation to population in accordance with the land use act and also there is need to create an information and communication technology unit that will be responsible with creating and managing of geospatial information that will aid decision making.
ETHICS IN ACCOUNTING PRACTICES AND ITS INFLUENCE ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
Ango Nuhu Aliyu (PhD)
Department of Business Administration,
Faculty of Management and Social Sciences,
Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai,
Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate and identify the importance of ethics in accounting practices and whether ethical accounting practices has any influence on the overall business performance and to create a guideline to encourage accounting professionals to understand and adopt ethical practices. The study explores how various demographical variables, specifically focusing on culture, gender and religion influence on an individual’s ethical decision-making process. The data used in this study was collected from the relevant literatures. The portals’ filters were used to identify the relevant literature to the research. The sample was chosen based upon the four themes including influence of ethical accounting practices on culture, gender, religion and impact on overall business performance. This study revealed that culture does not necessarily influence on ethical behaviour and decision-making. Conversely, a positive correlation has been found between the religion beliefs and ethical decision-making process. However, this research does not clearly point out the influence of ethical accounting practices and its influence on the business performance. This research also highlighted partial connections between how unethical accounting practices and fraudulent activities can become a threat to the business existence. The sample size and research technique restrict the results from generalising.
Keywords: Ethics, Business Performance, Accounting Practices, Decision-Making Process
CONFLICT AND POST-CONFLICT ISSUES IN AFRICA: A CRITICAL EVALUATION
’Bimbo Ogunbanjo
Department of Politics and International Relations,
ISM – Adonai University, Cotonou,
Republic of Benin.
Lead City University, Ibadan,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Since the late 1990s, there has been a growing awareness of the interrelationship between conflict and development, as well as peace and development, that has led to a greater understanding of correlations between the outbreak of violent conflict and under- or uneven development. Studies have revealed how developmental factors can trigger violence, but also, on a more positive note, how developmental factors can be instrumental in either preventing or ending violence and initiating post-conflict reconstruction. This paper sheds some useful light on conflict and post-conflict issues in Africa. It explores African development through the lens of violent conflict, highlighting the role of development in conflict as well as the effects of conflict on development. This paper briefly examines non-developmental and developmental explanations for violent conflict in Africa, specifically intra-state wars, before discussing the orthodoxy that development is an essential component of peace-building, focusing on the role of development in responding to violent conflict situations through the specific examples of peacekeeping and aid. This paper concludes that the poor understanding of the complex roots of Africa’s violent conflicts ensures that the continent is likely to continue to experience and suffer from violent intra-state wars.
Keywords: Africa, Conflict, Violence, Intra-State Wars, Development.
IHI ANU: AN INVESTIGATION INTO IGBO THERIANTHROPY
Ikechukwu Anthony KANU
Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies
Tansian University Umunya,
Anambra State, Nigeria
Abstract
Therianthropy is a phenomenon that has been observed in different parts of the world. In some cases, it exists as a mythology and at other cases it exists in the form of magic; at some other times, it is understood as a reality. However, within the context of Africa, the idea of shape-shifting goes beyond magic and mythology. It is neither a myth nor a magic. It is real. This piece focused on the idea of therianthropy from the Igbo perspective- to see how it might have emerged in the Igbo traditional society and evolved until this time. This research is significant to the understanding of African Traditional Religion in general given than the Igbo are the largest ethnic group of southeastern Nigerian with very strong religious organizations that have sustained and shaped her worldview for centuries. An understanding of this dimension of the Igbo religion, would, therefore, open up new vistas in the study of traditional religion in Africa. This piece responded to questions such as: How is therianthropy practiced among the Igbo? Was it just a social practice or a religious practice? Is there any connection between Igbo therianthropy and witchcraft? Can Igbo therianthropy be understood as totemism? What is the philosophy behind Igbo therianthropy? This work discovered that Igbo therianthropy occupies a fundamental place in Igbo traditional religion. Even though it has social implications, it is fundamentally a religious practice. For the purpose of this study, the phenomenological method of inquiry was employed in the collection of data, and the hermeneutic method of inquiry was patronized for the purpose of the interpretation of the data collected. The culture area approach in the study of religion was used, given that this study is limited to the Igbo speaking people of Eastern Nigeria
