THEME: THE FUTURE OF SUB-SAHARA AFRICA WORK: A REVIEW OF INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES ON EMPLOYMENT; TECHNOLOGY; HEALTH; SOCIETAL; AND ECO-RESEARCHES
DATE: 27th – 30th AUGUST, 2024
VENUE: UNIVERSITY OF PORT-HARCOURT (UNIPORT), PORT-HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA
ORGANIZER: HARVARD RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL
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CONFERENCE ABSTRACT:
POTENTIAL OF CEMENT STABILIZED RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT– LATERITIC SOIL COMPOSITE FOR USE AS PLINTH MATERIAL
Ibraheem, D. B.,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Alhassan, M.,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
- M. Alhaji,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abbas B. A.,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This research work investigated the potential utilization of cement-stabilized reclaimed asphalt pavement – lateritic soil mixture for construction of plinth to damp proof course level in duplex buildings. Accordingly, lateritic soil was replaced with reclaimed asphalt pavement at proportion of 0:100%, 10:90%, 20:80%, to 100:0% and each mix was stabilized with 2% of cement. Index properties test were conducted on the lateritic soil and the reclaimed asphalt pavement while modified Proctor compaction test, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test and Moisture movement within compacted specimens test were carried out on all the mixed proportions. The maximum dry density was observed to increase from 1.776g/cm3 at 0% reclaimed asphalt pavement replacement to maximum of 2.077g/cm3 at 60% reclaimed asphalt pavement replacement before reducing to 2.052g/cm3 at 100% replacement , while the optimum moisture content reduced from 19.33% at 0% reclaimed asphalt pavement replacement to 8.8% at 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement replacement. The CBR values increased from 25% at 0% RAP replacement level to 142% at 70% RAP replacement after which the values dropped to 89% at 100 RAP replacement. The UCS values increased from 800kN/m2 at 0% RAP replacement up to optimum value of 1516kN/m2 at 80% RAP replacement after which the values decreased to 580kN/m2 at 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement replacement. The moisture movement values showed lowest values of between 0.44 and 0.43% at 60 and 80% reclaimed asphalt pavement replacement respectively after 28 days curing. It was therefore concluded that only the mixtures with 50% and 60% RAP replacement satisfy the strength and moisture movement criteria to be used as Plinth in duplex buildings.
Keywords: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Plinth, Lateritic-Soil, Cement.
EXAMINING THE DIFFERENCE IN MEAN RETURNS OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS IN ITAK, IKONO. AKWA IBOM STATE. NIGERIA.
Bassey, Nse Akpan
Department of Estate Management,
University of Uyo,
Uyo, Akwa Ibom State.
Esen, Ubong Okpon
Department of Architectural Technology,
Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua,
Ikot Ekpene, Akwa Ibom State.
Abdullahi, Aminat Ndatsu
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Ekpo, Mbosowo Ebong
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osurua,
Ikot Ekpene, Akwa Ibom State.
Abstract
This research examined the difference in returns of agricultural and residential real estate investments in Itak, Ikono, Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. In order to achieve the stated aim, the objectives were to evaluate the returns of residential real estate investment and agricultural real estate investment in Itak, Ikono and to determine the difference between the returns of residential real estate investment and agricultural real estate investment in Itak, Ikono. A hypothesis was set to prove whether there was a significant difference between the returns of residential real estate and returns of agricultural real estate in Itak, Ikono. The research work adopted the cross-sectional survey type of design. The research population comprised Estate Surveyors and Valuers in the study area and the researchers adopted a sample size of 54, using the simple random sampling technique. Data was obtained through questionnaire survey. Descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out on the data obtained in the study area. Findings from the study revealed that returns from agricultural real estate investment was higher than the returns of the residential real estate investment in Itak, Ikono, thus implying that the overall performance of the agricultural real estate was better with a mean return of 6.88. Moreover, results from the independent t-test showed that there existed no statistically significant difference between the returns of agricultural real estate investment and that of residential real estate investment in the study area. This research therefore, concluded that residential real estate investment in Itak, Ikono performs better that agricultural real estate investment. The investment information provided in this study has significant implications for both local and foreign investors desiring to invest in the Nigerian property market, especially in the Itak, Ikono property market and it is a useful resource for development in this era.
Keywords: Difference, agricultural, residential, real estate, Investments, Itak, Ikono.
