THEME: SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN AWAKENING FOR 21ST CENTURY CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES.
DATE:31st August, 2022.
VENUE: UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA, ABUJA, FCT, NIGERIA.
ORGANIZERS: NIGHTINGALE PUBLICATIONS & RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS:
CASSAVA PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW
PROF. MUSA, S.M.1, SAMUEL, E. B.2, SANI, M.3, MARI, E.2
1Department of Agricultural and Bio-Resource Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, P.M.B. 0248, Bauchi State, Nigeria. 2Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology, School of Agricultural Technology, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. 3Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology, School of Engineering Technology, the Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism. Food is usually meant for human beings, animals and plants and should contain the essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins or minerals. Food substances are digested by an organism and assimilated by the organism’s cells to provide energy. However, preservation of food remains a big problem affecting many crops including cassava. This study is aimed at reviewing the level of cassava production, processing and utilization in Nigeria.Cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) is a starchy tuberous root crop belonging to the family of Euphurbiaceac. After rice, sugarcane, and maize, it is the fourth source of dietary energy in the tropical region and the ninth globally. Nigeria is currently the largest producer of cassava in the world with an annual output of over 34 million tons of tuberous roots.Indeed, it is grown by almost every household in Nigeria. Some of the principal recommended cultivated varieties in Nigeria include; TME419, TMS90257, TMS 91934, TMS81/00110, TMS82/0066. Machines for cassava processing are made to replace the hand-operated method (manual) and to increase output to attain the required demand for food, fiber, and materials. Suitable mechanization and automation are vitally needed to achieve the desired end product which include among others the following: garri, flour, apku, (fufu), dan wake, chips, starch, bread. Cassava performs five main roles: Famine reserve, Rural staple food, Cash crop for urban consumption, Industrial raw materials and Foreign exchange. Constraints in cassava production include a wide range of technical, institutional and socioeconomic factors. These include pests and diseases, agronomic problems, land degradation, shortage of planting materials, food policy changes, access to markets, limited processing options and inefficient/ ineffective extension delivery systems. Cassava is a major source of carbohydrates in human diet. It is widely cultivated and serves as a major source of income in countries like Nigeria, Brazil, India and most West African countries. The tubers of cassava cannot be stored longer after harvest before decaying. Due to this short storage period of the tubers, cassava tubers are further processed into other forms to enhance its storage and to serve other purposes.
KEYWORDS: Cassava, Garri, Production, Processing, Utilization
THE PHYSICIAN NOT THE DISEASE: IMPLICATION OF CLINICAL IATROGENESIS ON HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM IN KEFFI, NIGERIA.
ULAGBA EMMANUEL MSC.a, RICHARD GOJI ABEL, PhDb, MARTHA JAMES ABEL, MSC.c, DORIS LAMI MADUGUd, ASSENMBOH JOSHUA HARUNA MSC.e
a Department of Sociology Kwararafa University Wukari, Taraba State. bDepartment of Geography Kwararafa University Wukari, Taraba State cDepartment of Environmental Science, Bayaro University Kano. dDepartment of Sociology, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State e Department of Sociology, Kwararafa University Wukari, Taraba State.
Abstract
Clinical iatrogenesis is seen as an “epidemic” that has bedeviled the modern medical institution that is being practiced in the hospital/clinics. This study was set to find out the implications of this epidemic on health delivery in Keffi. It aimed to find out the factors responsible for persistent occurrence of clinical iatrogenesis in Keffi town, its implications on health delivery and then proffer solutions that will curb its existence for an effective health delivery in Keffi and Nigeria at large. The data used for the study were collected through the administration of questionnaires, focus group discussions and observations made on the sampled population. Data were qualitatively analyzed in simple frequency and percentage table based on the one hundred and ten retrieved questionnaires. Misdiagnosis, illegible handwriting, wrong prescriptions, unnecessary/wrong surgical operations, improper keeping of patient’s records, impatience of practitioners, the monopolistic nature of practitioners over patients among other factors were discovered to be the causal factors to clinical iatrogenesis. This has negative implications on health delivery in Keffi. Thus, the government should encourage the training of more medical practitioners, in-house training/seminars/workshops to update practitioners’ knowledge on the use of modern tools, development of an effective policy that will ensure that negligent practitioners are appropriately discipline, disclosure of practitioners’ negligent acts among others. This will eradicate or reduce the occurrence of clinical iatrogenesis in Nigeria.
Keywords: Implication, Clinical iatrogenesis, health delivery
FLOOD VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT IN THE GBAKO RIVER BASIN, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
ALFA, MOHAMMED ALHAJI; & SULEIMAN, M.Y.
Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
Floods are among the most devastating natural disasters and cost many lives every year. It is reported that flood disasters account for about a third of all natural disasters (by number and economic losses). Nigeria is no exception to countries that experienced flood in recent time. Flood vulnerability of the communities inhabiting the flood plain of the Gbako river, Niger State, Nigeria was investigated. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative approach such as field survey, interview, questionnaire and geospatial techniques to achieve the objectives. The geospatial techniques was utilized to generate flood vulnerability map and create a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the study location. Questionnaire was also randomly administered to ascertain the adaption strategies and coping capacities of the communities in the study area. The result indicate that a greater number of families, household, cultural heritage are all prone to flood and that flood events impacted on the peoples livelihood by way of destruction to farm produce, food and cash crop, water and sanitation, low and poor harvest with dire consequences on socio-economic lives of the populace. The results also indicates that the area with elevation of between 42 meters and 123 meters above the sea level are vulnerable to flood with severe consequences for the inhabitant of the study area. The result also revealed that migration, evacuation, relocation to higher ground of the safer area are the adaption strategies to flood events in the study area. Conclusively, with the percentage of the inhabitant and community affected by flood and the critical infrastructure that are damaged, the study location and its habitants are severely vulnerable to flood. It is therefore recommended that flood control structures or buffer zone should be created in areas of high and moderate vulnerability effect and Multi-sectoral approach to flood mitigation as opposed to single sector should be promoted as there are inter-linkage in terms of flood effect on various aspect of society.
Keywords: Flood, Flood vulnerability, Gbako river, and Flood plain
ASSESSMENT OF pH, PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND IN-VITRO GAS PRODUCTION ON SWEET POTATO VINE SILAGE TREATED WITH ADDITIVES
KUTTU JULIUS MUSA; ABDULWAHAB ISMAIL HARBAU; HUSSAINI USMAN; RAHILA ISYAKU; NIMAT ADISA; & LOOKMAN MAIGARI
Department of Agricultural Education, School of Secondary Education (Vocational), Federal College of Education (Tech) Bichi, Kano State
Abstract
This study looks at the assessment of pH, proximate composition and in-vitro gas production on sweet potato vine silage (SPVS) treated with additives at three weeks. Two varieties of sweet potato vines silage (SPVS) were made with no additive as control T1, with molasses T2, with urea T3 and with yeast T4. The data collected was analyzed using chat in Microsoft Excel office Software for pH. ANOVA was used to analyze proximate composition and in vitro gas production using SPSS version 20, where significant differences occurred, the means was separated using general linear model. The results showed that though both King J and Dan china varieties had acidic pH values, King J had a better silage compared to Dan china variety of SPVS on control, molasses, urea and yeast with the following pH values; 5.3, 4.8, 6.1 and 5.6 on control, molasses, urea and yeast for King J variety, while Dan china Variety had 5.6, 4.9, 6.4 and 6.4 on control, molasses, urea and yeast. On additives, molasses produced the best silage for both varieties with pH values 4.8 and 4.9 for King J and Dan china varieties respectively. On proximate composition, results showed that Ash, OM, CF, EE, NFE, ADF, DMI, DDM and RFV (%) were significantly different (P˂0.05) on the King J and Dan china varieties of SPVS on all additives. The results for in vitro gas production showed that King J and Dan china varieties were significantly different (P˂0.05) at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 21 and 24hrs except 15hrs on all the additives. In conclusion, this study confirmed that the addition of molasses, urea, and yeast improved silage quality of two varieties of sweet potato vines silage including the control, with molasses as superior additive for both varieties in terms of silage, proximate composition and in vitro gas production. Molasses, urea and yeast are said to be recommended as additives in silage making using sweet potato vines.
Keywords: pH, Proximate Composition, In Vitro, Silage and Additive.
BACTERIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TIGER NUT DRINK (KUNU AYA) SOLD IN SHEHU IDRIS COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY MAKARFI, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
MBOCHI C. A2, LABBO, Z1., OLUKOTUN, G.B1*., SHANU M. A2, BAMAI, E. A., ADEOYE, B.A.1, EGBULEFU, C. S.1, MAKANJUOLA, D.O.5, ZAMANI, P. A.4, ADEGBITE, I.A.1, OLUYOMI, C. D. AND AHMADU J. H.1
1National Biotechnology Development Agency, Musa Yaradua Express Way, Lugbe, FCT, Abuja, Nigeria. 2Nutrition and Dietetics dept., School of health, Makarfi, Kaduna State, Nigeria. 3 Ministry of Agriculture, Divisional Veterinary Clinic, Keffi, Nassarawa State, Nigeria. 4Environmental Health Science Department, School of Environmental Health Sciences, SICHST, Makarfi, Kaduna State, Nigeria. 5Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Studies, Kaduna Polytechnic, Nigeria
Abstract
Kunu Aya (tiger nut drink) is regarded as one of the popular indigenous drinks produced mostly in the North. The research aim to determine the bacteriological properties of Kunu Aya sold in Shehu Idris College of Health Sciences and Technology Makarfi Kaduna State. Objectives included to determine the microbial properties, the bacteriological load of the drink, and the health implications associated with its consumption and to carry out intervention in educating the local beverage producers on hygiene practices. Study design was experimental. Four samples bought, coded (A,B,C, and D) are taken for bacteriological analysis. The result revealed the presence of staphylococci species, Eschericheria coli and Coliform in all the samples. Bacteriological load varies in ranges of 4.5 x 103, 5.0 x 103, 6.0 x 103and 7.0 x 103for Staphylococcus aureus in sample C,A,B, and D respectively. Coliform species was in the range of 1.3 x 104, 1.4 x 104, 1.0 x 104 and 1.8 x 104. Sample D had the highest coliform species while the least was in sample C with 1.0 x 104. Health issues associated with the consumption of these drinks include diarrhea, fever, stomach cramp which if not handled properly can be fatal. Hence, the need for producers and vendors of Kunu Aya to take hygienic measures in preparation, storage of the product to avoid food infection and intoxication associated with the micro-organism.
MYTRANSCRIPT: AN ACADEMIC TRANSCRIPT DECENTRALISED web APPLICATION system BASED ON THE ETHEREUM BLOCKCHAIN
ONWUASOANYA N.C; & EZE B.E.
Department of Computer Engineering, Federal polytechnic Ilaro.
ABSTRACT
MyTranscript is an academic transcript web application built on blockchain technology. The system leverages the Ethereum blockchain to create a decentralised academic transcript database whose aim is to simplify academic transcript sharing among network participants (the Institution, the Student, and an Employer) while providing the security benefits of a decentralised system. For privacy reasons, the system implements a restriction to only allow an Employer access to records he has been permitted to view. This access is given only by the Student whose record is concerned. However, the Institution have unrestricted access to Students’ academic transcript. The system is built on the latest software technologies: Node.JS, REACT, Truffle etc., that enhances security and provide intuitive user interfaces for better interactions among its participants. The immutability, unique hashing algorithms, timestamps and transparency provided by a blockchain network makes records stored and generated on this system trustworthy and prevents the occurrence of counterfeits documents being distributed by cyber criminals. The testing phase of the development cycle was done immediately after each system logic function was implemented to avoid the debugging difficulty that comes with ambiguous codes, using dedicated JavaScript tests libraries: chai, mocha, and chai-as-promised. The application was built to be responsive, so, page contents were optimised and arranged to display perfectly across the different device screen sizes the system was tested on. The result during system use performed as expected, although, there is a significant drop in speed during activities involving the system interaction with the blockchain. All other activities, such as page navigation, exam record arithmetic, and page preview had no noticeable delay with response occurring instantaneously.
Keywords: Blockchain, Ethereum, Transcript, Decentralised system, Intuitive User Interfaces, Hashing algorithms
EFFECT OF JOB STRESS ON PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES IN KEFFI LOCAL GOVERNMENT SECRETARIAT, NASARAWA STATE.
1AHMED ALIYU TANKO, 2AHMADU LADAN KAMBARI & 3NDAM DINDUL.
1 Department of Business Administration & Management, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State – Nigeria. 2Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State – Nigeria. 3Department of Business Management, College of Arts, Science and Technology Kurgwi, Plateau State – Nigeria.
Abstract
Employees are expected to perform their duties diligently to enhance work ethics in their respective units by coming up with something good and unique but this is often not achieved in practice because job stressors like workload, depression and salary have seriously impacted on performance of employees with an alarming increase of economic consequences. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of job stress on the performance of employees in Keffi Local Government (KLG). Survey method was used and data was collected using a well structure questionnaire which was analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Regression Analysis to test the formulated hypotheses with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22 for analysis of data and a sample of 150 respondents using Taro Yamane’s simplified formulae. The results showed that workload, depression and salary are positively related to performance in KLG with statistical significance. The study concluded that job stressors affects employee performance. In light of these, the study recommended that management of the KLG should ensure that job stress is reduce through employing qualify and professional personnel to reduce the workload, build recreational centre for relaxation and adequately equip it to alleviate the depression and encourage employee to go for annual leave, employees should be made aware of any changes in salary and give room for contributions to improve performance and seminars, workshops should be organized for employees’.
Keywords: Employee, job, performance, stress and stressor.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY SAVER FOR AUTOMATIC ROOM LIGHT CONTROLLER WITH VISITOR COUNTER
UMAR MOHAMMED; BASHIR SADIQ USMAN; & IDRISS MOHAMMED GODOWOLI
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic Damaturu Yobe State
ABSTRACT
This paper titled design and implementation of Energy Saver for Automatic Room Light Controller with Visitor Counter. With limited energy resources, it is the need of time to revolutionize the traditional methods of counting visitors to control the electrical appliances. This paper describes the development and implementation of visitor counter along with automatic room light controller. As a visitor enters the room, the count is incremented by one and the lights are switched on, while the counting is decremented if a person leaves the room. Microcontroller is used in this design due to suitability and accessibility of the component and other components. This project design also helps to reduce human efforts. Also it is very useful to conserve resources. In nowadays world, there is a continuous need for automatic appliances. With the increase in standard of living, there is a sense of urgency for developing circuits that would ease the complexity of life. Also if at all one wants to know the number of people present in room so as not to have congestion. The concept of an automatic room light controller counter can be built upon not just for household usage but tor such settings as hotels, schools, hospitals, industrial purpose or businesses. In conclusion, this project is successfully designed and implemented and it should be encouraged and put into large scale manufacturing because of its various advantages.
Keywords— Energy saver, visitor counter. Microcontroller.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF BASIC SKILLS, THE CASE STUDY OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION FOR SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN LANDSCAPE
BALA IBRAHIM
Jigawa State Polytechnic Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
A profession is any type of work that needs special training or a particular skill, often one that is respected because it involves a high level of education, Many researchers had been making so many recommendations regarding the desert encroachment and desertification of the African landscape, where must of such researches were recommending planting of trees, but most of those researches are not providing design for such recommendations. The landscape Architecture profession is a profession that involves the systematic design and general construction of structures for the use of living things, investigation of existing social, ecological, and soil conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of other interventions that will produce desired outcomes. The scope of the profession is broad because they design a wide range of structures and landforms for living things, the design includes; site planning, stormwater management, erosion control, environmental restoration, parks, recreational areas, visual resource management, green infrastructure planning and provision, and private estate, and residence landscape master planning, landscape designs and constructions. The United States with a population of 334,298,347 people as of 2022, approximately has over 16,400 licensed landscape architects and Nigeria with Zero licensed landscape architects with a population of over 200,000,000 people as of the 2021 census. The study areas for this research were researches on desert encroachment and desertification in Nigeria, Two hundred researches on desert encroachment and desertification were used in Nigeria. A random sampling technique was used in selecting 50 researchers from the entire number. Findings from the study revealed the following: No Design or Landscape Design in research of desert encroachment and desertification in Nigeria, and the unavailability of Landscape Architects is the reason for not having a design or landscape design in many kinds of research of desert encroachment and desertification in Nigeria. The researcher in this study recommend the followings; Government should add more schools of Landscape Architecture in tNigeria, Government should license the existing Landscape Architects in the country, Government should make it mandatory that, all landscape design and construction should be done by a Landscape Architect in the country, Individuals should engage Landscape Architects for their landscape works at all levels.