Keywords: Ihi Anu, Iyi Anu, Mmadu Igho Anumanu, Igbo, Africa, Nchoputa, Akuko
TRANSFORMING AFRICAN CITIES THROUGH PUBLIC SECTOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND CIVIL SERVICE REFORM: A BLUEPRINT
Umaru Mustapha Zubairu
Department of Entrepreneurship,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Suleiman Yakubu
Department of Estate Management,
Baze University,
FCT Abuja, Nigeria
Abstract
To develop a practical developmental blueprint which African cities can adapt to transform themselves into prosperous, vibrant and resilient cities. This paper adopts a qualitative research approach by conducting focus group interviews with three experienced civil servants in order to develop a workable blueprint that can guide African city leaders to improve the lives of their citizens. This paper suggests that combining public sector entrepreneurship and civil service reform is a viable strategy to transform African cities. However, two important prerequisites must be in place for success to be attained: Leaders with the political will and moral courage to truly serve their people. African cities must become proactive and rely on the resources, human and otherwise, that they possess to make themselves more liveable, prosperous and resilient; the current popular strategy of relying on foreign assistance exclusively as the way to success is foolhardy and naïve. The road to prosperous, vibrant and resilient African cities is a long and painful one, but one which we must take for Africa to truly achieve its potential. African leaders and its people must be willing to take this hard road of insistence on excellence, meritocracy and vibrant public entrepreneurship and civil service reform for things to getter better.
Keywords: Public sector entrepreneurship, Civil service reform, Political will, Moral courage, African cities
WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF PEARL MILLET VARIETY (PENNISTEUM GLAUCUM L WALP) IN MAIDUGURI, SAHELIAN SAVANNA OF NIGERIA
- A. Bassi
Department of Crop Production,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maiduguri
, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri,
Borno State, Nigeria.
W.B. Akanbi
Department of Crop Production and Soil Science
Ladoke Akintola, University of Technology, Ogbomoso,
Oyo State, Nigeria
Abstract
An experiment was conducted 2015 cropping seasons in the North East of Nigeria to examined water use of pearl millet varieties. The crops were grown on a sandy loam soil in spatial arrangement typical of husbandry practices of the region. The soil is characterized by rapid drainage and low water holding capacity. The results showed that pearl millet plant ,single leaf area, number of tillers, per plant were higher for SOSAT-C-88 than ZATIP or LACRI-9702-1C. Panicle diameter, panicle weight, grain yield per ha and straw yield were higher for SOSAT-C-88 than the other varieties.Results indicated that SOSAT-C-88 increase water use rate over LACRI-9702-IC and ZATIP variety as transpiration by this variety may be substituting for soil evaporation. Root zone water storage of was sufficient to maintain a long duration variety ZATIP that was able to make use of water that otherwise would have been lost to drainage during the dry season. As they was no evidence of water stress up to pearl millet harvest. SOSAT-C-88 variety increased the efficiency of utilization of soil water and produced higher growth and yield components. It is concluded that water supply may not be the most limiting constraints on crop production in such conditions.
Keywords: Pearl millet variety, water, soil depth, soil profile
NEWER ENERGY INTEGRATION ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENERGY DIVERSIFICATION FOR AFRICA DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY.
Okotie Lucky Edafe
Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technology
National Institute of Construction Technology and Management (NICTM),
Uromi, Edo State, Nigeria.
Steve O. Ikheloa
Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technology
National Institute of Construction Technology and Management (NICTM),
Uromi, Edo State, Nigeria.
Abstract.
This paper presents the recent advances in the grid management of solar photovoltaics (PV). The challenges and development related to the renewable power grid and hybrid power management issues are discussed with the salient methods and techniques to overcome the key power quality challenges and the future scope to overcome the grid penetration issues, especially variation in the intensity of energy sources and demand management.
