UDUS SOKOTO CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS (VOL. 6)


THEME:

SUB-SAHARA INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AND NEW DISCOVERIES IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM: INDISCIPLINE APPROACHES 

 

 

DATE:

10 SEPTEMBER, 2015.

 

VENUE:

Usman Danfodiyo Univeristy Sokoto, PPF 1 Hall, Sokoto, Sokoto State.

 

 

 

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF YELLOW OLEANDER (THEVETIA PERUVIANA) TO A CERTAIN ITS SUITABLY FOR ALTERNATIVE  BIO-DIESEL PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA.

FATI  ASTAPAWA  ADAMU

Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola.

Abstract.

Physico-chemical properties of yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana) have provided bases for its compatibility as an alternative source of biodiesel blend instead of standard biodiesel fuel. Out of 5.5 kg yellow oleander harvested, 3.5 kg of the seeds was cleaned, grinded with milling machine. The paste was kneaded manually by hand press and 1.98 liters of oil was obtained. Physico -chemical parameters  studied were: Density (e),  moisture content of seeds (ms), oil content of cake (oc), , viscosity at 40oC (vc), free fatty acids (fa), peroxide value (pv),iodine value (iv), and  saponification value(sv)  and acid value (av). The corresponding results found were:   (0.9 gcm3), (1.8 %),  ( 67 %), (46 %),   (2.4 %), (30 meq/kg) ,  (12.6 %),  (412 meq/kg)  & (4.7 %), respectively. The   result shows that there is good viability of harnessing yellow oleander oil with carbon blends to be tested on diesel engine and resulting emissions to be compared with standardconventional diesel fuel.  Issues on edible and non-edible shrubs, oil trees, standard biodiesels and biodiesels blend were discussed.

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DOES INFECTED SEED SERVE AS INOCULUM SOURCE FOR BOTRYTIS CINEREA INFECTION?

 

YAHAYA, S. M

Department of Biology, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, P.M.B. 3244Kano State-Nigeria  

ABSTRACT

Isolations were made from lettuce seed and seedlings to determine effect of seed in the transmission of Botrytis cinerea infection in lettuce plant. Commercially purchased lettuce seed Tom Thumb variety was used. Isolation of the pathogen after surface-sterilisation of the seed indicated that the Botrytis cinerea was present within the seed rather than on the surface. It was found that 87% of the seed pathogen detected was B. cinerea and it was able to pass from seed to the resultant seedling, initially appearing in the cotyledon than roots and subsequently in the stems, true leaves or leaf bases and in to the seed. A relationship between level of seed infection by B. cinerea and seedling infection was established (F1,38 = 51.22, P < 0.001), with higher seed infections resulting in greater seedling infection and leaf rot. This shows that seed is an important source of inoculum for B. cinerea infection.

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THE EFFECTS OF FOREIGN MOVIES ON THE NIGERIAN TEENAGERS: A QUESTION OF CULTURAL PROMOTION. (A STUDY OF BAUCHI METROPOLIS)

 

ABDULKADIR ALIYU SAMBO, BELLO IBRAHIM HALILU  3- ISAH YAHYA ALIYU

Department of Mass communication, Federal polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria  

ABSTRACT

The study attempts at examining the effects of foreign movies on the Nigerian teenagers: A question of cultural promotion, with a case study of Bauchi metropolis. The paper adopted the Cultivation theory to situate appropriately the essence of the topic. Using the survey method, where 100 questioners were distributed randomly to teenagers of Bauchi, which were analysed and interpreted.  At the end of the study, it was found out that foreign movies in most cases affect negatively the cultural values of the teenagers. Most of them try to adapt to western way of living which these foreign movies come along with. The study recommends that parents, Governments, community as well as religious leaders should help in sensitizing the youth on the need for cultural promotion.

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USES OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE IN BROADCAST MEDIA IN BAUCHI STATE: A STUDY OF BRC AND RAY-POWER FM BAUCHI

BELLO IBRAHIM HALILU & ABDULKADIR ALIYU SAMBO

Department of Mass communication, Federal polytechnic, Bauchi

 ABSTRACT

The paper attempts to examine the usage of indigenous language in broadcast media in Bauchi state, with a case study of BRC and Ray- power Fm, Bauchi. It employed the use of survey method where a total of 100 questionnaires were distributed to both the staff of the sampled media and their respective audiences; as well as an interview with production staff of the media stations. The findings show that, indigenous languages are used daily in the media but the potentials are not fully harnessed. A lot of challenges ranging from lack of ample time, inaccurate word usage especially in translation, lack of sponsorship, lack of patronage, lack of entertainment programmes to attract the youths, among others, have been identified as impediments in news and programme production. The study therefore recommends more entertainment, educative and enlightenment programmes to be introduced, more training should also be organized for producers, presenters and translators, more quality indigenous programmes that will reveal the culture, norms of the society, increase of the amount of time and time belt allocated to these programmes.

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ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION, A MOTIVATOR FOR THE GROWTH OF SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA

SULE MAINA

Department of Marketing, Ramat Polytechnic Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

Abstract

Entrepreneurship activities bring about business and production innovation with resultant growth in enterprises and industrial organizations. From history, entrepreneurship development in Nigeria is a late starter as the indigenous entrepreneurs were never allowed to develop by the colonial entrepreneurs. Private businesses sprung and grow generating employment, income and increase in GDP. For the time being, Nigerian entrepreneurs have ventured into the less-explored areas of telecom, transport, hospitality, music, film and food processing. The Nigerian government has supported entrepreneurial ingenuity through various programs to encourage self employment, income empowerment, social cohesion, technical progress and economic development. Entrepreneurship development still remains the strong policy option for developing Nigeria’s manufacturing and industrial sectors. With increase in government support, exploration of new areas of competitive and natural advantage by entrepreneurs, among others, Nigeria will stand a better chance of increasing her pace of economic development.