Keywords: Design, Desert Encroachment, desertification, Landscape Architecture, Landscape Construction, Landscape Design, Researches,
DETERMINATION OF SOME SELECTED ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF TAMARIND (Tamarindus indica) SEED
SANUSI, B.A1., SALAUDEEN, S2., OLANITE, W.A3., ARIWOOLA, L.A1. AND AZEEZ, M.O2.
1Department of Agricultural & Bio-Environmental Engineering, The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic Saki2Department of Civil Engineering, The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic Saki. 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic Saki,
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate some selected engineering properties of tamarind seed such as length, width, thickness, arithmetic and geometric diameters, surface area, true and true densities, sphericity, angle of repose and coefficient of static friction. An average values of 9.23 mm, 6.56 mm and 3.29 mm with coefficient of variation of 10.29, 7.24 and 5.87% were determined for length, width and thickness of tamarind seeds. The arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter and sphericity values of 6.14, 5.46 and 92.05% with CV values of 7.89, 8.10 and7.6% were recorded at 12.90% moisture content. The mean surface area, and volume of 84.25 mm2 and 59.36 mm3were obtained for tamarind seed. Porosity and angle of repose had the values of 36.90 and 310, respectively. Stainless steel had the lowest coefficient of static friction with an average value of 0.35, followed by galvanized with average value of 0.39 while the highest value of 0.42 was observed on plywood surface for tamarind seed.
Keywords: Tamarind, engineering properties, moisture content, angle of repose, sphericity Coefficient of Static friction
DETERMINATION OF SEASONAL CHANGE IN WATER LEVEL OF GUBI DAM FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT
ZAKARI, DANLADI; AHMED, BABAYO; ADAMU MAKAMA PINDIGA; ABUBAKAR ABDULKADIR
Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abstract
Gubi Dam is one of the largest dam located in Bauchi state and it serves as the major source of drinking water for the entire Bauchi metropolis. Due to the high level of water consumption ranging from domestics, industrial and agricultural use, there exist significant changes in seasonal water level in the dam as a result of meteorological and climatic variables. During reconnaissance, water levels and rainfall data was collected from Bauchi State Water Corporation whereas the hydrological and meteorological data was collected from NIMET office of Bauchi state. Gubi reservoir water level elevations and changes from 2015 to 2021 were examined using Landsat data 8. The water source in the dam varies in quantity and quality due to the seasonal variation over the catchments area. During rainy season, from the period of May to October, the quantity of water in the reservoir will increase due to the amount of the rainfall observed during these periods. During dry season the level of water reduced due to high consumption and the effect of evaporation due to high temperature, the peak value of evaporation mostly occurred within the period of January to April and is the period of drought and high demand of water and it cause a drawdown of the reservoir water level. The results were analyzed, discussed and presented. The surface area of Gubi reservoir in March 2015 was 5224500m2 and the mean of the dry season is 5988600 m2. The seasonal variation in Gubi dam from the period of March 2015 and the mean was 764100 m2. This shows that the dam has accommodated more water in 2015 than the mean of the dry season. So invariably it implies that Gubi reservoir level rise in 2015 during dry season, around March 2015 increase in water level. It is recommended other researcher to conduct research on hydrological modeling of Gubi reservoir to investigate the impacts of the reservoirs in water resources management.
KEYWORDS: Seasonal change, Water level, climatic variables, reservoirs and water resources
ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF POULTRY MANURE ON GROWTH PARAMETERS IN MAIZE (Zea maize)
ALIM SEMIYU ABDULRAZAQ; MUHAMMAD HANEEF SUNUSI; & ISAH ABUBAKAR
Department of Agricultural Technology, Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna
ABSTRACT
The study analyse the effect of poultry manure on the growth parameters in maize. The field experiment was conducted at Kaduna Polytechnic Tudun Wada, Kaduna state in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to observe and analyse the effect of poultry manure on the growth of maize. The experiment was carried out in sacks with three replications. Four rate of poultry manure applied at 0.0kg, 0.5kg, 1.0kg and 1.5kg per sack. Data collected from 2nd to 8th week after sowing were plant height, number of leaves and leaf area. The result obtain indicates that plants that receive 15% of poultry manure were superior at 8th week with mean height of 108.5cm, mean number of leaves of 15 and mean leaf area of 639.5cm2 based on the findings of the study, 1.5kg poultry manure was best to be used for the growth of maize.
Keywords: Poultry, Manure, Growth parameters, Maize
THE EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION ON THE SURVIVAL OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA
YAKUBU YAHAYA Ph.D
Department of Business Administration and Management, School of Management Sciences, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria
Abstract
Entrepreneurial Orientation has significant influence on firm performance more so for small and medium firms operating under globalization and internationalization and regional integration regimes. Globalization results in expanded markets, characterized by increased number of competition, and shrinking market size. This global competition, increasing interdependence, rapid technology development, unstable environments, and many other factors exerts greater pressure on small and medium firms accustomed to operating under a domestic market set-up. To overcome the challenges associated with globalization, eminent scholars in other parts of the world have recommended that firms adopt entrepreneurial orientation as a solution to the challenges brought about by globalization. It is on this basis that this study sought to determine the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of small and medium enterprises in the information and communications technology sector. The study used descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, median and proportions using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 and Microsoft Excel. Regression analysis and correlation analysis were used to determine the direction and strength of the relationship between the independent and the dependent variables.. The questionnaires were administered among the seventy (234) management staff members of the one hundred and seventy two (162) selected SMEs in Nigeria through purposive sampling method, and this was done personally by the researcher. Descriptive and inferential statistics was use to analyze and interpret the data use in this research. The study reveals that entrepreneurial orientation is a major challenges that help SMEs to grow and achieve its stated objectives in global competitive environment The study sought to answer the question of what shaped entrepreneurial orientation in SMEs in a developing country context and to answer the question of what contributed to performance for SME. The findings of the study revealed that employee relations showed a positive but insignificant effect on the performance of manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study recommends the enhancement of employee relations through health and safety, training and development, and staff welfare to maximize employee productivity. It recommends the promotion of customer satisfaction through product information, quality assurance and customer feedback to enhance customer loyalty and firm’s reputation to survive in the highly competitive market place.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Orientation, Manufacturing companies, SMEs
REGIONAL ESTIMATION OF CURIE POINT DEPTH, GEOTHERMAL GRADIENT AND HEAT FLOW INFERRED FROM HIGH RESOLUTION AEROMAGNETIC DATA OVER SHELLENG AND ENVIRONS, NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA
YASSAH, H. N AND AYIGUN, S.
Department of Applied Physics and Electronics TECHNOLOGY, The Federal, Polytechnic, P.M.B 35, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
A regional estimation of Curie-point depths (CPDs), geothermal gradient and heat flow from high resolution aeromagnetic (HRAM) data over Shelleng and environs, North-Eastern Nigeria was carried out using Oasis Montaj (7.5version), Microsoft excel, Matlab (2016 version) and Surfer8 software and spectral centroid analysis method. The HRAM data were divided into 64 overlapping blocks, and each block was analysed to obtain depths to the top, centroid, and bottom of the magnetic sources. The depth values were then used to assess the CPD, geothermal gradient and subsurface crustal heat flow in the study area. The result shows that the CPD varies between 4.95 and 7.69 km with an average of 6.69 km, the geothermal gradient varies between 47.23 and 86.57 C km-1 with an average of 58.73 °C km-1, and the crustal heat flow varies between 21.13 and 216.43 mWm-2 with an average of 166.72 mWm-2. This study showed that geodynamic processes are mainly controlled by the thermal structure of the Earth’s crust and therefore important for appraisal of the geo-processes, rheology, and understanding of the heat flow variations in the area, North-eastern Nigeria.
KEYWORD: Aeromagnetic data, Curie point depth, Geothermal Gradient, Heat flow, Thermal structure and Spectral centroid.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FRESH TOMATO MARKETING IN NASSARAWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KANO STATE
ABDURRAHMAN, M.U., ABBA-AJI A.A., BARAZA S.A., GAMBO N., MUKHTAR, D., DAUDA, M. SALISU., NURA SALISU MUHAMMAD.
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi.
ABSTRACT
This study analyzed the marketing system of fresh tomato in Nassarawa local government of Kano State. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select eighty (80) tomato marketers. The main objective is to analyze tomato marketing in the Yankaba market, while the specific objectives are to describe the socio-economic characteristics of tomato marketers in the study area, to identify and describe the marketing channel of fresh tomato, to determine the efficiency of fresh tomato marketing, to determine the profitability of fresh tomato marketing, and also to describe constrains associated with tomato marketing in the study area. The data obtained were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics, Marketing Efficiency and Marketing Margin. Findings revealed that 26% of fresh tomato retailer’s marketers fell within the age bracket of 25-34 and 35-44 years of age, while 40% of fresh tomato wholesaler’s marketers fell within the category of 45-54 which were the majority in study area, only 2% and 3.3% of retailers and wholesalers respectively were within the category of 75-84 years in the study area. The gender representation is 100% dominated by male gender of both retailers and wholesalers respectively in the study area. The result revealed that the majority 94% of retailers and 96.7% of wholesalers of tomato marketers were married, and only 6% of retailers and 3.3% of wholesalers of tomato marketers were single in the study area. Fresh tomato marketers in the area had one form of education. Majority of retailers have Qur’anic education, while Majority of wholesalers have primary education. The result also revealed that Net Marketing Margin of 7.29 N/kg and 4.09N/kg for 1kg for retailers and wholesalers respectively. The analysis also revealed that tomato marketing is a profitable enterprise with BCR of greater than one (with 1.2044 for retailers and 1.1390 for wholesalers). The marketing efficiency of fresh tomato was found to be 273.34% and 168.24% on retailers and wholesalers respectively. The major challenges to fresh tomato marketing were seasonality nature of tomato, perishability nature of tomato, absence of processing industries, and supply problem during wet season. It was therefore recommended that tomato processing industries should be establish by private entrepreneurs was recommended to make resolving perishabilty of tomato produced.
Keywords: Marketing channel, efficiency, profitability
ASSESSMENT OF BUSINESS PERFORMANCE TOWARDS FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS IN THE HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM OPERATIONS
*DUPE MEDINAT JIMOH; & **UMMA MOHAMMED EL-RUFAI
*Department of Hospitality Management, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna State, Nigeria. **Department of Tourism Management Technology, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Abstract
It has been observed that managers in the hospitality and tourism industry assess the performance of their business based on operational activities rather than scientific analysis of financial figures. The implication of such approach is shallow understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise which could easily culminate into naïve as against pragmatic decisions. This paper examines the types of financial ratios and their relevance for objective assessment of business operations and decision making for sustainability in the face of competition. It is recommended that tourism services providers should employ ratio analysis as tools for measuring trends and relationships in trade.
Keywords: Financial ratios, Business performance, Sustainability, Tourism industry
LOCALIZATION OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA
EHICHANYA ANGELA NGOZI
Department of Fine and Applied Arts, Federal Polytechnic, Oko.
Abstract
Petroleum resource dependent Nigerian economy along with poor governance, challenges the Nigerian textile industry. Moreover, there is a sheer lack of political will to formulate policies directed at industrial growth by the Nigerian political class. The growth of textile industry is essential if Nigeria is to foster structural change and translate its potentials. This article examines how poor policy implementation stunted the development of the Nigerian textile industry from 1985 to 2015. The textile industry’s decline reflects internal challenges and the failure to provide supportive policy measures and critical infrastructure for the growth of the sector. This is also related to Nigeria’s overreliance on petroleum at the expense of other economic sectors. This article focuses on the neglect faced by the textile industry. Our findings indicate that overreliance on petroleum resources emboldened imports of foreign made products especially from China. It calls for the application of an industrial policy to increase the competitiveness of the Nigerian textile industry globally. The article provides an understanding into the reasons for the collapse of the textile industry. It also contributes to the need for industrial policy consideration for resource dependent economies.
Keywords: Industrial policy, Dutch disease, Manufacturing, Petroleum, Textile, Infrastructure
EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING METHODS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE ON ACQUISITION OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA
OKORO HENRY OKECHUKWU
School of General Studies, Department of Languages, Federal Polytechnic, Oko.
ABSTRACT
The study sought to establish the effectiveness of the various teaching methods on the acquisition of the English language skills. The study was carried out in public secondary schools in Nairobi County. The objectives sought to find out the various teaching methods used in English language, the effectiveness of the lecture methods on acquisition of English language skills; the role of role playas a teaching method in promoting acquisition of English language skills and the effectiveness of questions and answer methods on acquisitions of English language skills. Four research questions were formulated to guide the study. The questions sought to identify the various method used in English language in Nairobi County, and their effectiveness. The data was collected using three instruments. The student’s questionnaire sought to find out whether the like or dislike English, the methods that are mostly used by their teachers during the English lessons and the skills acquired using those methods. The teacher’s questionnaire sought to find out the methods that they used mostly the reasons that they used them and the skills that are acquires when the methods are used. The observation schedule sought to get the real classroom experience in terms of the teaching methods used during the English lessons, the skills acquired and the supplementary materials used by the teachers during the English lesson. After an analysis of how the method promotes the acquisition of the English language skills, it was established that each of the methods enhances acquisition of the English language skills. The four skills in English namely: writing, listening, reading and speaking form the core of the English language. The researcher suggested that in view of delimitation of the study further research in a wider and different area preferably the rural areas. That further research be conducted to investigate other factors that contribute to acquisition of English language skills.
REVIEW ON IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SALMONELLA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM DOMESTIC CHICKEN SOLD IN KURE ULTRA MODERN MARKET MINNA, NIGERIA.
1ALHASSAN, A. A., 2GALADIMA, M.
1Department of Biological Sciences, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State. Nigeria. 2Department of Microbilogy, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State.
Abstract
Salmonella as a group of microorganisms has long been recognized as an important zoonotic pathogen of worldwide economic significance in animals, birds and man. They are intestinal bacteria which give rise to enteritis and typhoid-like disease. The prevalence of Salmonella differs depending upon sample types, collection and handling methods, detection techniques and geographic regions and management systems. These differences may mask the impact of other factors such as raising practices, seasonal patterns and processing procedures that are actually causing true changes in the distribution of the bacteria. Salmonella infection causes not only decreased production performance and even death of poultry, but also contamination of the human food chain, leading to serious economic losses in the poultry business, as well as being a threat to public health. This review recommends that: The best preventive and control strategy is vaccination.
Keywords: Identification, Characterization, Salmonella, Domestic, Market.