ASSESSMENT OF HAZARD RECOGNITION CAPABILITIES OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS IN ABUJA
Yahaya, K.M
Department of Quantity Surveying,
School of Environmental Technology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Dr. Okosun, B.O.
Department of Quantity Surveying,
School of Environmental Technology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Workplace accidents comprise the failure of contractors to identify a hazardous condition that occurs before or after starting an activity. The study therefore assessed the hazard recognition capabilities of construction contractors in Abuja, with the ultimate goal of improving safety and reducing workplace accidents. A quantitative research approach was employed with the use of a questionnaire to collect data from two hundred (200) respondents made up of construction professionals. The analysis of the data was carried out using frequency count, percentage, relative index importance, and Kruskal-Wallis H, as stated in this section. Findings from the study reveal “lack of training and insufficient resources” (RII = 0.90, Kruskal-Wallis H value = 1.64, and Asymp. Sig. = 0.01) as the most significant barriers to the effective implementation of hazard recognition capabilities by construction contractors. Finally, the study reveals that training is one of the strategies and interventions to enhance hazard recognition and safety practices in the construction industry (RII = 0.98). The study concluded that the barriers and strategies for the hazard recognition capabilities of construction contractors in Abuja are significant and effective, respectively. The study recommended that construction contractors should pay more attention to barriers to the effective implementation of hazard recognition capabilities, especially a lack of training and insufficient resources.
Keywords: Assessment, Capabilities, Contractors, Construction, Hazard Recognition
ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION: TRANSFORMATION OF JOB CREATION.A STUDY OF COOPERATIVEGROUP FARMING SOCIETIES IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
Dr. Rahman Mustapha,
Department of Business and Entrepreneurship,
Kwara State University, Malete,
Kwara State, Nigeria.
Abdulwaheed Olajide Omotosho,
Department of Business and Entrepreneurship,
Kwara State University, Malete,
Kwara State, Nigeria.
Dr. Zekeri Abu,
Department of Business and Entrepreneurship,
Kwara State University, Malete,
Kwara State, Nigeria.
Abdulfatai Idomi Ishola,
Department of Business and Entrepreneurship,
Kwara State University, Malete,
Kwara State, Nigeria.
Dr. Abdulazeez Alhaji Salau,
Department of Business and Entrepreneurship,
Kwara State University, Malete,
Kwara State, Nigeria.
Amina Hassan Usman
Department of Business and Entrepreneurship,
Kwara State University, Malete,
Kwara State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Co-operative societies were regarded as a business model with capability to provide economic and social sustainability. Despite their significance, the co-operative societies have been marred with several challenges which include entrepreneurial orientation that hinder their performance. This paper therefore aimed to examined how entrepreneurial orientation dynamics affect the job creation of co-operative group farming societies. A sample size of 380 respondents was drawn out of 12,671 population registered secondary cooperative group farming societies in North central Nigeria. Questionnaire were administered to the sampled respondents, while employed structured multiple regression analysis. Descriptive analysis indicated that entrepreneurial orientation dimensions measured were evenly distributed. Therefore, the result of multiple regression analysis indicated that there is significant positive influence between entrepreneurial orientation determinants (such as risk –takingwith β=0.240, t-value=3.903 and p-value=0. 000;aggression with β=0.162, t-value=2.889 and p-value=0.004; and performance of the antecedents of cooperative society (which is measured byjob creation (JC)). The study found that one out of two proposed hypotheses have significant impact on the job creation of cooperative group farming societies. Further findings showed that entrepreneurial orientation play an essential role through risk-taking and aggressiveness, and it has significant influence on the job creation of cooperative societies. The study concluded that cooperative societies should improve on entrepreneurial orientation to help their members in the area of investment decision as well as avoid loan delinquency. It was recommended that cooperative group farming societies should focuses on risk –taking to ensure job creation, and more emphases should have laid on aggressiveness.
Key word: Entrepreneurial orientation, aggressiveness, job creation, cooperative society. Risk – taking.
HYPOTHESIS TESTING SHOWING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FERTILIZER USE AND MAIZE OUTPUT IN KOGI AND KWARA STATES, NIGERIA.
Ajakaiye Olatunbosun Bolashade (PhD)
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba.