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THE EFFECT OF TAX ADMINISTRATION ON GOVERNMENT REVENUE GENERATION A CASE STUDY OF BORNO STATE 

NUHU KABU MAINA

Department of Pre-ND Studies, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

Abstract

This paper examined the Nigeria Tax administration system and its capacity to reduce tax evasion and generate revenue for development desire of the populace. The study made use of 130 survey questionnaires containing relevant questions. Descriptive statistics and survey research design were used to analyze 95 usable responses. The study found among other things that increasing tax revenue is a function of effective enforcement strategy which is the pure responsibility of tax administration. Nigeria lack enforcement machineries which include among other things, adequate manpower, computers and effective postal and communication system. The study has clear practical implications for tax practitioners and governments policy makers in developing countries in particular.

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PRODUCTION OF CHEESE FROM GOAT’S MILK USING THREE COAGULANTS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL ORIGINS.

*LAWAL RUKAYAT AJOKE; **LATEEF OWOLABI JIMOH & *U.S. HARUNA

*Department of Food Science & Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria **Department  Of Nutrition and Dietetics, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria

ABSTRACT                                                                          

Cheese is a nutritious food. Is one of the numerous products from processing of milk of cows, goat, buffalos, camels etc. It is processed from milk by acidification and coagulation by the application of a juice extract from Sodom apple, lime extract and enzyme rennin. However, more of us are becoming increasingly aware that cheese produce from cow’s milk is mostly common and popular. Goat milk is known to have better qualities such as digestibility and longer shelf life when processed than cow milk. Despite these qualities, goats are kept mainly for meat in many countries. The promotion of the full use of goat milk at household level to achieve cheap balance diet and food security is yet to be exploited.  The awareness in this project work showcases an eye opener to the process, procedure and development of cheese from goat milk. Goats’ milk is nutritionally closest to cows’ milk than other alternatives and yet it has certain physical properties that set it apart. Many people who perceive they have issues with cows’ milk can drink goats’ milk without any problems, and even say that their symptoms (such as eczema; asthma; bloatedness; constipation; digestive discomfort and catarrh) are reduced or go away altogether. Cheeses were produced from Goat milk using three different local coagulants both from plant and animal origin, namely: Sodom apple extract, lemon extract and enzyme rennin extract. 360ml of goat’ milks were divided into three portions and subjected to different temperatures (20, 30, 40). It contained appreciable amounts of minerals, protein fat etc. The pH ranged (4.32 – 4.52 –  4.82 ), while the contents of protein ranged (21.67 – 20.19, 21.70 ) % and the fat content ranged ( in between 16.63,17.08 throughout the study)%  and the content ranged moisture (45.24– 46)%, carbohydrate content as (11.08- 13.73)%  respectively. The study recommended the usage of goat’s milk in dairy industry in Nigeria, because of its peculiar nutrition and medicinal qualities.

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COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING PRACTICES OF MOTHERS TO THEIR YOUNG CHILDREN (0-2 YEARS) IN DASS LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA

 ADEBUSOYE .S. MICHAEL, SARAH SHU’AIBU, LAWAL RUKAYAT AJOKE & OWOLABI J. ABDULATEEF

Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,

Bauchi –State, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

Background: Adequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is fundamental to the development of each child’s full human potential. It is well recognized that the period from birth to two years of age is a “critical window” for the promotion of optimal growth, health and behavioral development. Methods: Cross sectional study design was conducted to assess complementary feeding practice of mothers to their young children in Dass Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Random sampling method was used to select 150 mothers to child pair to assess and compare various variables. Data were collected by using semi-structured questionnaire for face to face interview method. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of timely initiate of complementary feeding was 6.7% (>6 months), while 74.7% of mothers were initiate complementary before 6 months. A large proportion of the mothers 51(34%) had either no education or Islamic education, while the large proportion (75(50%) received only cereals pap.  However, 25 and 15 (16.7 and 10.0%) were either moderate or severely wasted respectively. The large proportion of the children 70(47.6%) were malnourished, while 67(44.6%) were either mild or moderately malnourished and 117(11.3%) were severely malnourished. Conclusion: The study has shown that, insufficient  quantities and inadequate quality of complementary food, poor child feeding practices and high rates of infection. Recommendation: Information about importance of timely initiation of complementary feeding should be implemented via information education and behavioral change communications, and integrating with health extension package is recommended.

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VEGETABLE CROPS OF PERI – URBAN FARMS ALONG JAKARA RIVER AND ASSOCIATED INSECT PESTS

*AHMED, U.A & **SADAU, M.A

*Department of Biological Sciences, Sule Lamido University, JigawaState, Nigeria. **Department of Agricultural Science, G.U.S.S. Hadejia, Jigawa State, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to identify vegetable crops cultivated and insect pests attacking them in Peri–urban farms Jakara River, Kano. Field visits, direct interviews and questionnaires were the tools used for data acquisition. Eight vegetables crops were identified while beetles, butterfly larvae and weevils were     attacking the vegetables. This study was so important that it provides essential data that would help to boost vegetable production and a better method for pest control. Cultivation of highly marketable and insect-resistant vegetables was recommended in the study area. This has also predicted handpicking as the best method for pest control in the study area.

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