OVERCOMING THE UNDERDEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE IN AFRICA THROUGH DIGITAL TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT
1PROF. NJIMANTED, Godfrey FORGHA 2FORBE, Hodu NGANGNCHI & 3FOZOH, Isiah AZISEH
1Director, Higher Institute of Commerce and Management (HICM), University of Bamenda-Cameroon 2Head of Department of Organisational Sciences, Higher Institute of Commerce and Management (HICM), University of Bamenda-Cameroon 3Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Bamenda-Cameroon
Abstract
This study observed that Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) has for the first time in history intensified the use of digital technology for the delivery of services due to the hit of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, wwhen the continent has been struggling to improve on its human develpment indicators which are still dismal, and also when the rate of entrepreneurship activities in the cconnent is still gaining grounds. This current study therefore, investigates the impact of digital technology and entrepreneurship development on economic development in SSA as applicable in the COVID-19 pandemic era. Based on Regreesion models with Drisco-Kraay standard errors and the Causal mediation analysis, the resulted outcomes draws some key conclusions. From the baseline model estimates, we noted that both entrepreneurship development and digital technological advancements have the ability to enhance human development in Sub-Sahara Africa. The moderation outcomes show that the interaction between entrepreneurship development and digital technological advancement is positive indicating that the economic development enhancing effect of entrepreneurship development in Sub-Sahara Africa is stronger in African countries with higher levels of digital technological application. Again, the interaction of entrepreneurship development with human capital development, the inflation rate, trade openness, and global financial openness are all positive and significant, showing that the control variables improves on the positive effect of entrepreneurship development on economic development in Africa. We equally noted interestingly that the negative effect of inflation on human development is mitigated by entrepreneurship development. Moderating the effect of diital technogcal application with the vector of control variables suggests that digital technological progress does not have the strength to inhibit the negative effect of inflation on human development in Sub-Sahara Africa. We also, find that the human development enhancing effect of ICT use is stronger in countries with higher levels of human capital development. At the same time, the interaction of ICT use with trade openness, global financial openness, and control of corruption all gives positive coefficients. From our causal mediaation analysis, the estimates of the indirect effects indicatd that the usage of ICT in SSA indirectly reduces the economic development of the continent through new business density, the usage of ICT in SSA indirectly enhances economic development of the continent through human capital development, control of corruption, the inflation rate, and the openness of the continnt to foreign trade. For a policy perspective, we recommend that efforts in terms of national budget should be directed to commercial, vocational, and technical education for job creation contrary to general education for job seekers. In this light, more than 30% of the national budget should be directed to education with 20% of budget directed to commercial, industrial and technical education. We also recommend guided openness policy to avoid excess dependency on foreign technologies and improted inflation. In this light, Africans should develop the interest of consuming home produced goods by improving on their quality and life span. In this regard, the market share of African goods in the African market should be more than what we are experiencing today. That is, about 7:3 on 1.
Keywords: Under Development Challenge, Entrepreneurship Development, Technological Progress, ICT, Inflation, Human Capital, Education and Training.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND LIVELIHOOD IMPACTS OF RECURRING FLOOD EVENTS ON DOWNSTREAM COMMUNITIES OF SHIRORO DAM NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
AYUBA, BARNABAS; & PROF. AISHETU ABDULKADIR
Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
The devastating effect of the recurring flood has pose a serious environmental and livelihood impacts in the study area ranging from loss of arable land, crops, economic trees, animals and even lives and properties. The aim of this paper is to examine environmental and livelihood impacts of recurring flood events on downstream communities of Shiroro Dam, Niger State Nigeria. The sources of data used include primary and secondary. The primary sources include reconnaissance survey, questionnaire administration and purposive selection of affected communities and respondents of the study area In order to develop detailed and comprehensive literature review, the information was obtained from written documents. To achieve this therefore, data were sourced from the gazettes, internet facilities, text books, journals, published and unpublished thesis from University library etc. with regards to environmental and livelihood impacts of recurring flood events on downstream communities of dam internationally and locally. The methods of data analysis include frequency percentage, sustainable livelihood index, and 3-point Likert type scale. The result shows that 179 of the respondents believed that the major cause of recurring flood in the study area is from heavy rainfall, 110 of the respondents agreed that the major cause of recurring flood is due to overflow of Shiroro dam, siltation of the river ranked third with 57 of the respondents and blockage in the drainage ranked the least with one respondent. The damages of flood occurrences in the riparian communities include collapse of buildings and displacement, property destruction, loss of lives, farmland/crops submerge and loss of animals as indicated in the study. Damages as a result of recurring flood events in the study area were of different classes and magnitude as indicated in the study. Farmland/crops submerge ranked the highest with 30% of the respondents, collapse of buildings and displacement of people ranked second with 28% of the respondents, property destruction ranked third with 20% of the respondents, loss of lives ranked fourth with 18% of the respondents and loss of animals ranked the least with 4% of the respondents. The implication of damages as a result of flood occurrence in the study area is low standard of living, inadequate food security and environmental degradation. In conclusion, there is need to develop better and appropriate measures (as discussed under the implications and recommendations sections) to prepare and mitigate the environmental and livelihood impact of recurring flood events on downstream communities of Shiroro dam, Niger State, Nigeria.
Keywords: Flood, Recurring flood, Shiroro dam, and Downstream communities
COMPETENCIES NEEDED BY MOTOR VEHICLE MECHANIC WORKS TRADE TEACHERS FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN TECHNICAL COLLEGES IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
*ADAMU MARYAM MU’AZU; A.M IDRIS; B.N ATSUMBE; & R. AUDU
*Department of Industrial and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
Abstract
The study identified the competencies needed by motor vehicle mechanic works teachers for effective teaching in technical colleges in Niger State, Nigeria. Two research questions were raised and answered as well as two null hypotheses were formulated and test at 0.05 level of significant. The study adopted cross sectional survey research design. The study was conducted in Niger State, Nigeria. The targeted population for the study was 46 respondents comprising of 25 MVM works teachers and 21 administrators. The study utilized the whole population of the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled Motor Vehicle Mechanics Work Teachers Competency Needs Questionaire (MVMWTCNQ). The instruments were subjected to face and content validation by three experts. The reliability Coefficient of (MVMWTCNQ) was established using Cronbach’s Alpha statistics and yielded overall reliability coefficient of 0.83. Data were collected by administering copies of the instruments through hand delivery. The data collected were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and z-test. Findings from the study revealed that: 33 items (=3.61) were found to be subject matter competency needs, 29 items (=3.98) were found to be ICT competency needs, 32 items (=3.95) were found to be pedagogical competency needs, and 28 items (=3.77) were found to be affective competencies needed by MVM works teachers for effective teaching in technical colleges in Niger State, Nigeria. Findings from the study also revealed that there is no significance difference between the mean responses of MVW work teachers and administrators on the subject matter and pedagogical competencies needed by MVM work trade teachers for effective teaching in technical colleges in Niger State, Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that: Niger State Science and Technical Schools Board should organize capacity building training for Motor Vehicle Mechanic works teachers in the area of Subject matter Competencies and Pedagogical Competencies competencies in order to enhance effective teaching of Motor Vehicle Mechanic works in technical colleges in Niger State, Nigeria. Keywords: Competencies, Motor Vehicle Mechanic Work, Teachers, Technical college
ASSESSMENT OF NUPE CULTURAL FEATURES TOWARDS ESTABLISHMENT OF TOURISM DESTINATION AT NUPEKO, NIGER STATE
*MOHAMMED AMINA, AYUBA PHILIP & MUHAMMD ISA BALA
Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria.
Abstract
The success of tourism in a community depends largely on the ability of the community to develop, create, manage and market tourist facilities within. It has been established that the need to harness tourism potential in Nigeria as a whole is of enormous concern. There is therefore need to showcase tourism through architecture in the country. The Nupe ethnic group, native in the Middle Belt of Nigeria is identified to be culturally rich in arts and crafts. However, previous studies have revealed that in spite of the natural human and physical resources available, tourism within the area is still at an appalling level, as these resources are left to lie fallow without any form of development. Tourism on the other hand requires that the residents of such communities are carried along towards showcasing their unique cultural attributes. To achieve this, questionnaires were distributed to selected family heads to generate information on key attributes of the people, as well as focus group discussions carried out with elderly members of the community in order to obtain data on historical cultural values and perception, spatial and cultural attributes of the people, in order to obtain unique characteristics. Also the findings showcased unique cultural attributes of the Nupe community. The data obtained was analysed using content analysis for the qualitative data on spatial analysis. The study conclusively identified the possibility of integrating cultural features, values and perceptions in the design of tourism destination at the historic town of Nupeko in Niger State, Nigeria.
Keywords: – Community, Cultural features, Destination, Nupe, Tourism
NON CURRENT LIABILITIES AND EARNINGS PER SHARE GROWTH IN SELECTED LISTED CONSUMER GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA
*S. ABDURRAZAQ; **DR M. N. AHMED; & **DR L. O. MUSTAPHA
*Department of Accountancy, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna. **Department of Accounting, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna
Abstract
The study examined the effect of non-current liabilities on the growth of earnings per share (EPSG) in listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The proxies for non-current liabilities were deferred tax liabilities (DTL), borrowings (BRW), retirement benefit obligations (RBO) and Lease liabilities (LSL). The research adopted was correlational research design. The population of the study was 21 listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The sample size was 10 selected listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria, using judgmental sampling technique. Content analysis of the annual reports of the selected companies was carried out in a trend of 10 years (2012 2021). The descriptive and inferential statistics were mean, standard deviation, regression analysis, t-test and chi-square, all were run STATA 13. The findings reveal that each of DTL, BRW and LSL is negative and insignificant on the EPSG. Only RBO is positive but also insignificant. The major recommendations hold that the managements of companies should review and reset maximum threshold of gearing in order to accommodate non-current liability items within debt-equity ratio set for capital structure.
Keywords: deferred tax liabilities, borrowings, retirement benefit obligations, lease liabilities and earnings per share growth.
IMPACT OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A THEORETICAL REVIEW
*MOHAMMED SHUAIBU; & **SOKOMBA JOSHUA
*Magaji International Enterprises Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. **Registry Department, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study titled Impact of Training and Development on Employee Performance: A Theoretical Review. The paper observed that training equips employees with the necessary knowledge to handle their assigned work tasks, but development is futuristic, looking at the skill set needed to handle new work jobs and holding positions of authority within the organization. The paper adopted the secondary method of data collection; the materials for this study will be sourced mostly from written works from libraries and archives they include: text books, journals, newspapers, and magazines. In fact, this research work is mainly based on secondary data. Previous studies, on training, employee performance, relationship between employee training and performance were discussed. The paper noted that the main objective of employee training and development is the inculcation of knowledge, skills, and attitudes relevant to a specific job. In other words, training is job-centered, meant to improve the performance of a jobholder. Training and development are based on the premise that the attitudes, skills, behaviors, capabilities and competencies of employees need to be improved in order to achieve organizational goals and objectives. Based on the review and discussion made, conclusions and recommendations which aim at improving employee performance were made with regard to employee training and development in various organizations.
Keywords: Employee, Training, Development, Performance, Organization
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS TO RURAL POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN ORIIRE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE.
MOMOHJIMOH, YUSUF.1 ALAO, ADEOYE OYEBISI.2 BOLARINWA SUNDAY OYEWALE3.
1Department of Agricultural Technology, Kogi State Polytechnic, PMB 1101 Lokoja, Kogi State Nigeria. 2Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso Oyo State, Nigeria. 3Department of Economics, Al-Hikmah University, PMB 1601 Ilorin, Nigeria.
Abstract:
This study analyzed the economic importance of Non-timber forest product to rural poverty alleviation in Oriire Local Government Area of Oyo state in 2014. Multistage sampling technique was used to collect data from 120 respondents in the study area. The data collected was subjected to both descriptive and inferential analysis. Descriptive statistics include the use of percentages, tables and mean to present the socio-economic characteristics. This study estimates the important contribution of NTFP to income and livelihood as well as the role and benefits of NTFP. Furthermore, a Tobit model is estimated as determining the factors influencing share of NTFP in income. Also, Logistic regression was used to present the determinants of share from NTFP. Majority (67.5%) of the farmers in this study area were male with a mean age of 42.93 and standard deviation of 10.02, greater percentage (79.17%) of the farmers were native of the area. More than half (56.7%) of the farmers (respondents) had access to land through inheritance, 36.67% of the respondents were within the age range of 41 – 50 years which formed the majority and active force of the respondents. Six independent variables that significantly contributed to the dependent variable (Income from NTFP) in the Tobit regression model were; number of hours of collecting NTFP, transportation cost, male age greater than 10years, income from livestock production, income from off-farm activities and income from crop production. Education level and size of land was found to be positive contributor to the dependent variable (Poverty status) in the Logistic regression. It is recommended that policies and strategies that aim at improving the welfare of rural people and natural resource conservation should give attention to the contribution of NTFP to the local people. Moreover, Government and NGOs should support and encourage NTFP and NTFP based activities as part of the diversified livelihood strategies in order to alleviate poverty in the rural areas. There should also be proper monitoring and prevention of unnecessary deforestation by government agencies from government reserved area so as to avert the going into extinction of some species / varieties of trees or NTFP.
Keywords: Non-timber forest products (NTFP), Poverty alleviation, Logic regression, Descriptive statistics.
FISCAL POLICY, MONETARY POLICY AND AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT IN NIGERIA
*M. O. LAWAL; & **S. S. ABERE
*Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Education, School of General Studies Education, Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo State, Nigeria. **Department of Economics, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria
Abstract
Controversies abound over the relative contributions of monetary and fiscal policies on different economies of the world. Previous studies in Nigeria focused on either the effect of monetary or fiscal policy on economic growth without taking cognizance of their joint effects on agricultural output. This study is carried out in order to identify the policy-mix that drives the agricultural output growth in Nigeria. The study utilizes the Quantity Theory of Money by the Monetarists vis-à-vis Keynesian Theory with time series data spanning from 1981 to 2020. The study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) techniques to achieve its objectives. The results reveal that money supply contributes 1.14% to the forecast error variance in agricultural output in the second year and it attains its peak of 3.1% in the third year before decreasing to 2.16% and 1.39% in the seventh and tenth years respectively. Government expenditure accounts for 0.003% of the forecast error variance in agricultural output in the second year and it reaches its peak of 5.63% in the third year before decreasing steadily as it accounts for 2.87% and 1.23% in the sixth and the tenth years respectively. Also, the results indicate that the interactive effect of government expenditure and money supply on agricultural output is positive and significant; implying that fiscal and monetary policies act as complement for agricultural output performance in Nigeria. Thus, the two-policy measures should be coordinated to maximize agricultural output.
Keywords: Fiscal policy, Monetary policy, Economic policy, Agricultural output, Vector error correction model
AVAILABILTY AND UTILISATION OF INTERNET SERVICES AND RESOURCES IN IBRAHIM BABANGIDA LIBRARY (MAUTECH), YOLA
*RAYMOND ANDREW WAZIRI; & **ESUWA AMOS KADAKALI
*Federal polytechnic Bali, Taraba state. **College of Education, Adamawa State
ABSTRACT
The study investigated ‘’the availability and utilization of Internet resources and services at Modibbo Adama university of Technology (MAUTECH) Yola’’. The objectives of the study were to determine the types of Internet services and resources that is available in the university library, the level of utilization of internet services and resources, the level of satisfaction of internet resources and services, the problems affecting the use of internet resources and services in university Library, four research questions were drawn from the four objectives, Survey research method was adopted. The study population is limited to the students of Modibbo Adama university of Technology, Yola. 5 of their total population was drawn for the study based on random sampling technique, {Bang and Gall (1999) recommendation}, The research instrument used was questionnaire, distributed to 515, while 422 were returned and use for this study giving a response rate of 81.9%. The data collected from the field was sorted, organized, presented and analyzed using frequencies count, tables and percentages. The major findings of this study indicates that the internet services and resources that are available in MA UTECH are Electronic mail (E-mail), world Wide Web (WWW), Internet chat facilities, FTP (Downloading) and Usenet. Majority of MAUTECH students (37. 7%) use World Wide Web (www) and other internet services and resources. They also use the internet services and resources for their assignments. On the level of satisfaction as a result of utilization of these internet resources and services majority of the respondents says it is fairly used. The study also revealed the constraints hindering the effective use of internet in MAUTECII these include obsolete and unreliable hardware, inadequate power supply, lack of skills, lack of infrastructure and network fluctuation.