REFOCUSING ON EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS: A VERITABLE TOOL FOR OFFICE TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT GRADUATES’ ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND 21ST CENTURY WORKPLACE
UKONU, Egbe Elizabeth
Department of Office Technology and Management
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria
HABU, Jingi Umar
Department of Office Technology and Management
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria
Abstract
This paper brings to the fore the essence of refocusing on employability skills as a veritable tool to make OTM graduates fit for entrepreneurship and the 21st century workplace. Employability is not just about getting a job, it is about a broader set of skills and attributes that will enable a graduate to be successful throughout their working life, whether self-employed or working of someone. Employability skills required by the OTM graduates includes but not limited to hard and soft skills. Hard skills are the technical skills that include ability to access and navigate the computer, word processing which is the ability to create, edit, save, retrieve and delete documents, ability to use the photocopier, ability to copy, move, rename, justify, centralise, left align documents, ability to scan, infact the ability to use the Microsoft Office package among others while soft skills include various skill set such as leadership, business management, time management, creative thinking and problem solving. Soft employability skills are vital for promoting innovation, business growth and competitiveness. As good as these skills are for smooth running of the 21st century office, there are some factors that hinder the acquisition of these skills, which include: lack of or inadequate Infrastructural facilities, inadequate funding of the education sector, lack of motivation to the lecturers by not constantly sending to workshops and conferences and even study fellowship leaves for training and retraining in their areas of specialization, and students not exposed excursion during their training. Based on the foregoing, the following recommendations were made: Office Technology and Management graduating students should endevour to familiarize themselves with all hard and soft skills necessary to make them relevant in the 21st century workplace, the Nigerian government should make enough funds available for the acquisition of instructional materials in Higher institutions of learning in Nigeria especially the polytechnics to acquire the relevant equipment among others.
Keywords: Refocusing, employability, entrepreneurship, OTM graduates, 21st century office
IMPACT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ON GROWTH AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICAN CONTINENT: A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA (2006 – 2020)
Omotayo Ajibike ADEKOLA,
Department of Accountancy,
The Polytechnic, Ibadan,
Oyo State, Nigeria
Segun Wale OLAYINKA,
Department of Accountancy,
The Polytechnic, Ibadan,
Oyo State, Nigeria
Khadijat Ayobami ADEAGBO,
Department of Accountancy,
The Polytechnic, Ibadan,
Oyo State, Nigeria
Jadesola Abiodun ADEPOJU
Department of Accountancy,
The Polytechnic, Ibadan,
Oyo State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study assessed the impact of small and medium scale on growth and economic development of African continent using Nigeria as a case study covering the periods of 2006 to 2020. The study was carried out due to the high value placed on small and medium enterprises in the world. The industry had been playing conspicuous role which had brought sustainability to most countries. The study adopted ex-post research design using time series data for the period of 2006 to 2020. Secondary source of data collection was employed and the data were obtained from statistical bulletin of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and Nigeria Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study indicated that a unit increase in explanatory variables result in increase in Gross Domestic Product, therefore, a significant positive impact exist between activities of small and medium scale enterprises and economic development of African continent. The study recommends that African continent should empower their small and medium enterprises and provide enabling environment which will encourage utilization of full capacities of resources which will enable exportation of goods and services, thereby increase their foreign earnings.
Keywords: SMEs, Growth, Economic development, Africa continent
HARNESSING ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSET TO TECHNICAL COLLEGE STUDENTS FOR SUSTAINABLE SELF-EMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Abubakar Ibrahim Muhammad, PhD
Metalwork Technology Department,
School of Secondary Education (Technical),
Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi
Kano State, Nigeria
Basheer Garba Fagge
Metalwork Technology Department,
School of Secondary Education (Technical),
Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi
Kano State, Nigeria
Abstract
Technical education is a bedrock for employment but the system is facing set back due to the lack of appropriate Entrepreneurial Mindset model. Consequently, developing a conceptual model is the main aim of this work for integration into technical college programs; thus sustainable entrepreneurship development in Nigeria enable the students to be self-employment after their graduation. The method employed to analysed the data is Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Accordingly, Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS), Version 23.0 was utilized to perform a CFA on the 201 respondents from the overall sample of 364 to determine if the factor structure needs adjustment. The result of the study shows a modified measurement model of the significant relationship between the responses of teachers and that of entrepreneurs on the 8 significant elements of entrepreneurial mindset needed by the students of technical colleges for sustainable self-employment in Nigeria. Therefore, going by the modified model it has been established that to achieve appropriate integration of entrepreneurial competencies into technical college programs, these significant elements of entrepreneurial mindset should be put into consideration.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Mindset; Technical College; Confirmatory Factor Analysis