Keywords: internet services, internet resources, MAUTECH university, Yola
ASSESSING JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHER’S COMPETENCY ON ITEM CONSTRUCTION AT BAUCHI STATE CENTRAL SENATORIAL ZONE
BABAYO MUHAMMAD OTHMAN
Department of psychometrics, AD Rufa’i College of Education, Legal & General Studies Misau, Bauchi State
ABSTRACT
The study examined junior secondary school teacher’s competency on items construction at Bauchi state central senatorial zone, using survey design. Participants were 155 teachers (Male=123, Female=32) selected using stratified random sampling technique from 25 out of 124 public secondary schools within the Zone. Research instrument was a self-constructed questionnaire, ‘Teacher’s Competency Scale (TCS) ’, the instrument consisted of 2 sections A and B. Section A solicited for Demographic information of respondents while section B posed questions related to item construction at various degree. The response format was on 4 point Likert scale weighted as, strongly agree (SA=4pts) Agree (A=3pts), Strongly Disagree (SD=2pts) and Disagree (DA=1pts). A measure of internal consistency using Cronbach alpha was determined and reliability coefficient of 0.84 was obtained which showed high degree of reliability of the instrument.. Data was analyzed using frequency count, simple percentages and chi-square cross tabulation. Results showed that majority of the teachers that write items in negative form didn’t capitalized or underline the items, similarly, the finding also revealed that part of the respondent didn’t arrange items in order of difficulty while constructing test item. Qualifications of Junior Secondary Teachers do not significantly influence their Competency in Item construction. The outcome also indicated that gender difference was statistically not significant; hence possession of technical skill on item construction is uniform among the participant. The researcher recommends that Teacher should consider arranging item in order of difficulty, especially from simple to complex. Doing this will motivate students in developing confidence while answering questions. An in-house training or workshop on item construction should be conducted, especially to those that lack education qualification as well as those having lowest teaching qualification.
Keywords: teacher’s competency, item construction, Junior Secondary schools
XENOTRANSPLANTATION: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES.
MARDHIYYAH MUNIR JA’AFAR
Baze University, Abuja
Abstract
Xenotransplantation is any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation or infusion into a human recipient of either live cells, tissues, or organs from a nonhuman animal source, or human body fluids, cells, tissues or organs that have had ex vivo contact with live nonhuman animal cells, tissues or organs. It is often suggested as an alternative to human organ transplantation due to the most daunting barrier to organ transplantation, which is the shortage of suitable human organs. Proponents of xenotransplantation state that transplanting animal organs into individuals with end-stage organ diseases will restore hope in them and will do away with the ethical issues in human-to-human transplantation such as the debates on organ allocation policies, consent, organ sale, using organs of heart-beating donors, anencephalic infants, embryo transplantation, and stem cells from embryos and foetuses. However, it is found out that xenotransplantation from animals to humans raises legal, ethical and religious issues and challenges such as the transmission of infectious diseases, the intense debate on the brutality in the use of animal organs as well as the controversy on whether the use of pig organs is permissible or forbidden in Islam. Consequently, this paper recommends the exercise of extreme caution in transplanting animal tissue/organs in humans due to the spread of infectious diseases and because such practice still remains experimental and controversial.
MACRO PROPERTIES ENHANCEMENT IN NATURAL RUBBER BY POLYNESIAN ARROW ROOT (AMORA) STARCH BIOFILLER THROUGH LATEX COMPOUNDING METHOD AND NANOSCALE DOWNSIZING.
UZOH, RAYMOND D.1, JILDAWA D.1 EGHAREVBA OWEN2, JOHN HARDY3
1.Department of Materials Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria. 2.Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN) Iyanomo, Edo State, Nigeria. 3.Department of Materials, University of Lancaster, UK.
ABSTRACT
An effort to partially replace carbon black as a filler in natural rubber polymers was attempted due to global concern on carbon black becoming a potential health risk to humans. More so incorporating natural starch as a biofiller in natural rubber through a new latex compounding procedure has introduced a new dimension in reducing the particle size of starch granule from few micrometer to nanoscale allowing it to mix and blend thoroughly with the natural rubber molecules supposedly at molecular level in the liquid medium during the co-coagulation process and at compounding. Enhancement in macro properties was observed when Polynesian arrow root (PAR) starch filler was introduced into natural rubber biopolymer in gelatinized form at 30 parts per hundred rubber (phr) in a latex compounding procedure. The PAR starch/natural rubber blend was compounded in a two-roll mill and cured by Sulphur vulcanization and accelerators system according to ASTM standard method, D3184-80. There was improvement in tensile strength, resilience and hardness in the newly formulated biopolymer-for tensile strength, PAR starch/natural rubber is 57.43Nm-2, unfilled rubber (NR) is 21.90Nm-2 and the Control (Carbon black filled Natural rubber) is 87.63Nm-2. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the formulated biopolymer is semi crystalline. Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) revealed the presence of the carbon-carbon double bond of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene molecule at stretching band of 1644.5cm-1 while O-H stretch for free hydroxyl and OH bonded gave 3865cm-1 and 3476cm-1 indicating the presence of starch molecule in the PAR starch/NR biopolymer. More so higher values of crosslink density from swelling tests, 33.5, 33.1 and 44.0molcm-3 at 10, 20 and 30phr filler loading is an evidence of strong filler-rubber interaction and adhesion at the interfaces produced by the hydrodynamic effect. Second evidence of strong filler-rubber interaction is the absence of phase separation during and after the compounding and curing processes hence PAR starch filler can partially replace carbon black as filler in natural rubber biopolymers with application in automobile tire manufacture with cost, weight and energy saving advantages.
Keywords: Natural rubber, Starch, Filler, Carbon black.
EFFECT OF TRAINING ON PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATORS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY ABUJA
1AHMED ALIYU TANKO, 2ADAMU ISYAKU IBRAHIM & 3JUSTIN SHEKWOYADU ZAKOYI.
1 Department of Business Administration & Management, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State – Nigeria. 2&3Department of Public Administration, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State – Nigeria.
Abstract
The outcome of coronavirus in 2020 had change the way everything is done in the world today, public administrators are expected to perform their duties diligently at the time that their services are needed to meet the challenges posed by COVID-19 but this is often not achieved in practice because their attitudes towards COVID-19 pandemic is too fearful. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of training on the performance of public administrators during COVID-19 pandemic in Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja. Survey method was used and data was analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Chi-square to test the formulated hypotheses. The findings showed that off the job training, on the job training and vestibule training has affected the performance of public administrators during COVID-19 pandemic in FCT Abuja and the general well-being of employees. The study concluded that lack of training affects performance of public administrators during COVID-19 pandemic in FCT Abuja. In light of these, the study recommended that seminars, workshops, conferences and in-house instructions should be organized for public administrators to ensure that every stakeholders are properly trained. Coaching and job rotation should be practically oriented for public administrators during COVID-19 pandemic in FCT Abuja to ensure that every stakeholders are properly trained. The government should empower organizations in various units with the training tools to improve performance of public administrators and give room for contributions for any changes on the training tools in use.
Keywords: Administrators, COVID-19, Pandemic, Performance, Training.
FRAUD AS A NAGATIVE CATALYST IN NIGERIA MONEY DEPOSIT BANK
1AYANWUYI JOHNSON AND 2FARAYOLA, AYO ADE
Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to provide possible ways in which fraud can be control and prevented in banking sector. The objective of the study is to asses the influence of bank distress on gross domestic product and to assess the influence of bank distress on unemployment rate. Literal work was reviewed for proper understanding and guidance, for the purpose of this research work simple random sampling was used through the administering of questionnaire to collect data from the staff of 21 banks with the total of 21 staffs, and secondary data were collected from text and journals. SPSS was use to analyze and interpret the data collected from the distributed questionnaires. Base on the finding of this research work it was discovered that fraud as a negative impact on the banking sector, for that reasons, some prevention measures were outlined in this research work such as regular internal audit and job rotation were recommended.
Keywords: Fraud, Bank distress, Gross Domestic Product, Fraud Prevention, negative impact, Money Deposit Banks.
INFLUENCE OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA
SUNUSI FATE
Department of Banking and Finance, School of Management Studies, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria
Abstract
The working capital management deals with the management of current assets and current liabilities, the purpose of the study is to determine the impact of working capital management practices on financial performance of small and medium manufacturing enterprises in Nigeria. The target population will be 176 SMEs from manufacturing sector. The study applied both probability and non probability sampling procedures to obtain a sample of 121 SMEs required for the study. To achieve the objective of the assessment, primary data was gathered using questionnaires. Secondary data will be gathered from past published scholarly articles explaining theoretical and empirical information on the influence of working capital management on the financial performance of SMEs growth in manufacturing sector. Inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficient will be use to analyze quantitative data. Pearson correlation coefficient will be use to determine the relationship between working capital management and financial performance. Based on the results, findings and conclusions the following recommendations have been deciphered. It is therefore recommended that the management of manufacturing companies to consider putting in place the recommended steps seen as probable ways of ensuring that their financial management practices are improved for better financial performance. For instance, the manufacturing companies should enhance the process of managing premium arrears as this could be a key to increased gross premium for respective companies
Keywords: Quality training, employee performance, human resource strategies
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN NIGERIA; AN EXPLORATION OF FOURTH REPUBLIC
SULEIMAN SULEIMAN
Department of Social Sciences, College of Administrative Studies and Social Sciences, Kaduna Polytechnic
Abstract
Political Participation And Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria with a particular emphasis on Nigeria’s fourth republic. The availability of participation opportunities and the concomitant enabling process and institutional pre-requisites, allied with positive political orientations to the political system, make it possible for citizens to choose their leaders at elections and also influence the public policy process, and ultimately, the longevity of the democratic system of government. The theoretical framework used was structural functionalism and research design used in the study was expos facto design and content analysis was used to evaluate the topic under discussion in line with each objectives. The study recommends among other things that, strong political mobilization can help in debasing rigging and other electoral vices in the system.
Keywords: Political Parties, Democracy, Democratic Consolidation, Fourth-Republic, Nigeria.
LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE EDUCATION IN NIGERIA, DEVELOPMENT, ISSUES AND CHALLENGES.
AUWAL MAGAJI ABUBAKAR; DEBORAH SARAH GADO; & AISHAT MUKHTAR KURABAU
Department of Library and Information Science, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna
ABSTRACT
Library and Information Science (LIS) education can only be meaningfully discussed within the context of education generally, and vis-a`-vis the cultural milieu for which it is provided. The growing globalization is equally a necessary factor to consider in this discussion, given its seeping impact on culture, economy and education, especially in developing countries. LIS education programs in Nigeria are offered at various tertiary level institutions—Colleges of Education, Polytechnics, and Universities. Such programs award certificates, diplomas, Higher National Diploma, HND, BLS, BLIS, MLS, MLIS, MSC, MARM, Ph.D. and vary in nomenclature, content, and grading system, depending on the awarding institution.
OVERCOMING THE UNDERDEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE IN AFRICA THROUGH DIGITAL TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT
1PROF. NJIMANTED, Godfrey FORGHA 2FORBE, Hodu NGANGNCHI & 3FOZOH, Isiah AZISEH
1Director, Higher Institute of Commerce and Management (HICM), University of Bamenda-Cameroon 2Head of Department of Organisational Sciences, Higher Institute of Commerce and Management (HICM), University of Bamenda-Cameroon 3Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Bamenda-Cameroon
Abstract
This study observed that Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) has for the first time in history intensified the use of digital technology for the delivery of services due to the hit of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, wwhen the continent has been struggling to improve on its human develpment indicators which are still dismal, and also when the rate of entrepreneurship activities in the cconnent is still gaining grounds. This current study therefore, investigates the impact of digital technology and entrepreneurship development on economic development in SSA as applicable in the COVID-19 pandemic era. Based on Regreesion models with Drisco-Kraay standard errors and the Causal mediation analysis, the resulted outcomes draws some key conclusions. From the baseline model estimates, we noted that both entrepreneurship development and digital technological advancements have the ability to enhance human development in Sub-Sahara Africa. The moderation outcomes show that the interaction between entrepreneurship development and digital technological advancement is positive indicating that the economic development enhancing effect of entrepreneurship development in Sub-Sahara Africa is stronger in African countries with higher levels of digital technological application. Again, the interaction of entrepreneurship development with human capital development, the inflation rate, trade openness, and global financial openness are all positive and significant, showing that the control variables improves on the positive effect of entrepreneurship development on economic development in Africa. We equally noted interestingly that the negative effect of inflation on human development is mitigated by entrepreneurship development. Moderating the effect of diital technogcal application with the vector of control variables suggests that digital technological progress does not have the strength to inhibit the negative effect of inflation on human development in Sub-Sahara Africa. We also, find that the human development enhancing effect of ICT use is stronger in countries with higher levels of human capital development. At the same time, the interaction of ICT use with trade openness, global financial openness, and control of corruption all gives positive coefficients. From our causal mediaation analysis, the estimates of the indirect effects indicatd that the usage of ICT in SSA indirectly reduces the economic development of the continent through new business density, the usage of ICT in SSA indirectly enhances economic development of the continent through human capital development, control of corruption, the inflation rate, and the openness of the continnt to foreign trade. For a policy perspective, we recommend that efforts in terms of national budget should be directed to commercial, vocational, and technical education for job creation contrary to general education for job seekers. In this light, more than 30% of the national budget should be directed to education with 20% of budget directed to commercial, industrial and technical education. We also recommend guided openness policy to avoid excess dependency on foreign technologies and improted inflation. In this light, Africans should develop the interest of consuming home produced goods by improving on their quality and life span. In this regard, the market share of African goods in the African market should be more than what we are experiencing today. That is, about 7:3 on 1.
Keywords: Under Development Challenge, Entrepreneurship Development, Technological Progress, ICT, Inflation, Human Capital, Education and Training.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND LIVELIHOOD IMPACTS OF RECURRING FLOOD EVENTS ON DOWNSTREAM COMMUNITIES OF SHIRORO DAM NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
AYUBA, BARNABAS; & PROF. AISHETU ABDULKADIR
Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
The devastating effect of the recurring flood has pose a serious environmental and livelihood impacts in the study area ranging from loss of arable land, crops, economic trees, animals and even lives and properties. The aim of this paper is to examine environmental and livelihood impacts of recurring flood events on downstream communities of Shiroro Dam, Niger State Nigeria. The sources of data used include primary and secondary. The primary sources include reconnaissance survey, questionnaire administration and purposive selection of affected communities and respondents of the study area In order to develop detailed and comprehensive literature review, the information was obtained from written documents. To achieve this therefore, data were sourced from the gazettes, internet facilities, text books, journals, published and unpublished thesis from University library etc. with regards to environmental and livelihood impacts of recurring flood events on downstream communities of dam internationally and locally. The methods of data analysis include frequency percentage, sustainable livelihood index, and 3-point Likert type scale. The result shows that 179 of the respondents believed that the major cause of recurring flood in the study area is from heavy rainfall, 110 of the respondents agreed that the major cause of recurring flood is due to overflow of Shiroro dam, siltation of the river ranked third with 57 of the respondents and blockage in the drainage ranked the least with one respondent. The damages of flood occurrences in the riparian communities include collapse of buildings and displacement, property destruction, loss of lives, farmland/crops submerge and loss of animals as indicated in the study. Damages as a result of recurring flood events in the study area were of different classes and magnitude as indicated in the study. Farmland/crops submerge ranked the highest with 30% of the respondents, collapse of buildings and displacement of people ranked second with 28% of the respondents, property destruction ranked third with 20% of the respondents, loss of lives ranked fourth with 18% of the respondents and loss of animals ranked the least with 4% of the respondents. The implication of damages as a result of flood occurrence in the study area is low standard of living, inadequate food security and environmental degradation. In conclusion, there is need to develop better and appropriate measures (as discussed under the implications and recommendations sections) to prepare and mitigate the environmental and livelihood impact of recurring flood events on downstream communities of Shiroro dam, Niger State, Nigeria.