EDUCATION 4.0 AND FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: THE CHALLENGE OF NIGERIAN COLLEGES OF EDUCATION
Dr. Aina, Jacob Kola
Department of Physics, School of Science Education,
Kwara State College of Education (Tech.) Lafiagi,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Mr. Aremu, Raufu Adekunle
Department of Computer Science, School of Science Education,
Kwara State College of Education (Tech.) Lafiagi,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Mr. Abdulrahman, Abdulgafar Opeyemi
Department of Integrated Science, School of Science Education,
Kwara State College of Education (Tech.) Lafiagi,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Mr. Abdulwasiu, Azeez Adebayo
Department of Building, School of Technical Education,
Kwara State College of Education (Tech.) Lafiagi,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Abstract
Education determines the development of any nation, making it critical for any industrial revolution. Education has revolutionized from 1.0 to 4.0. Education 4.0 for teaching and learning is to improve digital skills at all levels and increase the use of digital technologies in classrooms. Education 4.0 is a response to the needs of the fourth industrial revolution (4IR), where technological progress meets human needs. The 4IR focuses on the current and rapidly changing context in which emerging technologies and trends such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) are revolutionizing people’s lives and working environments. The script reviewed the features and prospects of education 4.0 and 4IR. The article argued that Nigerian Colleges of Education are teacher training institutions far away from education 4.0 in their curriculum, which is a challenge to 4IR. The paper highlighted some challenges of the Colleges like poor digital skills by the lecturers and inadequate ICT equipment. The authors believed these challenges are critical to education 4.0 and 4IR, which are crucial to the future of these institutions. The paper suggests that the current curriculum in Nigerian colleges of education has to be overhauled to make it entirely digital as a solution.
Keywords: Education 4.0, fourth industrial revolution, digital skills, curriculum, ICT
THE CHALLENGES OF AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT WITH THE USE OF AFRICAN INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES FOR ICT, MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY; YORUBA, HAUSA AND IGBO LANGUAGES OPTION.
I.K. Ojuope,
Department of Computer Science,
Aminu Saleh College of Education,
Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
A.O. Adetunmbi,
Department of Computer Science,
Federal University of Technology, Akure,
P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
O.E. Oyinloye,
Department of Computer Science,
Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti
Ekiti State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Prior to the advent of Europeans, all the Nigerian ethnic groups had their own distinctive cultures, traditions, languages and indigenous system of education. Their medium of instruction was their tongue (Fafunwa, 1996) as Reported by (Ojuope et al., 2021). The first formal (western) education was introduced in Nigeria in1843 by Christian missionaries; their aim was to convert the heathen African to Christianity through education. Nigerian formal education was patterned after the English system. The emphasis was on ‘English’ both in thought and culture ability to speak English fluently was considered the hallmark of excellence; and fast majority of Africans most especially Nigerians cannot read and write in English Language (Fafunwa, 1996) as Reported by (Ojuope et al., 2021). This among other things makes access to Information Technology (IT), Mathematics, Science and Technology a difficult task for this category of people. The inception of COVID 19 Corona virus pandemic disease has brought about the challenge of using virtual method of teaching Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Mathematics, Science and Technology a necessity where teaching and learning becomes virtual. This paper focuses on The Challenges of African Development with the use of African Indigenous Languages for ICT, Mathematics, Science and Technology; Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo Languages option. The use of indigenous language will go a long way to increase the scientific skills of those that cannot read and write in English language. It will also help the physically challenged individuals that have little or no access to quality education as a result of difficulties they face in learning and comprehension. From the report of World Health Organization (WHO) and World Bank (2011), physically challenged persons consist a significant proportion of the world’s population, about 15%. The paper observes the degree of efficiency of the use of African Indigenous Languages for ICT, Mathematics, Science and Technology. The design and methodology was based on the research work we carried out in one of the government school for handicap children in Nigeria. From the cognitive ability testing of the research, we found out that the students learn faster and easier with the use of Yoruba developed applications than English Language developed applications. Base on this, the use of African Indigenous Languages for ICT, Mathematics, Science and Technology is highly imperative.
Key words: African Development, Indigenous Language, ICT, Mathematics, Science , Technology, Virtual System, Education.
EFFECT OF FIRMS-SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS ON CORPORATE CASH HOLDING OF LISTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Shamsuddeen, Shehu Saeed
College of Business and Management Studies,
School of Business and Financial Studies,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna.