Keywords: Flood, Recurring flood, Shiroro dam, and Downstream communities
COMPETENCIES NEEDED BY MOTOR VEHICLE MECHANIC WORKS TRADE TEACHERS FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN TECHNICAL COLLEGES IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
*ADAMU MARYAM MU’AZU; A.M IDRIS; B.N ATSUMBE; & R. AUDU
*Department of Industrial and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
Abstract
The study identified the competencies needed by motor vehicle mechanic works teachers for effective teaching in technical colleges in Niger State, Nigeria. Two research questions were raised and answered as well as two null hypotheses were formulated and test at 0.05 level of significant. The study adopted cross sectional survey research design. The study was conducted in Niger State, Nigeria. The targeted population for the study was 46 respondents comprising of 25 MVM works teachers and 21 administrators. The study utilized the whole population of the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled Motor Vehicle Mechanics Work Teachers Competency Needs Questionaire (MVMWTCNQ). The instruments were subjected to face and content validation by three experts. The reliability Coefficient of (MVMWTCNQ) was established using Cronbach’s Alpha statistics and yielded overall reliability coefficient of 0.83. Data were collected by administering copies of the instruments through hand delivery. The data collected were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and z-test. Findings from the study revealed that: 33 items (=3.61) were found to be subject matter competency needs, 29 items (=3.98) were found to be ICT competency needs, 32 items (=3.95) were found to be pedagogical competency needs, and 28 items (=3.77) were found to be affective competencies needed by MVM works teachers for effective teaching in technical colleges in Niger State, Nigeria. Findings from the study also revealed that there is no significance difference between the mean responses of MVW work teachers and administrators on the subject matter and pedagogical competencies needed by MVM work trade teachers for effective teaching in technical colleges in Niger State, Nigeria. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that: Niger State Science and Technical Schools Board should organize capacity building training for Motor Vehicle Mechanic works teachers in the area of Subject matter Competencies and Pedagogical Competencies competencies in order to enhance effective teaching of Motor Vehicle Mechanic works in technical colleges in Niger State, Nigeria. Keywords: Competencies, Motor Vehicle Mechanic Work, Teachers, Technical college
ASSESSMENT OF NUPE CULTURAL FEATURES TOWARDS ESTABLISHMENT OF TOURISM DESTINATION AT NUPEKO, NIGER STATE
*MOHAMMED AMINA, AYUBA PHILIP & MUHAMMD ISA BALA
Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria.
Abstract
The success of tourism in a community depends largely on the ability of the community to develop, create, manage and market tourist facilities within. It has been established that the need to harness tourism potential in Nigeria as a whole is of enormous concern. There is therefore need to showcase tourism through architecture in the country. The Nupe ethnic group, native in the Middle Belt of Nigeria is identified to be culturally rich in arts and crafts. However, previous studies have revealed that in spite of the natural human and physical resources available, tourism within the area is still at an appalling level, as these resources are left to lie fallow without any form of development. Tourism on the other hand requires that the residents of such communities are carried along towards showcasing their unique cultural attributes. To achieve this, questionnaires were distributed to selected family heads to generate information on key attributes of the people, as well as focus group discussions carried out with elderly members of the community in order to obtain data on historical cultural values and perception, spatial and cultural attributes of the people, in order to obtain unique characteristics. Also the findings showcased unique cultural attributes of the Nupe community. The data obtained was analysed using content analysis for the qualitative data on spatial analysis. The study conclusively identified the possibility of integrating cultural features, values and perceptions in the design of tourism destination at the historic town of Nupeko in Niger State, Nigeria.
Keywords: – Community, Cultural features, Destination, Nupe, Tourism
NON CURRENT LIABILITIES AND EARNINGS PER SHARE GROWTH IN SELECTED LISTED CONSUMER GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA
*S. ABDURRAZAQ; **DR M. N. AHMED; & **DR L. O. MUSTAPHA
*Department of Accountancy, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna. **Department of Accounting, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna
Abstract
The study examined the effect of non-current liabilities on the growth of earnings per share (EPSG) in listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The proxies for non-current liabilities were deferred tax liabilities (DTL), borrowings (BRW), retirement benefit obligations (RBO) and Lease liabilities (LSL). The research adopted was correlational research design. The population of the study was 21 listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The sample size was 10 selected listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria, using judgmental sampling technique. Content analysis of the annual reports of the selected companies was carried out in a trend of 10 years (2012 2021). The descriptive and inferential statistics were mean, standard deviation, regression analysis, t-test and chi-square, all were run STATA 13. The findings reveal that each of DTL, BRW and LSL is negative and insignificant on the EPSG. Only RBO is positive but also insignificant. The major recommendations hold that the managements of companies should review and reset maximum threshold of gearing in order to accommodate non-current liability items within debt-equity ratio set for capital structure.
Keywords: deferred tax liabilities, borrowings, retirement benefit obligations, lease liabilities and earnings per share growth.
IMPACT OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A THEORETICAL REVIEW
*MOHAMMED SHUAIBU; & **SOKOMBA JOSHUA
*Magaji International Enterprises Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. **Registry Department, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study titled Impact of Training and Development on Employee Performance: A Theoretical Review. The paper observed that training equips employees with the necessary knowledge to handle their assigned work tasks, but development is futuristic, looking at the skill set needed to handle new work jobs and holding positions of authority within the organization. The paper adopted the secondary method of data collection; the materials for this study will be sourced mostly from written works from libraries and archives they include: text books, journals, newspapers, and magazines. In fact, this research work is mainly based on secondary data. Previous studies, on training, employee performance, relationship between employee training and performance were discussed. The paper noted that the main objective of employee training and development is the inculcation of knowledge, skills, and attitudes relevant to a specific job. In other words, training is job-centered, meant to improve the performance of a jobholder. Training and development are based on the premise that the attitudes, skills, behaviors, capabilities and competencies of employees need to be improved in order to achieve organizational goals and objectives. Based on the review and discussion made, conclusions and recommendations which aim at improving employee performance were made with regard to employee training and development in various organizations.
Keywords: Employee, Training, Development, Performance, Organization
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS TO RURAL POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN ORIIRE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE.
MOMOHJIMOH, YUSUF.1 ALAO, ADEOYE OYEBISI.2 BOLARINWA SUNDAY OYEWALE3.
1Department of Agricultural Technology, Kogi State Polytechnic, PMB 1101 Lokoja, Kogi State Nigeria. 2Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso Oyo State, Nigeria. 3Department of Economics, Al-Hikmah University, PMB 1601 Ilorin, Nigeria.
Abstract:
This study analyzed the economic importance of Non-timber forest product to rural poverty alleviation in Oriire Local Government Area of Oyo state in 2014. Multistage sampling technique was used to collect data from 120 respondents in the study area. The data collected was subjected to both descriptive and inferential analysis. Descriptive statistics include the use of percentages, tables and mean to present the socio-economic characteristics. This study estimates the important contribution of NTFP to income and livelihood as well as the role and benefits of NTFP. Furthermore, a Tobit model is estimated as determining the factors influencing share of NTFP in income. Also, Logistic regression was used to present the determinants of share from NTFP. Majority (67.5%) of the farmers in this study area were male with a mean age of 42.93 and standard deviation of 10.02, greater percentage (79.17%) of the farmers were native of the area. More than half (56.7%) of the farmers (respondents) had access to land through inheritance, 36.67% of the respondents were within the age range of 41 – 50 years which formed the majority and active force of the respondents. Six independent variables that significantly contributed to the dependent variable (Income from NTFP) in the Tobit regression model were; number of hours of collecting NTFP, transportation cost, male age greater than 10years, income from livestock production, income from off-farm activities and income from crop production. Education level and size of land was found to be positive contributor to the dependent variable (Poverty status) in the Logistic regression. It is recommended that policies and strategies that aim at improving the welfare of rural people and natural resource conservation should give attention to the contribution of NTFP to the local people. Moreover, Government and NGOs should support and encourage NTFP and NTFP based activities as part of the diversified livelihood strategies in order to alleviate poverty in the rural areas. There should also be proper monitoring and prevention of unnecessary deforestation by government agencies from government reserved area so as to avert the going into extinction of some species / varieties of trees or NTFP.
Keywords: Non-timber forest products (NTFP), Poverty alleviation, Logic regression, Descriptive statistics.
FISCAL POLICY, MONETARY POLICY AND AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT IN NIGERIA
*M. O. LAWAL; & **S. S. ABERE
*Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Education, School of General Studies Education, Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo State, Nigeria. **Department of Economics, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria
Abstract
Controversies abound over the relative contributions of monetary and fiscal policies on different economies of the world. Previous studies in Nigeria focused on either the effect of monetary or fiscal policy on economic growth without taking cognizance of their joint effects on agricultural output. This study is carried out in order to identify the policy-mix that drives the agricultural output growth in Nigeria. The study utilizes the Quantity Theory of Money by the Monetarists vis-à-vis Keynesian Theory with time series data spanning from 1981 to 2020. The study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) techniques to achieve its objectives. The results reveal that money supply contributes 1.14% to the forecast error variance in agricultural output in the second year and it attains its peak of 3.1% in the third year before decreasing to 2.16% and 1.39% in the seventh and tenth years respectively. Government expenditure accounts for 0.003% of the forecast error variance in agricultural output in the second year and it reaches its peak of 5.63% in the third year before decreasing steadily as it accounts for 2.87% and 1.23% in the sixth and the tenth years respectively. Also, the results indicate that the interactive effect of government expenditure and money supply on agricultural output is positive and significant; implying that fiscal and monetary policies act as complement for agricultural output performance in Nigeria. Thus, the two-policy measures should be coordinated to maximize agricultural output.
Keywords: Fiscal policy, Monetary policy, Economic policy, Agricultural output, Vector error correction model
AVAILABILTY AND UTILISATION OF INTERNET SERVICES AND RESOURCES IN IBRAHIM BABANGIDA LIBRARY (MAUTECH), YOLA
*RAYMOND ANDREW WAZIRI; & **ESUWA AMOS KADAKALI
*Federal polytechnic Bali, Taraba state. **College of Education, Adamawa State
ABSTRACT
The study investigated ‘’the availability and utilization of Internet resources and services at Modibbo Adama university of Technology (MAUTECH) Yola’’. The objectives of the study were to determine the types of Internet services and resources that is available in the university library, the level of utilization of internet services and resources, the level of satisfaction of internet resources and services, the problems affecting the use of internet resources and services in university Library, four research questions were drawn from the four objectives, Survey research method was adopted. The study population is limited to the students of Modibbo Adama university of Technology, Yola. 5 of their total population was drawn for the study based on random sampling technique, {Bang and Gall (1999) recommendation}, The research instrument used was questionnaire, distributed to 515, while 422 were returned and use for this study giving a response rate of 81.9%. The data collected from the field was sorted, organized, presented and analyzed using frequencies count, tables and percentages. The major findings of this study indicates that the internet services and resources that are available in MA UTECH are Electronic mail (E-mail), world Wide Web (WWW), Internet chat facilities, FTP (Downloading) and Usenet. Majority of MAUTECH students (37. 7%) use World Wide Web (www) and other internet services and resources. They also use the internet services and resources for their assignments. On the level of satisfaction as a result of utilization of these internet resources and services majority of the respondents says it is fairly used. The study also revealed the constraints hindering the effective use of internet in MAUTECII these include obsolete and unreliable hardware, inadequate power supply, lack of skills, lack of infrastructure and network fluctuation.
Keywords: internet services, internet resources, MAUTECH university, Yola
ASSESSING JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHER’S COMPETENCY ON ITEM CONSTRUCTION AT BAUCHI STATE CENTRAL SENATORIAL ZONE
BABAYO MUHAMMAD OTHMAN
Department of psychometrics, AD Rufa’i College of Education, Legal & General Studies Misau, Bauchi State
ABSTRACT
The study examined junior secondary school teacher’s competency on items construction at Bauchi state central senatorial zone, using survey design. Participants were 155 teachers (Male=123, Female=32) selected using stratified random sampling technique from 25 out of 124 public secondary schools within the Zone. Research instrument was a self-constructed questionnaire, ‘Teacher’s Competency Scale (TCS) ’, the instrument consisted of 2 sections A and B. Section A solicited for Demographic information of respondents while section B posed questions related to item construction at various degree. The response format was on 4 point Likert scale weighted as, strongly agree (SA=4pts) Agree (A=3pts), Strongly Disagree (SD=2pts) and Disagree (DA=1pts). A measure of internal consistency using Cronbach alpha was determined and reliability coefficient of 0.84 was obtained which showed high degree of reliability of the instrument.. Data was analyzed using frequency count, simple percentages and chi-square cross tabulation. Results showed that majority of the teachers that write items in negative form didn’t capitalized or underline the items, similarly, the finding also revealed that part of the respondent didn’t arrange items in order of difficulty while constructing test item. Qualifications of Junior Secondary Teachers do not significantly influence their Competency in Item construction. The outcome also indicated that gender difference was statistically not significant; hence possession of technical skill on item construction is uniform among the participant. The researcher recommends that Teacher should consider arranging item in order of difficulty, especially from simple to complex. Doing this will motivate students in developing confidence while answering questions. An in-house training or workshop on item construction should be conducted, especially to those that lack education qualification as well as those having lowest teaching qualification.
Keywords: teacher’s competency, item construction, Junior Secondary schools
XENOTRANSPLANTATION: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES.
MARDHIYYAH MUNIR JA’AFAR
Baze University, Abuja
Abstract
Xenotransplantation is any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation or infusion into a human recipient of either live cells, tissues, or organs from a nonhuman animal source, or human body fluids, cells, tissues or organs that have had ex vivo contact with live nonhuman animal cells, tissues or organs. It is often suggested as an alternative to human organ transplantation due to the most daunting barrier to organ transplantation, which is the shortage of suitable human organs. Proponents of xenotransplantation state that transplanting animal organs into individuals with end-stage organ diseases will restore hope in them and will do away with the ethical issues in human-to-human transplantation such as the debates on organ allocation policies, consent, organ sale, using organs of heart-beating donors, anencephalic infants, embryo transplantation, and stem cells from embryos and foetuses. However, it is found out that xenotransplantation from animals to humans raises legal, ethical and religious issues and challenges such as the transmission of infectious diseases, the intense debate on the brutality in the use of animal organs as well as the controversy on whether the use of pig organs is permissible or forbidden in Islam. Consequently, this paper recommends the exercise of extreme caution in transplanting animal tissue/organs in humans due to the spread of infectious diseases and because such practice still remains experimental and controversial.
MACRO PROPERTIES ENHANCEMENT IN NATURAL RUBBER BY POLYNESIAN ARROW ROOT (AMORA) STARCH BIOFILLER THROUGH LATEX COMPOUNDING METHOD AND NANOSCALE DOWNSIZING.
UZOH, RAYMOND D.1, JILDAWA D.1 EGHAREVBA OWEN2, JOHN HARDY3
1.Department of Materials Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria. 2.Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN) Iyanomo, Edo State, Nigeria. 3.Department of Materials, University of Lancaster, UK.
ABSTRACT
An effort to partially replace carbon black as a filler in natural rubber polymers was attempted due to global concern on carbon black becoming a potential health risk to humans. More so incorporating natural starch as a biofiller in natural rubber through a new latex compounding procedure has introduced a new dimension in reducing the particle size of starch granule from few micrometer to nanoscale allowing it to mix and blend thoroughly with the natural rubber molecules supposedly at molecular level in the liquid medium during the co-coagulation process and at compounding. Enhancement in macro properties was observed when Polynesian arrow root (PAR) starch filler was introduced into natural rubber biopolymer in gelatinized form at 30 parts per hundred rubber (phr) in a latex compounding procedure. The PAR starch/natural rubber blend was compounded in a two-roll mill and cured by Sulphur vulcanization and accelerators system according to ASTM standard method, D3184-80. There was improvement in tensile strength, resilience and hardness in the newly formulated biopolymer-for tensile strength, PAR starch/natural rubber is 57.43Nm-2, unfilled rubber (NR) is 21.90Nm-2 and the Control (Carbon black filled Natural rubber) is 87.63Nm-2. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the formulated biopolymer is semi crystalline. Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) revealed the presence of the carbon-carbon double bond of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene molecule at stretching band of 1644.5cm-1 while O-H stretch for free hydroxyl and OH bonded gave 3865cm-1 and 3476cm-1 indicating the presence of starch molecule in the PAR starch/NR biopolymer. More so higher values of crosslink density from swelling tests, 33.5, 33.1 and 44.0molcm-3 at 10, 20 and 30phr filler loading is an evidence of strong filler-rubber interaction and adhesion at the interfaces produced by the hydrodynamic effect. Second evidence of strong filler-rubber interaction is the absence of phase separation during and after the compounding and curing processes hence PAR starch filler can partially replace carbon black as filler in natural rubber biopolymers with application in automobile tire manufacture with cost, weight and energy saving advantages.
Keywords: Natural rubber, Starch, Filler, Carbon black.
EFFECT OF TRAINING ON PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATORS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY ABUJA
1AHMED ALIYU TANKO, 2ADAMU ISYAKU IBRAHIM & 3JUSTIN SHEKWOYADU ZAKOYI.
1 Department of Business Administration & Management, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State – Nigeria. 2&3Department of Public Administration, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State – Nigeria.
Abstract
The outcome of coronavirus in 2020 had change the way everything is done in the world today, public administrators are expected to perform their duties diligently at the time that their services are needed to meet the challenges posed by COVID-19 but this is often not achieved in practice because their attitudes towards COVID-19 pandemic is too fearful. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of training on the performance of public administrators during COVID-19 pandemic in Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja. Survey method was used and data was analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Chi-square to test the formulated hypotheses. The findings showed that off the job training, on the job training and vestibule training has affected the performance of public administrators during COVID-19 pandemic in FCT Abuja and the general well-being of employees. The study concluded that lack of training affects performance of public administrators during COVID-19 pandemic in FCT Abuja. In light of these, the study recommended that seminars, workshops, conferences and in-house instructions should be organized for public administrators to ensure that every stakeholders are properly trained. Coaching and job rotation should be practically oriented for public administrators during COVID-19 pandemic in FCT Abuja to ensure that every stakeholders are properly trained. The government should empower organizations in various units with the training tools to improve performance of public administrators and give room for contributions for any changes on the training tools in use.
Keywords: Administrators, COVID-19, Pandemic, Performance, Training.
FRAUD AS A NAGATIVE CATALYST IN NIGERIA MONEY DEPOSIT BANK
1AYANWUYI JOHNSON AND 2FARAYOLA, AYO ADE
Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to provide possible ways in which fraud can be control and prevented in banking sector. The objective of the study is to asses the influence of bank distress on gross domestic product and to assess the influence of bank distress on unemployment rate. Literal work was reviewed for proper understanding and guidance, for the purpose of this research work simple random sampling was used through the administering of questionnaire to collect data from the staff of 21 banks with the total of 21 staffs, and secondary data were collected from text and journals. SPSS was use to analyze and interpret the data collected from the distributed questionnaires. Base on the finding of this research work it was discovered that fraud as a negative impact on the banking sector, for that reasons, some prevention measures were outlined in this research work such as regular internal audit and job rotation were recommended.
Keywords: Fraud, Bank distress, Gross Domestic Product, Fraud Prevention, negative impact, Money Deposit Banks.
INFLUENCE OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA
SUNUSI FATE
Department of Banking and Finance, School of Management Studies, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria
Abstract
The working capital management deals with the management of current assets and current liabilities, the purpose of the study is to determine the impact of working capital management practices on financial performance of small and medium manufacturing enterprises in Nigeria. The target population will be 176 SMEs from manufacturing sector. The study applied both probability and non probability sampling procedures to obtain a sample of 121 SMEs required for the study. To achieve the objective of the assessment, primary data was gathered using questionnaires. Secondary data will be gathered from past published scholarly articles explaining theoretical and empirical information on the influence of working capital management on the financial performance of SMEs growth in manufacturing sector. Inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficient will be use to analyze quantitative data. Pearson correlation coefficient will be use to determine the relationship between working capital management and financial performance. Based on the results, findings and conclusions the following recommendations have been deciphered. It is therefore recommended that the management of manufacturing companies to consider putting in place the recommended steps seen as probable ways of ensuring that their financial management practices are improved for better financial performance. For instance, the manufacturing companies should enhance the process of managing premium arrears as this could be a key to increased gross premium for respective companies
Keywords: Quality training, employee performance, human resource strategies
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN NIGERIA; AN EXPLORATION OF FOURTH REPUBLIC
SULEIMAN SULEIMAN
Department of Social Sciences, College of Administrative Studies and Social Sciences, Kaduna Polytechnic
Abstract
Political Participation And Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria with a particular emphasis on Nigeria’s fourth republic. The availability of participation opportunities and the concomitant enabling process and institutional pre-requisites, allied with positive political orientations to the political system, make it possible for citizens to choose their leaders at elections and also influence the public policy process, and ultimately, the longevity of the democratic system of government. The theoretical framework used was structural functionalism and research design used in the study was expos facto design and content analysis was used to evaluate the topic under discussion in line with each objectives. The study recommends among other things that, strong political mobilization can help in debasing rigging and other electoral vices in the system.
Keywords: Political Parties, Democracy, Democratic Consolidation, Fourth-Republic, Nigeria.
LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE EDUCATION IN NIGERIA, DEVELOPMENT, ISSUES AND CHALLENGES.
AUWAL MAGAJI ABUBAKAR; DEBORAH SARAH GADO; & AISHAT MUKHTAR KURABAU
Department of Library and Information Science, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna
ABSTRACT
Library and Information Science (LIS) education can only be meaningfully discussed within the context of education generally, and vis-a`-vis the cultural milieu for which it is provided. The growing globalization is equally a necessary factor to consider in this discussion, given its seeping impact on culture, economy and education, especially in developing countries. LIS education programs in Nigeria are offered at various tertiary level institutions—Colleges of Education, Polytechnics, and Universities. Such programs award certificates, diplomas, Higher National Diploma, HND, BLS, BLIS, MLS, MLIS, MSC, MARM, Ph.D. and vary in nomenclature, content, and grading system, depending on the awarding institution.
Keywords: Library, library education, Library and Information science, Development, Issues and challenges.
EVALUATION OF FLOOD RESILIENCE STRATEGIES AS CLIMATE ADAPTATION FOR RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES IN LEKKI, LAGOS.
*BARDE D. J. AND ISAH A. D.
Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger state, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The impact of flooding in recent times on housing are increasing with rapid urban expansion in both developed and developing countries. Various studies have shown the relationship between high flood levels in coastal regions and climate change which causes an increase in sea levels and ocean degradation. The rising flood frequency affects the residents of Lekki peninsula, destroys an array of urban infrastructure, disrupts economic activities and becomes a threat to sustainable development. This study aims at evaluating flood resilience strategies as response to the increasing flood vulnerabilities in residential properties in Lekki, Lagos state. Due to the empirical evidences the variables employed to evaluate Flood resilience and climate adaptation include: the elevation of land, building strategies for resilience and the water levels in Lekki, Lagos state. A Quantitative research approach was used where questionnaire survey was administered to the residents of Lekki, Lagos state. The data collected were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. It was discovered that residential properties were affected by the increased flood risk with major damages to the structural stability, building façade, life and properties of the occupants of these residential properties. The findings showed that the residents applied flood resilient strategies that were inadequate to control flood. The research advanced the use of water inclusion and water entry technologies as the strategies adopted in designing residential properties that are adaptable to the flood and climate conditions. The study recommends the construction of proper drainage channels to enable efficient draining of flood water, water proofing of the building structure to keep the structural stability in check and the adaptation of amphibious technology water front design, elevated buildings and floating structures to adapt to the costal environment. In conclusion, the type of flood, the environment and Informed historical data affect the choice of strategy employed in resisting flood risk and adapting to climate change and this is the new climate reality.
EFFECTS OF JIGSAW STRATEGY ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION OF SENIOR SECONDARY STUDENTS’ IN CONCEPT OF BIOLOGY AT JOS NORTH PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
JOHN, RACHEAL ABIKE (DARAMOLA, SIEKPE)
Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Education, University of Jos
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effects of Jigsaw strategy on the academic achievement and retention of senior secondary school students in Biology in Jos North Local Government area of Plateau State, Nigeria. The quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test group design was used for the study involving the experimental and control groups. 1,196 SS II students of Biology constituted the population of the study where 196 were sampled and assigned as experimental and control groups as intact classes. School A was selected as the control group with 165 students consisted of 68 participants with 38 male students and 30 female and School B with 97 students was selected as the experimental group with 58 males and 39 females for the study. A Biology Achievement Test (BAT) was used for Data collection. Findings from the study indicated a gap between the students taught using the Jigsaw strategy and those taught using the lecture method in favour of the Jigsaw method. Recommendations were made on bridging the gap between the use of teacher-centred and student-centred pedagogical approach to improve the teaching and learning of biology in senior secondary schools in the area of study.
Key words: Biology, achievement, retention, Jigsaw IV, gender and lecture method.
WASTE MANAGEMENT: A MEANS OF ACHIEVING A SUSTAINABLE HOUSING, URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTHY LIVING ENVIRONMENT
OTITOYOMI, SUNDAY EMMANUEL
Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Abstract.
The problem of waste generation and disposal is fast becoming a major challenge for most urban areas in Nigeria today as street are seen to be littered with various waste materials. This problem arises because of the influx of people into urban centres and the various forms of activities carried out by the increasing population living in these urban areas. This paper seeks to carefully examine the various activities that have the highest capacity in terms of waste generation. A study will also be conducted on the effects of waste disposal trends within urban areas and examine waste management procedures that will ensure that waste is carefully handled. Series of literatures on waste management in the urban environment will be examined to ascertain the volume of waste generated, the types of waste and the causes of indiscriminate waste disposal. A study of sustainable waste management processes will also be examined to come up with effective measures that can be put in place to properly manage waste. A waste management strategy that is sustainable will be developed and recommended to ensure that the health issues caused by improper waste disposal are minimized and that waste materials are disposed in an efficient and eco-friendly manner.
Keywords: waste, waste disposal, sustainable, urban areas
RE-INVENTING THE CONCEPT OF FLEXIBLE SPACES FOR SHOPPING MALLS IN KUGBO, ABUJA, NIGERIA
*NWODOH, LINDA OGECHUKWU; & **EZE, CHUKWUDUM JASPER
*Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The process of reinventing spaces within the mall would deliver a product, be it an office space or social space that would provide tenants with spaces which are valuable, needed and useful. This shows an appreciation of prevailing trends and the need for shopping mall spaces to be transformed to alternative uses that can breathe life into it. As a result of changes in human behaviour and technological advancement, the need for flexible space creation is on the increase. This change is most evident in commercial facilities where rigid and solid wall construction is the norm and poses a limitation for expansion as a result of the growth of commercial establishments. The aim of this paper is to make spaces within the mall flexible so that the spaces can be transformed to serve various purposes as the need arise. The methodology used in this research is the descriptive research method. This study involved literature review and case study of selected shopping malls in Abuja, Nigeria. Content analysis was utilized in analysing and reporting data collected from the literature review and case studies. The result from this show that some of the shopping malls visited are not flexible enough to be used for other purposes. It therefore concludes that the study will promote flexibility of mall spaces for multiple uses thereby making it easily marketable. It therefore recommends that Architects and designers should improve on their design to encourage flexibility of spaces for multiple use.
Keywords: Commercial, Design, Flexible, Shopping Mall, Trends, Re-invent
PREVALENCE OF OPPORTUNISTIC PARASITIC INFECTIONS IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS ATTENDING BAYARA GENERAL HOSPITAL, BAUCHI.
1DANYA’U, M., 2SAMAILA, A.B., 2PANDA, S. M., 3YUSUF, U.
1School of Public Health Tech., College of Health Technology Ningi, Bauchi State. 2Biological Science Department, School of Science, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi. 3School of General Health Science, College of Health Technolgy Ningi, Bauchi State.
Abstract
One of the major health problems among immunocompromised patients are opportunistic infections due to the deficient immunity. Furthermore, intestinal opportunistic parasitic infections, which are also one of the basic health problems in tropical regions, are common in these patients. Infection by opportunistic pathogens, including various forms of intestinal opportunistic parasites has been the major problem of HIV since the beginning of the epidemic. This work aimed to study the Prevalence of Opportunistic Parasitic Infections in Immunocompromised Patients Attending Bayara General Hospital, Bauchi. Patient stool specimens were examined as fresh wet mounts, formal-ether concentration technique and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. Data was obtained from 200 study patients selected by convenience sampling method. The overall prevalence of opportunistic parasitic infections was found to be 23(11.5%). Four types of intestinal opportunistic parasites were identified, the most dominant being Cryptospridium parvum 11(5.5%), Isospora belli 9(4.5%), Cyclospora cayetanensis 2(1%) and Microsporidium (Septata intestinalis) 1(0.5%). The study indicated the higher prevalence in patients with <200 CD4+ count. The research also found that socioeconomic conditions such as educational background had significant relationship with the parasitic infections. Use of portable drinking, observance of good sanitation and hygiene were also recorded in the study area. Severe Infections recorded during the study were 234.8 degree, lights infections, 93.9 degrees and moderate infections were only 31.3degrees.
Key word: HIV/AID, Severe infection, Immuno-compromised, Opportunistic infections, public Health.
DETERMINATION OF CAFFEINE CONTENT IN SOME COMMONLY CONSUMED TEA BRANDS IN TARABA STATE
ANANIAS AMEN
Federal Polytechnic Bali, Department of Biochemistry/ Chemistry
Abstract
Caffeine is one of the most commonly use substance found in green seed coffee, green tea (Camellia sinensis) and other tea brand. Caffeine-containing products have been consumed for hundreds of years for their pleasant flavor and stimulating effects. The aim of this study is to determine the concentration of caffeine in some commonly consumed tea in Taraba state. Each tea sample was introduced into a 250ml beaker containing water and was boiled with the addition of Calcium trioxocarbonate to evaporate tannins. The solution was allowed to cool after filtration after which liquid to liquid extraction was done. Two layers of the solution was formed when tetra chloromethane was introduced into the solution. The caffeine moves into the tetrachloride phase since it is more soluble in carbon tetrachloride than water. Caffeine concentration present in SAM tea, Hilltop tea, Lipton tea, Top tea and Highland tea were calculated and showed values of 0.29, 0.17, 0.34, 1.05 and 0.34 in mg/ml. Top tea has the highest caffeine content, followed by Highland tea and Lipton tea. The least is hill top tea. The concentration of caffeine in top tea is the highest as a result, it would be the highest central nervous system stimulant among the other sample tested. This implies it could have a damaging effects among consumers, therefore, consumers’ consumption of the beverage is to be minimized. Caffeine sometimes can cause negative health effect in some individuals, therefore quantities of caffeine need to be shown on the label for the interest of those consuming them.
Keywords: Caffeine, Coffee, Tea, Stimulant, beverages.