Kaduna State, Nigeria
Idris Ibrahim
College of Business and Management Studies,
School of Business and Financial Studies,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna.
Kaduna State, Nigeria
Abstract
Cash holding decision is one of the most significant decisions taken by the financial managers of any manufacturing firms. The decision not only depends upon the theoretical view but also the firm–specific variables of the economy. This study therefore examines effect of firm-specific characteristics on cash holding of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The population of the consist of 51 manufacturing firms listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange, while the adjusted population of 35 firms was arrived based on availability of data. Correlational research design was adopted. The study was anchored on free cash flow theory, trade-off theory and pecking order theory. Multiple regressions were employed to analyses data extracted from annual report of selected manufacturing firms in Nigeria from the period of 2012 to 2019. The result of the findings shows that growth opportunity and research and development have positive and significant relationship on corporate cash holding. However, negative and significant relationship was found between leverage and corporate cash holding. In line with the findings, the study therefore recommends that managers should rationally presume that a firm with high quick asset replacements, high debt, and equity expense should maintain lower cash holdings. If for the unusual object, a firm with high quick asset delegates, high debt, and equity expense has high cash holdings, this force is a flag of a potential agency conflict. Furthermore, managers of manufacturing firms should not settle too much cash on their hands because it will lead to deterioration in the market for capital.
Key word: Cash holding, Decision, Firms, Manufacturing.
A CRITIQUE OF LEGAL PARAMETERS FOR TERMINATION OF MASTER/SERVANT EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT IN NIGERIA
ATSENUWA, Kenneth Bawo
Law, School Of General Studies,
Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku,
Delta State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This paper employs the doctrinal research method in appraising contemporary case laws and statutory provisions underlying the nature of, and legal parameters for determination of master/servant relationships in Nigeria. This paper concludes that whereas the employer has seemingly unfettered powers to hire and fire employers under master/servant contracts, this power must be exercised within the confines of the agreed contractual terms and within the ambits of the law to ensure its validity and obviate the intervention of the courts. This paper recommends that employees whose employments are wrongfully terminated should seek remedy in the form of compensation in damages rather than sue for reinstatement which is not the appropriate remedy in master/servant employment contracts.
Keywords: Critique, Parameter, Determination, Master/Servant, Employment, Contracts
CASE STUDIES OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENTACTIVITIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL NGOS IN JOS METROPOLIS
HABILA, OptimistYohanna,
Tertiary Education Trust Fund,
No. 6, Zambezi Crescent, Off AguiyiIronsi Street,
Maitama,FCT Abuja, Nigeria.
BOGORO Audu Gani
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
LUMI Zaman
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
In recent times, Jos metropolis has witnessed a rapid increase in the number of NGOs involved in environment related interventions,but the NGOs involved in solid waste management and the specific solid waste management initiatives these NGOs carry out in the metropolis has not yet been fully exploited. This study was aimed to identify NGOs involved in solid waste management operations in Jos metropolis and assess the specific solid waste management activities they carry out. Using purposive approach, 115 NGOs were identified in the study area and questionnaires administered to them all. The study results revealed that 50% of NGOs in the metropolis are involved in different solid waste management intervention initiatives, and that Environment is the fourth (11.3%) major thematic area of intervention of NGOs in the metropolis. The finding revealed eight different types of activities embarked upon by NGOs in solid waste management in the study area: Community sensitisation and mobilisation (25.0%), capacity building (17.5%), sanitation and garbage collection (15.0%), advocacy/policy (12.5%) and Monitoring and Evaluation and direct service delivery each accounting for 10.0%. Waste/garbage transportation and dumping comes in seventh (7.5%), while composting sits eighth on the log, contributing 2.5%.Featured in the selected Case Studies of specific solid waste management activities of the NGOs areCentre for Healthcare and Economic Empowerment for Women and Youth(CHCEEWY) which activity is waste removal and public education on waste disposal in Tudun Wada, Jos North, followed by Balm of Gilead Empowerment Mission International (BOGEMI) which activity is evacuation of Three Trash-blocked Wells at school for the Blind, Zawan, Jos South. Also covered isTearfund’s work through funding of the Jos Green Centre (JGC) to carry out waste collection and recycling in Jos metropolis, and that ofFlame of Hope Centre for Poverty and Disease Control which wascommunity mobilisation and evacuation of waste at Bassa LGA. Finally, the activities of AfriFoundation Agenda for Sustainable Environment (AFASE) on Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Audit on GSM Masts in Jos metropolis and Lead Posioning Audit at Wase LGA as well that for Civil Liberties Organisation (CLO) and the Plateau Environmental Coalition, a policy initiative tagged ‘Advocacy for Review of Policy on Ecological Justice in Plateau state’. It is recommended that the Plateau State government considers NGOs as partners in progress and adopt an all-encompassing frame work that allows for their active participation including all relevant stakeholders in the various environmental activities embarked upon by the responsible government agencies. Similarly, other local and development partners with interest in environmental management need to assist the NGOs by partnering with them through funding, technical support, research among other things.