ASSESSMENT OF PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION OF HOUSING QUALITY IN
DOWN QUARTERS, KADUNA METROPOLIS
1MANSUR BELLO; 2HAUWA UMAR ABERE; & 3 ABDULKARIM ABDULMUMIN MANGA
1&2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna 3Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Waziri Umar Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi
ABSTRACT
Man’s perception of the environment is considered so fundamental that it becomes the main point of departure for any analysis of man-environment relations. Man reaches decisions and takes action within the framework of his perceived sets of elements and links rather than any externally defined “objective set”. Though studies have shown that quality of housing development in most parts of Nigeria’s urban area are of less quality compared to other parts of the developed world, but that of Down Quarters area, which is a neighbourhood within Kaduna metropolis is not yet ascertained. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the housing quality status using; Perception of Households on Infrastructure Quality and Perception of Households on Housing Quality in the study area. The study was carried out at Down Quarters which is located within Nigeria Railway Corporation in Kaduna Metropolis of Kaduna South local Government Area. The survey method was adopted in the survey of residents, a sample size of 321 drawn by systematic sampling from the total research population of 1982. Questionnaires were administered to 321 respondents and retrieved. The research instruments used were: satellite imagery, questionnaire, camera, reconnaissance survey/observation, and personal interview were utilized as data collection instruments. The data collected with these instruments were analysed with a variety of statistical tests; descriptive statistics, and inferential statistics (Likert scale and Chi (x2) Distribution for the analyses) using the SPSS packages. The overall condition of infrastructure was rated poor (2.21). That is, resident’s ratings of the conditions of infrastructure give a HQI of 2.21 (poor). The current deteriorated state of housing in Down Quarters is in terms of poor building condition, roofing, walls, floor, window, door, toilet bathroom, ceiling, ventilation and lighting. The paper recommends that people’s perception should be sought in all physical planning to reveal the level of understanding of residents and their habitats to have adequate and better information that lead to more enlightened decision of the policy makers.
Keywords: People, Perception, Housing, Quality, Infrastructure, Household
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN NIGER DELTA: A STUDY OF CHRISTIE WATSON’S SUNBIRDS FAR AWAY
SHEHU GARBA SUNUSI
Department of General Studies, the Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi.
Abstract
The global outcry of ecological degradation by human beings has been an emerging thematic focus in the creative oeuvres of writers and eco-critics in the literary domain as regards the degraded Niger Delta region of Nigeria and its consequent activism amongst her people. No doubt the Niger Delta is a region that has suffered gross neglect and devastation by oil companies who have continued to degrade the environment through oil spills and pollution which has poisoned the ecosystem. This has serious implications on the socioeconomic and political life of the people of the Niger Delta. The implications include exploitation, poverty, violence and insecurity, instability and hosts of others. This study adopts ecocriticism as its theoretical framework. Based on the findings of this research, it is evident that the unguided oil exploration activities by multinational oil companies as well as self-induced actions among characters spell doom on the environment as both living and non-living things become negatively affected in all ramifications. It is worthy of note that the author, has succeeded in using the text under study as channel of creating global awareness towards promoting environmental conservation and various means of entrenching peace in the fictional devastated Niger Delta environment.
Keywords: Socio-economic, political, implication, environment, degradation
ASSESSMENT OF E-LEARNING AMONG STUDENTS OF TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA (TARABA STATE: CASE STUDY)
JACKSON, SOYINKA MALANTSO
Department of Biochemistry/Chemistry, the Polytechnic Bali.
Abstract
The study examined the assessment of e-learning among students of tertiary institution in sub-Saharan Africa Taraba state case study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design to select three hundred and sixty (360) students across different departments from six tertiary institutions within the state. Data were obtained by administering a closed-ended questionnaire. Collected data from the questionnaire were analyzed using a simple percentage frequency. Findings of the research study revealed that e-learning facilities are available in the tertiary institutions within the state even though they are not frequently used. Based on the findings, recommendations were proffered
Keywords: E-learning, Assessment, Sub-Sahara, Taraba, Utilization.
INVESTIGATING THE COGNITIVE DEMAND OF TEACHER – MADE MATHEMATICS TEST IN MISAU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAUCHI STATE NIGERIA
BABAYO MUHAMMAD OTHMAN
Department of psychometrics, AD Rufa’i College of Education, Legal & General Studies Misau, Bauchi State
ABSTRACT
The study investigated the cognitive demand of teacher-made Mathematics test in Misau Local Government, Bauchi State, Nigeria. The study adopted Causal comparative (Ex-post factor) design from total population of fifty-seven (57) Mathematics teachers consisting of 46 males and 11 females, A total of 174 sample of TMT was retrieve from teachers, and is restricted to mathematics teachers from public senior secondary schools, all the population was used for this research. The researcher developed a Test Investigation Guide (TIG) for TMT. One research question was answered and four hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05level of significant. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistic; frequency counts and percentages to answer research question, while Chi-square (cross-tabulation) was used to test the four hypotheses. The study revealed that, 56% teachers’ in Misau Local government set their test item to measure higher cognitive demand whereas about 44% of their items measures low cognition. The frequency of cognitive level of test items found on TMT between experience and in-experience teachers is retained but rejected in-relation to qualification. Lastly, there is no significant differences among teachers’ on placement of specific verbs in testing cognitive functioning of students with regard to working experience and qualification, the study recommended that teachers’ level of awareness should be raised to the level that they expand the status of their test items to measure the remaining aspect of cognition. Regular workshop and seminars on Bloom’s Taxonomy should be extended to the various levels of cognition. Teachers’ should update their status regarding verb usage on the context of the item and the complexity of the action for testing different depth-of-knowledge levels. Doing this would help teachers in the development of instructional methods that efficiently uses student’s limited cognitive processing capacity to stimulate their ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills to new situations.
Keywords: cognitive demand, Mathematics teacher- Made Test, Test Investigation Guide, hypotheses, Bloom’s Taxonomy
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRIPLETS SURFACE DETERMINED WITH DGPS AND AUTOMATIC LEVEL
ZAKARI, DANLADI; AHMED, BABAYO; ADAMU MAKAMA PINDIGA; ABUBAKAR ABDULKADIR
Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State.
ABSTRACT
Dual Frequency Global Positioning System (DGPS) has emerged as a successful technology in providing precise positions of points on the surface of the earth over the reference ellipsoid with sub-metre level of accuracy. DGPS is one of the most frequently used positioning methods in geodesy. The end products of surveying with this receiver gives geodetic latitude (ϕ), geodetic longitude (λ) and ellipsoidal height (h) which were obtained with reference to the ellipsoid. This research involved the determination of Geoidal undulation for the production of Geoidal map. The objectives include the determination of orthometric, ellipsoidal and geoidal heights, to use orthometric and ellipsoidal height for the purpose of aspect and slope map comparison. DGPS receiver and precise Level instruments were used to obtain ellipsoidal and orthometric heights of the study area respectively. Geoidal heights were derived from the differences between ellipsoidal heights and orthormetric heights. The adjusted orthormetric heights obtained from precise Level and the ellipsoidal heights which are part of the geodetic/Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates obtained from DGPS were post processed using spectrum survey office Software. The Geoidal map, aspect map and slope map were created using ArcGIS 10.2.1 Software version. The Microsoft Office Excel was used to deduce the ellipsoidal heights, orthormetric heights and geoidal undulations for the production of Geoidal Map of the study Area. The statistical analysis of the result met the precision of second order geodetic control network and levelling specifications. The mean value of the geoidal heights determined is 43.650 metre which could be used as the geoid within the study area.
KEYWORDS: Global Positioning System, Orthormetric, Ellipsoidal and Geoidal heights
ASSESSMENT OF VARIATION IN EVAPORATION RATE AS EVIDENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN SOME COMMUNITIES OF FORMER MEGA CHAD, BORNO STATE NORTH EAST NIGERIA
- N. DOGO (PhD.)¹, M. H. IBRAHIM², M. BELLO IBRAHIM3, Z. SHETTIMA BUKAR4 AND IHSAN. MUHAMMAD5
¹Department of Geography, School of Social Sciences, Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-Kanemi College of Education Science and Technology PMB 16 Bama Borno State Nigeria ²Department of Geography, Faculty of Human Sciences, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak Malaysia 3Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Maiduguri Borno State Nigeria 4Department of Geography, School of Social Sciences, Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-Kanemi College of Education Science and Technology PMB 16 Bama Borno State Nigeria 5Department of Geography and Environment, Faculty of Human Sciences, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Perak Malaysia
ABSTRACT
This study is to look at the assessment of variation in evaporation rate as evidences of climate change in some communities of former mega Chad, Borno state north-east Nigeria. The objectives were to: assess the evidences of climate changes in communities of former Mega-Chad, measure the variation rate of evaporation in those communities located at the shores of the former Mega-Chad, analyse the data collected from meteorology station to present outcome as evidences; The data used in this study were generated from secondary source only; the secondary data sourced from Meteorology station were analysed using trend analysis of time series to assessed the evidence of climate change in the study area, Journal articles, Conference proceedings and papers, Books, Photographs and other relevant sources were all consulted to have related information’s on the variation in evaporation rate as evidences of climate change in some communities of former Mega Chad, Borno State North East Nigeria; Few Possible recommendations were also made for future studies.
IMPACT OF QUALITY TRAINING STRATEGIES ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA
SADIQ ABUBAKAR ILELAH
Department of Public Administration and Management, School of Management Sciences, Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria
Abstract
Employee performance is a very important facet of modern day human resources management. Employers adopt strategic human resource strategies to continuously enhance their employees’ performance. Employers have adopted human resources policies and practices with an aim of improving their employees’ performance. However, despite such policies and practices, it remains unclear why employee performance has been perennially low. The study will employ a descriptive research design. Simple random sampling technique will be use to select the sample. Data will be collected using questionnaires which will be administered to the respondents in Nigeria by the researcher. Data analysis will be done with the aid of SPSS version 22 statistical software. Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used in analyzing the data. Hypotheses will be tested using the p-value approach at 95% level of confidence and the results will be presented in tables. The study will be significant in formulation of policies to address employee performance.
Keywords: Quality training, employee performance, human resource strategies.
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) APPROACH IN MAPPING THE DISTRIBUTION AND MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOLS IN BAUCHI STATE
1SURV. UMAR, SHUAIBU, 2SURV. SANI MOHAMMED JAWALUDDEEN 3SURV. MOHAMMED NANOH BELLO
1 &2Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria3Department of surveying and Geo-informatics, Waziri Umaru Federal polytechnic Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi state. Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Adopting a modern method of facilities management such as Geographic Information System (GIS) will improve the quality of teaching and learning. This study was carried out to map out and evaluate the facilities in the schools within Dass local government area of Bauchi state. The position of schools were observed and recorded using a hand held Global Positioning system (GPS), questionnaires were administered to all schools, collected and analyzed. Analogue map of the study area (Dass) was converted to a digital format through scanning and digitization and subsequently geo-referenced. The positions of school were plotted and database created based on the attribute information collated. Thus, this study sees to how GIS system is applied in distribution and management of schools in Dass Local Government Area of Bauchi state. Data from the field were processed, analyzed, summarized and queried using AutoCAD 2000i, and Arc view GIS 3.2a software. A digital map showing the strategic geographical distributions (locations) of the various schools was finally produced and printed out as a product for presentation. The main discovery was that the schools in Dass are not evenly distributed and there are few schools as compared to the increasing population. And also, the schools lack the various social and infrastructural facilities as well as equipments.
Keywords: Geographic Information System (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Analogue, Geo-referenced.
DEMOCRACY, DEMOCRATISATION AND POLITICAL PARTIES: AN OVERVIEW OF NIGERIAS FOURTH REPUBLIC
SULEIMAN SULEIMAN
Department of Social Sciences, College of Administrative Studies and Social Sciences, Kaduna Polytechnic
Abstract
Consolidating democracy requires good governance by democratic regimes. It also demands upholding democratic values of popular participation, respect for the rule of law, free and fair elections and the independence of the judiciary. Good governance essentially promotes improved welfare of the people, transparency and accountability by public managers in the conduct of state affairs and reduces corruption to the barest minimum. This Paper examines the democratic consolidation in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. The Paper argues that sustained poor political leadership has seriously threatened the survival of democracy in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. The absence of good governance explained in terms of defective constitutional arrangement, corruption, economic mismanagement, undemocratic internal party politics, fraudulent electoral system, rule of man as against rule of law and lack of accountability and transparency are the major impediments to democratic consolidation in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. The methodology for this paper is analytical. The paper recommends among other things that it is important to review the 1999 constitution for better governance.
Keywords: Democracy, Democratic Consolidation, Political Parties, Fourth-Republic, Nigeria.
IMPACT OF ORPHANAGE HOME ON THE CHILD PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
AFORKA LILIAN EMEKA
Department of Social Sciences, School of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Oko
ABSTRACT
The orphanage home is one of the numerous social institution that have emerged over the year to carter for some of the social needs of orphanage associated with such problems. Motherless babies have nowadays become common because of the moral decadence of the society young people who cannot cater for themselves find themselves put in the family way they end up find abandoning those innocent helpless babies. The increasing hardship because of the present economic recession has increased the incidence of burden family relationship and the consequent loss of firm control of family members. This has tended as evidence by the increasing number of abandoned babies such babies have become the central focus of the orphanage home the impact of orphanage home on child personality development that is the behaviour pattern of social behariour on child personality development. The research try to compare children between the age of one (1) month to three (3) years that grows up in orphanage home to those that grow-up with their parent children from the orphanage behave in a unique pattern thereby displaying some certain social behaviour attitude that could be associated with the up bringing in the orphanage home. I want to find out the positive and negative aspect of orphanage home on children personality development generally. Any baby that lost his or her parent especially the mother by what every means become mentally ill once it is discovered the illness is taken from the mother by the orphanage children abandon in hospital or on the street are taken to the orphanage home. Social welfare services and training of professional social workers of all categories social workers can succeed out making their contribution towards realizing their objective of government in improving people welfare only after they have keenly understood the problem. The causes and the effect of those people on he community the desertation is an attempt toward such changes taking place and their documentation the study will focus on the impact of the orphanage home on child personality development in the later parts of his life. The Kaduna orphanage home is the birth child of Jammiyyar Matan Arewa. The Jamiyar Matan Arewa itself is a social organization of northern women established on the 27th May 1963 it was aimed at unifying the women folk and providing hem with a forum of welfare activities. The organization was to be non-political and it membership was to be opened to all tribes religions or social status at the very first meeting of the Jammiyar Matan Arewa which took place in the house of General Hassan Usman Katsina a steering committee was set up to carry on the task of mobilizing women for the association and also to plan and organize fund raising activities to meet up the financial obligation of the association.
RESEARCH AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC VIEWS IN NIGERIA TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: CHALLENGES, PROSPETS AND BENEFITS
*SOKOMBA JOSHUA; & **MOHAMMED SHUAIBU
*Registry Department, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. **Magaji International Enterprises, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract:
Research is one of the basic functions of tertiary institutions. This paper attempts to identify the challenges, prospects and the benefits of research in Nigeria tertiary institutions to socio-economic development. These challenges among others are poor funding, corruption, inadequate educational facilities, misplacement of priority and attitude of government and society etc. The following recommendations were proffered: adequate funding of research institutes and tertiary institutions, provision of research facilities and equipment, conducive working environment for researchers, training of academic staff as well as change in government and societal attitude towards research.