Keywords: Environment, NGOs, Solid Waste Management
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PEARL MILLET [PENNISETUM GLAUCUM (L.) R. BR.], COWPEA[VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.)] AND COWPEA SOWING DATES IN MAIDUGURI, NORTH EASTERN, NIGERIA
- A. Bassi,
Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri,
Borno State Nigeria.
- Aliyu
Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri,
Borno State Nigeria.
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 rainy seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Production, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri (11047N; 12016E) to determine the comparative analysis of Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.], Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.)] and cowpea sowing dates. The treatments consisted of three pearl millet varieties: ZATIP, SOSAT-C-88 and LACRI-9702-IC, two cowpea varieties: Borno Brown and IT 89 KD- 288 and four cowpea sowing dates: 0 weeks after sowing millet (WASM), 1 WASM, 2 WASM and 3 WASM. The experimental design was Split-Split plot with the pearl millet varieties allocated to the main plots, cowpea varieties assigned to the sub-plots and cowpea sowing date assigned to the sub- sub plots in 1:1 alternate row arrangement, and replicated three times. The results showed that in 2015, 2016 and the combined mean, Plant height, number of branches/ plant, grain yield/hectare and were significantly greater for Borno Brown than IT 89 KD- 288 variety. Delaying cowpea sowing date by three weeks after sowing the millet component decreased number of branches, grain yield and fodder yield in cowpea. The SOSAT-C-88 and Borno Brown intercrop produced the highest grain yield of pearl millet in both the years and the combined mean. The cowpea variety Borno Brown was more competitive with pearl millet at simultaneous ( 0 WASM ) or 1 week after sowing millet that had greater grain yield than IT 89 KD- 288. Fodder yield and pod yield were greater for Borno Brown intercropped with LACRI-9702-IC or SOSAT-C-88 than IT 89 KD- 288 intercropped with ZATIP. Linear relationships among agronomic parameters of cowpea revealed that, pod yield, grain and fodder yield increased significantly with increase in plant height and number of branches
Keywords: Vigna, pennisetum, dates, pearl.
ADOPTING RELATIONAL APPROACHES TO PEACE EDUCATION FOR AFRICA’S DEVELOPMENT
Raphael Terhemba Tayol PhD,
Department of English,
Benue State University, Makurdi,
Benue State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Cordial interrelationship enhances peace for development. The problem is that humanity does not seek to unravel the potentials of relational intrigues and its significance in relationship to attain peace around its environs. The emphasis in this paper lies in the possibility of harnessing patterns of non-violent relational attitudes of peace toward each other with the hope that individuals can adapt fairness, justice, equity, and human dignity along with other values in the instances of social interaction in relationships. Through a Relational Approach to peace education, this paper emphasizes the adoption of non-domination approaches that encourage the recognition of human values and cooperation as prominent and vital relational precepts that can nurture peace at individual, interpersonal, and group levels of inter-relationships. The paper suggests the projection and adoption of (localised) formal and informal sporting complexes to enhance social interactions, localised trade fairs aimed at encouraging socio-economic relations for community stability, the revival of cultural festivals for the restoration of societal values and aesthetics among others. The aim of this is to illustrate the consequences of the absence and the significance of the presence of these precepts in relationships both at the individual and community levels to the attainment of peace in African communities. The further recommends the adoption and implementation of these relational approaches so as to encourage legitimate co-existence and friendship through mutual recognition of the existence of others for peace and development in Africa.
Keywords: Relational peace, Peace education, non-dominance, legitimate coexistence, mutual recognition
THE DESIRED CHANGES FOR RESULT ORIENTED REPORTS IN BASIC EDUCATION DELIVERY IN NIGERIA.
Dr. Chijioke J. Onwuzurike
Department of Director Special Programme,
Universal Basic Education Commission,
Abuja, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This paper will critically look at the overall meaning of Inclusive Education, Curriculum and Basic Education in line with the current understanding. To understand where the nation is coming from in traditional Basic Education Curriculum and pave way for what is required, the author will discuss curriculum obtained in the past, present and the contemporary desired one towards global refocusing of Africa competitive capacity. To analytically present the desired curriculum, the concept of inclusive education will be conversed to showcase how ensuring one of the desired inclusive education procedure should be made in order to meet the global standards in the current Sustainable Development Goal number 4 and the educational needs of all at basic education levels in Africa. In addition, the current efforts of basic education managers in Nigeria basic education institutions that were used as a case study would be presented because the study conducted on evaluation of the implementation of inclusive education curriculum with reference to availability of Assistive Technologies intends to reveal situation in the basic education institutions particularly in Plateau State. Furthermore, the paper hopes to conclude by providing the implication of continuous operation of the present curriculum with the report obtained in the field and the role it will play in basic education in Africa at long run. Finally, necessary recommendation will be made as guide towards successful implementation, incessant practices and domestication of the world’s desired inclusive basic curriculum to enable African governments at this levels and relevant stakeholders realize provision of adequate education for all as anticipated globally since 2016 and establishment of SDGs.
Keywords: Assistive Technologies, Basic Education, Curriculum, Implementation Inclusive Education and Policy.
USING SMART PHONES-BASED APPS, COMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) IN REAL ESTATE PRACTICE.
Ifediora, Christian Osita
Department of Estate Management,
Ajayi Crowther University Oyo,
Oyo State, Nigeria
Efobi, Dumebi Jessica
Department of Estate Management,
Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu
Abstract
The world has advanced technologically to the extent that information can be assessed anywhere around the globe in the comfort of ones living room. Moreso, with the coming of pandemic which also help advanced the course of online transaction, it becomes imperative to explore technological advancements that were made in order to navigate through those challenges. It is based on the above that this study explored the application of GIS vis-à-vis the use of GCP/GPS, phone-based apps, google earth interface, and others on real estate practice. The study illustrated practical steps taken via the use of GCP/GPS as well as google earth interface. The findings indicated that GCP/GPS can be used to gather location information of properties/location whereas the google earth interface can be used to do a variety of things, including getting directions and distance of places as well as measurement of length/areas of land and landed properties. It is expected that the illustrations provided will further help professionals especially who are yet to embrace the new way of carrying out certain task in relation to real estate will aid them in their service delivery.
Keywords: GCP, GIS, GPS, Real Estate, Professional Practice.
Design and development of A PROTOTYPE AUTOMATIC SLIDING HOME GATE WITH A WIRELESS CONTROL SYSTEM
Barnabas Mathias
Department of Computer Engineering,
Federal Polytechnic Mubi, PMB 35, Mubi
Adamawa State, Nigeria
Aliyu Buba Dahiru,
Department of Computer Engineering,
Federal Polytechnic Mubi, PMB 35, Mubi
Adamawa State, Nigeria
Hayatu Saad Girei,
Department of Computer Engineering,
Federal Polytechnic Mubi, PMB 35, Mubi
Adamawa State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this work is to design and construct a prototype automatic sliding home gate with a wireless control system. The operation of manual home gate is not only cumbersome but tiring. Therefore, the development of automatic home gate with wireless controlled system proof important. In this research, a prototype of automatic sliding home gate with wireless control system is implemented. The research was fully developed using radio frequency signal transmission and reception system, microcontroller and DC motor. The final prototype design shows that signal is generated by a transmitting handheld remote control at ultra-high frequency. The signal is decoded by the reception module to give out a digital output. The digital output is coupled to a microcontroller which makes a decision to either open or close the gate by driving a direct current stepper motor logically based on the previous conditions.