Keywords: Research, socio-economic status, tertiary institutions, academic staff, development, funding
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF SOME SELECTED QUARRY SITES ON THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR QUALITY IN ABUJA MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL, FCT, NIGERIA
WHINGAN OLOYEDE MATTHEW; & AHMED ABUBAKAR SADAUKI
Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology Minna
Abstract
Abuja Municipal Area Council is one of the locations in Nigeria that is generally associated with environmental degradation resulting air quality depletion from unsustainable natural resources exploration activities like quarrying. Quarrying in some part of the study area is intense with a lot of associated gases released into the atmosphere. The aim of this paper is to assess the impacts of quarry sites on the atmospheric air quality in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Nigeria. The sources of data used include primary and secondary. The primary data include air pollutants samples, reconnaissance survey, questionnaire administration and oral interview. Secondary data were sourced from the gazettes, internet facilities, text books, journals, published and unpublished thesis from University library with regards to the impacts of quarry sites on the atmospheric air quality in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Nigeria. The methods of data analysis used include both qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods. The result shows that during the dry season, Wumba district ranked the highest in edges sample data with 900µg/m3 and the least was located in Garki village with 400 µg/m3. In 750m away from the quarry sites, Wumba district and Dutse ranked the highest with 270 µg/m3 while Garki village ranked the least with 120 µg/m3. This revealed that PM10 values in dry season tends to decrease with distance away from the quarry sites of the study area. While during the rainy season, Guzape ranked the highest in edges sample data with 300µg/m3 and the least was located in Garki village with 180µg/m3. In 750m away from the quarry sites, Dutse ranked the highest with 70µg/m3 while Garki village ranked the least with 20µg/m3. This revealed that PM10 values in rainy season tends to decrease with distance away from the quarry sites of the study area. The finding also shows that decrease agricultural yields ranked the highest with 40%, yellowish of some agricultural plant leaves ranked second with 29.3%, destruction of farmlands ranked third with 21.3% and inadequate germination of agricultural seeds ranked the least with 9.4% of the respondents. This shows that the major impact of quarry air pollutants on agricultural activities was decrease agricultural yields. An understanding of the source of the air pollutants is very important in the control and prevention of atmospheric emissions especially from point sources. The paper discovered that there was significant disparity in the observed concentrations of the atmospheric pollutants under consideration at different times within the study location. The study observed remarkable spatial and temporal variations of PM10, CO, VOC, SOx and NOx across the study area. The values of PM10, CO, NOx and SOx showed elevated concentrations of these pollutants in the dry season when compared with rainy season, indicating significant anthropogenic inputs which may include higher vehicular movement, quarrying activities and emissions due to industrial activities within the study area.
Keywords: Quarry sites, Air quality, Quarrying and AMAC
AN ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS’ SATISFACTION WITH FACILITIES MANAGEMENT PRACTICE OF PROVIDED SERVICES IN ABUBAKAR TAFAWA BALEWA UNIVERSITY BAUCHI
*SALAWU OLUKAYODE ADEWUYI; **TINUFA ANTHONY ABBEY; & ***ADEMU OKPANACHI YUSUF**
*Estate Management Department, Kaduna State University.**Estate Management and Valuation Department, Federal Polytechnic Idah. ***Estate Management and Valuation Department, Federal Polytechnic Idah **
Abstract
Facilities management are activities carried out with the key role of integrating people, process, place and technology to minimise costs and maximise value and competitive advantage. In Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University (A.T.B.U) Bauchi, provided services such as libraries, information technology centres, laboratories, hostels, green areas, shops, retail outlets, services, facilities, environment, are provided and are managed in ensuring that those provided services do not impede the activities and outcomes of students and staff of A.T.B.U. Bauchi. This academic work examined the level Students’ Satisfaction with Facilities Management Practice of Provided Services in A.T.B.U. Bauchi. Research survey was conducted using questionnaire with close-ended questions, open-ended questions and Likert-scaled questions. Data analysed with S.P.S.S © package version 25, revealed that students of A. T. B. U. Yelwa Campus in Bauchi were more satisfied with facilities management pactices employed in managing Electricity supply, security services, Computer Business Centres, Food Canteens, Internet Services, which were ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th respectively.
INVESTIGATING COLLEGE LECTURER’S COMPETENCY IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS (MCI) AT AD RUFA’I COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, LEGAL AND GENERAL STUDIES MISAU, BAUCHI STATE
BABAYO MUHAMMAD OTHMAN
Department of psychometrics, AD Rufa’i College of Education, Legal & General Studies Misau, Bauchi State
ABSTRACT
The research was on investigating lecturer’s competence on constructing Multiple Choice Items (MCI).The research design employed was descriptive survey as well as ex-post factor design. The population of the study was lecturers at AD Rufa’i college of Education, Legal and General Studies, Misau. The sample encompasses those teaching at General Study’s unit. Three research objectives with corresponding hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Beside past question papers, the researcher developed a questionnaire tittle College Lecturer’s Competence in the Construction of Multiple Choice Items (CLCMCI). The instrument has face validity and a reliability of internal consistency established using Cronbach alpha value of 0.853 was obtained. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics: Frequency counts, percentage and inferential statistics; chi-square cross tabulation The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Findings indicated that: Multiple choice items (MCI) are considered because it measure various cognition hence has a very high content validity, Those that write items in negative form didn’t capitalized or underline the items, but while constructing item, the stem of their item clearly formulate a problem, similarly, table of specification are not put into consideration before planning the MCI. The chi-square cross tabulation revealed that: The null hypothesis which states that, there is no significant difference toward frequent used of MCI in relation to Gender is retained, likewise, The null hypothesis which states that, there is no significant difference on awareness toward writing MCI in relation to Qualifications is retained. Lastly. The hypothesis which stated that there is no significant difference among lectures on been acquainted with the characteristics of test items in relation to Experience is rejected. Hence significant different existed between experience and in-experience lecturers. The study recommend that: The college authority should organize workshop or seminar specifically on test development and other related issue, especially on multiple choice items, Experience lecture’s should at departmental level guide the un-experience on skill needed for competency in handling item development planning prior to dispatch level. Lastly, Lecturers should consider use of items format based on cognitive demand in-relation to content coverage.
Keywords: Assessment, Multiple Choice Items, item Construction, Teacher’s competence,,
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VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, SUPPORTABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH AND YOUYH EMPOWERMENT THROUGH VSESC OKE-OGUN POLYTECHNIC SAKI, NIGERIA.
*AJAYI JOHNSON KOLAWOLE; **ABDULLAH SUAIB; **SOLIU RAZAQ ADESINA; & **ABOLADE WILLIAMS LANRE
*Department of Public Administration, the Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki (TOPS), Oyo state. **Department of Business Administration, the Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki (TOPS), Oyo state, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study examines the impact of entrepreneurship education in Nigeria geared towards enhancing sustainable economic development in the country. Since entrepreneurship skills remain vital in the real sector and the sustenance of economic development, it has become imperative for government to pay attention to this sub-sector. The problem facing the country ranging from acute poverty, youth and graduate unemployment, dependency on foreign goods and technology, to very low economic growth and development among others has prompted government to introduce entrepreneurship studies in tertiary institutions. The study investigates importance of entrepreneurship education for sustainable economic development in Nigeria; identify challenges of entrepreneurship education in Nigeria and assess the challenges for promoting entrepreneurship education among Nigerian youth at the Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki. The study relies on documentary method which is qualitative and finds out that entrepreneurship education is important for sustainable economic development and a life skills that will enhance the potential of an individual, reinforces self-sufficient and improve the quality of education and life. The paper concludes that entrepreneurship education has been recognized as a key driver in sustaining economic development. It recommends that Nigeria youths be trained in various skills including: creativity and innovation, entrepreneurship skills, managerial experience and record keeping are indispensable.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Education, Sustainable, Economic and Development.
IMPACT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION DEVELOPMENT ON THE HOUSING MARKET
HASSAN OLANREWAJU ABDUL; AJIBADE KAYODE RASHEED
1Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The expansion of the student population in Kwara State Polytechnic is evidenced by emerging trends and the development of higher education institutions such as universities and polytechnics. Due to the high demand from students, this scenario has a negative impact on the growth of the student housing market. Housing development is not solely dependent on the growth of HEIs in the surrounding area. This study investigates the theory of the Hedonic Regression Price Model in order to test the hypothesis of housing market attractiveness. Because of the heterogeneity of housing, this model is widely used in studies related to the housing market. The findings revealed that the housing demand in Kwara State Polytechnic was influenced by the studentification scenario, which had a significant negative impact on housing market growth. The housing market is positively capitalized by educational facilities and the city center. It is influenced by the areas’ accessibility and function. This study uses housing samples to build a linear hedonic price model for housing accommodation areas using location and surrounding development as independent variables. The overall conclusion of this study is that locational attributes have a significant impact only on the housing market in Kwara State Polytechnic, where the housing price rises when the house is closer to the city center than when it is farther away from the Higher Education Institution.
Keywords: Housing Market, Demand and Supply, Market Attractiveness, Hedonic Price Model.
ASSESSMENT OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN HOSTEL ACCOMMODATION IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MINNA, NIGERIA.
AKOH SHADRACH AKOH, AYUBA PHILIP AND MUHAMMAD ISA BALA
Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
Abstract
Indoor air pollution is placed among the top five environmental public health risks that cause morbidity and mortality globally. The majority of people spend more than 90% of their time indoors. Poor indoor air quality (IAQ) can cause varieties of adverse health effects on people. More also, the recent pandemic has necessitated the need for good indoor environmental quality. Students hostel have been found to be living overcrowded due to the limited accommodation facilities in tertiary institution across Nigeria. This therefore requires urgent need to have an empirical evidence on indoor air quality. Hence this paper is focused at assessing the impact of indoor air quality on the health status of the occupants in the hostel spaces, with a hypothesis placed that occupants’ behaviour is the primary mechanism influencing indoor particulate concentrations. The monitor areas within the hostel were determined, an assessment of the monitor areas was conducted to determine the prevalent pollutants in the indoor spaces. Due to the need of empirical evidence, a quantitative research approach was used where a questionnaire survey was conducted and air samples were tested for pollutants using the air visual node. It was discovered from the monitor areas, the presence of biological pollutants such as mold and mildew, chemical pollutants such as CO, CO2 and Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10). Study rooms where students cook in their spaces had more quantity of CO2. The highest concentrations of pollutants were recorded in spaces with more number of occupants as this influenced occupants behaviour. The impact of the indoor air on the occupants’ health was shown through reported cases of respiratory symptoms and diseases. In conclusion, it was established that number of occupants and occupants’ behaviour influences indoor air quality and particulate concentrations of air contaminants.
Keywords: Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Occupants’ health,
SMALL SCALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP WOMEN INVOLVEMENT AND POVERTY ERADICATION IN AN ENDLESS INFLATIONAL ECONOMY IN NIGERIA.
*AJAYI JOHNSON KOLAWOLE; **ABUBAKAR SARAFADEEN BAYO; **AMUSAT RASAQ BAMIDELE; & **ABDULLAH SHUAIB
*Department of Public Administration, The Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki (TOPS), Oyo state. **Department of Business Administration, the Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki (TOPS), Oyo state, Nigeria.
Abstract
Entrepreneurship accounted by women has become important all over the world, especially in developing countries where it plays not only an economic role but a social role as well, changing communities and consequently, the whole society. The purpose of this study was to do an empirical analysis on the impact of women entrepreneurship on poverty alleviation among households in Saki metropolis. The study made use of primary sources of data. A structured questionnaire was used and administered on a sample of 80 respondents randomly selected from among the leading women entrepreneurs in the metropolis. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics including percentages, tables and chi-square statistical tool of analysis. Findings from the study shows that women entrepreneurship activities in Saki metropolis have significant influence on poverty alleviation as a result of increase in income on the part of these women which eventually has a multiplier effect on the lifestyle and economic status of the respondents. It is recommended that government should create an enabling environment for businesses to thrive, provide the necessary infrastructure and incentives for women entrepreneurs so as to assist them reaching their zenith in their business journey. Also, all the entrepreneurship support programmes initiated by the government to assist entrepreneurs should be adequately empowered and mandated to perform their statutory responsibilities.
Keywords: Women entrepreneur, Metropolis, Entrepreneurship, Economic development, Social infrastructure.
TESTING OF SOIL PRODUCTIVITY ACROSS SLOPES AND INDEX MAPPING USING LANDPKS
MUAZU MAMMAN OMEIZA
Agricultural Technology Department, Kogi State Polytechnic Itakpe
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to test soil samples using LandPKS at different depth across slopes and topography in the kogi agricultural development project ADP sites in lokoja the state capital of kogi state, Nigeria.A point across slope was selected from the study site situated behind the ADP building andcharacterized features of soils such as soil Texture, soil colour and land slopes were observed. Data generated were collected, tabulated and analysed by the Land Potential Knowledge System( LandPKS) whose various interface and results were used in determining soil productivity of that site and its reperesentation on the map using Soil mapping units or geographical information system GIS was shown on the platform. The study concludes that since soil testing is key during the pre-planting operations its result will go a long way in correcting land deficiencies by making recommendations for companies to provide fertilizers to be supplied in the right proportions for maximum productivity and sustainability.
Keywords: LandPKS, Land Potential Knowledge System, Lokoja, Soiltesting, GPS and Soil Mapping
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF PRIVATE HOUSING ESTATE DEVELOPERS IN KWARA STATE.
ESV ALLI KEHINDE ABDULRASHEED; ESV AJIBADE RASHEED KAYODE; ESV IBRAHIM ABDULLAHI TAIYE; & ESV OLATUNJI SAMSON OLANREWAJU
Department of Estate Management and Valuation, Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin.
ABSTRACT
This study examined the contribution of Private Real Estate Developers in housing provision in Kwara state. The study addressed the ineffectiveness of the private sector to deliver housing to the citizen. The aim of the study examined both the contribution as well as the problems confronting PHED in Kwara State. Some of the objectives of the study were to examine the relationship between the profile of PHED in Kwara State and their performances, assess their effectiveness of the delivery process and to examine the satisfaction of occupiers of the private estate. The research methodology revealed the quantity of housing units developed by the PHED and allowed in evaluating their contribution to the housing provision in the study area. In the study, 255 housing units were selected out of the total 2,547 housing units in the developers’ estates. Primary data was collected through questionnaires administration and secondary data were collected from related documents, publications, textbooks, journals, research works, seminars/conference papers and internet. The findings revealed that PHED have established their business with some years of involvement in housing provision in the study area. It was also discovered that the PHED delivery process is very costly because housing provision is capital-intensive and their delivery process could not take place without availability of capital resources. Their performances have been found out not to be effective as it is supposed to be due to certain factors which instigate their effective participation in housing delivery. It was also found out that despite the limited housing provision, the occupiers expressed satisfaction with the quality of the developed estates both in terms of structure and function.
KEYWORDS: Housing, Developers, Private Developers, Housing Development, Housing Delivery, Participation, Housing Provision.
EFFECT OF FINANCIAL FRAUD ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: NIGERIA PROJECT
1OLATUNJI, TUNDE E. (PhD); 2DAUDA, ADAMU ABUBAKAR, 3ALKALI PRISCILLA N., 4SHEHU UMAR, 5DOGARA NASIRU DANLADI (PhD);
1-4Directorate of Academic Planning, Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, 5Nasarawa State Board of Internal Revenue, Lafia.
Abstract
The financial scandals which have appeared in recent times have placed fraud at the heart of economic and financial issues. Fraud by executives has disastrous consequences as it results in huge losses for investors and creditors, and especially for the company itself. Most of these frauds were often in the form of accounting and financial manipulation, and they have evolved to change forms. Fraud is a hidden crime and businesses cannot assume that all frauds have been detected. It is extremely unlikely that the detected fraud within an organization will represent the total financial impact of fraud on that organization, or the total loss from fraud they have experienced. It is a fact that some individuals will look to make gains where there is opportunity, and organizations need robust processes in place to prevent, detect and respond to fraud. Fraud impacts on people, industries, public bodies, services, economy, and the environment and all of these can be irreversibly harmed. The research therefore recommends that Auditors and Accountants in organizations and financial institutions should be trained on how to carry out forensic investigation since the fraudsters are now sophisticated in their operation. Also, internal control systems should be strengthened to block opportunities that attract fraud perpetrators and oversight function of the National Assembly be strengthened to make public office holders accountable.
Keywords: Fraud, deterrence and prevention, Return on Assets, Financial institutions, National Development