Keywords: Sliding gate, Wireless control system, Microcontroller, DC Motor, Magnetic switch
UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE WITH OBSTACLE DETECTION AND AVOIDANCE SYSTEM
Buba Aliyu Dahiru,
Department of Computer Engineering Technology,
School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria
Muhammad Hassan Yakubu
Department of Computer Engineering Technology,
School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The goal of this article is to warn civilians and military people of probable terrorist attacks, particularly in military zones equipped with live detectable sensors. The two main concerns that have been highlighted in this research in terms of hardware, software, and communication settings are the design and development of a robotic car with obstacle detection and avoidance. The system was built using the Arduino platform, an Android application, and Bluetooth technologies. The design and use of a robotic automobile employing sensor programming is given in this work. This robotic device was created in collaboration with an Android-based smartphone. Arduino Uno is brain of the robot. Numerous hardware components are included in the robot which comprises a Bluetooth module, PIR sensor, ultrasonic sensor, and buzzers. An android operated mobile application was used as a computer program. The user of the robotic automobile can control the movement of the car by selecting the desired direction using a Bluetooth mobile application. The user can use his own intelligent device to control the robot’s motions, or decide to put the robot in automatic mode and let it drive itself. In this way, the robot can avoid the obstruction while also detecting live object.
Keywords: Android Devices, Robotic Car, Obstacle Detection, Bluetooth module, PIR Sensor.
NECESSITY OF TOTAL ICT PATRONAGE TOWARDS PRESERVATION OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AGAINST RAVAGING INSECURITY IN NIGERIA
Dr. Adeleke, I. A.
Computer Science Department, EACOED, Oyo
Abstract
The security echelon in Nigeria is of great concerned to all and sundry. Meanwhile, no region of this country is secured again and this insecurity palaver gradually extended to every boundary of this nation. Thus, every hand is on desk and series of strategies have been employed to combat this seems endless challenge in 21stcentury. However, it is quite unfortunate that even with different Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools available, there is a mass failure in clinching into the total utilization of it. Therefore, this paper is enlightening us as Nigerians to rise up and employ ICT devices to deliver ourselves from the mess of life wastage and property profligacy confronting us. It will equally open our eyes to the critical and fantastic role that ICT can play in strengthening Nigeria’s national security against potential and future attack because the new technologies are accessible for information acquisition, preservation, maintenance and security issues and training of users. Specifically, these ICTs will help enabling the nation to identify potential threats, share information more readily, provide mechanisms to protect the nation, and build up response capabilities. For the purpose of this research work, 420 respondents which include security agencies, government officials as well as people in the nation were involved as participants with twenty five (25) statements designed as Google form questionnaire format used for gathering data. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used as Chi-square tool for data analysis of information collected from the respondents. It was discovered that most of security agencies do not have good skill and knowledge of the use of most tools while some use them for other things else. Also, government fails to play their part in not providing sufficiently enough ICTs for security agencies and the people in the nation to protect themselves against the criminals. The government of this nation, security agencies and the entire citizens are therefore advised to fully explore ICTs to life security and preservation of property in this nation.
Keywords: insecurity, criminals, preservation, property, ICTs and IMS.
EFFECT OF DISPUTES OVER LAND DEVELOPMENT IN THE COMMUNITY OF OFFA KWARA STATE
Esv.Uwaezuoke Ngozi Ifeayin,
Estate Management & Valuation Department,
Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Arc Tomori Jumoke Mulikat
Architecture Department,
Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Tpl. Moshood Shola Ibrahim,
Transportation Planning & Management Department,
Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Esv. Oladoja Ismaila Olawale.
Estate Management & Valuation Department,
Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Abstract
Land dispute in Nigeria is problem that occur either states, communities, and individual land within any environment since the origin of the country most especially western part that consist of Oyo state, Ogun State, Ondo state, Ekiti State, Osun State and kwara State which Offa and Erinile crisis( community land dispute) and Offa individual land dispute occur. The research work base on individual land dispute in Offa part of Nigeria that occur from and still continue to exist according to series of cases which it call for intervention of government. The methodology apply is questionnaire which 35 questionnaire administered to the individual of Offa, 25 to staff of local government and magistrate court. The sample apply is cluster sample technique. Finding indicate that system of inheritance, the boundary of the land and system of purchasing. Recommendation is that government should enlighten the public on land registration, registered estate surveyors and valuers should be employ to each local government, government should create law enforcement agency that will punish those found guilty.
Keyword; Ownership Right, Physical Development, Conflicts, Environment, Land Resources.