Abstract
Hypotheses testing are an integral part of empirical research. There exist limited current empirical evidences as regards hypothesis testing for most scientific studies conducted. This study would fill the gap by testing three different hypotheses in Kogi and Kwara States, Nigeria. These are: H01: There is no significant relationship between fertilizer usage and maize output, H02: There is no significant relationship between socio-economic characteristics and fertilizer usage in the study area, H03: There is no significant difference between output of maize produced by organic and inorganic fertilizer users in the study area. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to obtain data from 240 farming household heads with the aid of structured questionnaire and personal interviews. Data collected was analyzed using: Pearson’s Moment Correlation Analysis, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression Model and two-tailed (t-test) of equal variance with a statistical package. The findings revealed that for hypothesis one, the relationship between fertilizer usage and maize output is fairly large and very strong, thus we accept the alternate hypothesis that there exist a significant relationship between fertilizer usage and maize output. For hypothesis two, the ordinary least squares model showed that overall regression was significant at (p<0.001) with most variables significant on fertilizer usage, thus we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there exist a relationship between socio-economic characteristics and fertilizer usage. For hypothesis three, the study concludes that none of the two fertilizer types is statistically better than the other as regards maize production output, thus we accept the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference between the output of maize produced by organic and inorganic fertilizer users in the study area. The study recommended improvement in the usage of both fertilizer types, encouragement of female farming household heads participation in fertilizer technology use and education and, training on fertilizer technology usage.
Keywords: Correlation, Hypotheses, Fertilizer, Two Tail (t-test), OLS Model, Maize
EFFECTS OF ROLE PLAY AND ADVENTURE DIGITAL GAME-BASED INSTRUCTION ON SECONDARY SCHOOL GEOGRAPHY STUDENTS’ SATISFACTION IN NORTH- CENRAL, NIGERIA
Mohammed, A.
Department of Educational Technology,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Aniah, Anthony
Department of Educational Technology,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Muhammed, Mairo.
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study investigated effects of Role Play and Adventure Digital Game-Based Instruction on Secondary School Geography Students’ Satisfaction in North-Central, Nigeria. The research design was quasi-experimental pretest, posttest, non-equivalent and non-randomized control group design. The population for the study was 698,480 Geography students in North-Central, Nigeria. The sample for the study was 245 SSII Geography students who constitutes the intact classes of the six schools selected for the study. Three research instruments were employed by the researcher for this study which includes: Treatment Role Play Digital Game-Based Instruction (RPDGBI) assigned to experimental group 1, Adventure Digital Game-Based Instruction (ADGBI) assigned to experimental group 11 and Conventional Teaching Method while Questionnaire on learning satisfaction after using Role play and Adventure Game-Based Instruction (LSQRAGBI). The instruments were validated by Educational Technology experts, Geography teachers’ experts and Guidance and Counselling experts. Pilot study was conducted outside the sample school Pearson Product Moment Correlation formula was used to determine the reliability coefficient of QSLSG to determine the reliability coefficient which yielded 0.82 which indicate that instrument is reliable for the study. Research instruments were administered and data collected were analysed using ANOVA to test the pretest and when it was significant, ANCOVA was used to analysed the data using SPSS Version 27. Finding further revealed a significant difference in the mean satisfaction scores of secondary school students taught Geography using Role Play Digital Game-Based Instruction (RPDGBI), Adventure Digital Game-Based Instruction (ADGBI) and Conventional Teaching Method, F (2,243) = 10.726, P-value = 0.000 at P < 0.05 with . which signified a “high” effect. Finding also revealed that there was no significant difference in terms of gender on satisfaction when secondary school students were taught Geography using Adventure and Role Play Digital Game-Based Instruction, which means they were gender friendly. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Adventure Digital Game-Based Instruction and Role Play Digital Game-Based Instruction should be used for teaching Geography in secondary schools, also workshops and training programmes on the benefits and procedures of using Adventure Digital Game-Based Instruction and Role Play Digital Game-Based Instruction should be frequently carried out by policy makers.
Keywords: Role-play game, adventure game, digital game-based instruction, learning satisfaction
DRAUGHT ESTIMATION MODEL FOR DISC PLOUGH IN LITHOSOLS SOILS
Yahaya Abubakar
1Department of Agricultural & Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Iya, S. A.
2Department of Agricultural & Environmental Engineering
Modibbo Adama University, Yola,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
A study was carried out to analyze the interactive effects and to develop a predictive mathematical model for draught requirement of disc plough parameters on Lithosols soils of Adamawa state. The implement parameters consider for this work include; implement weight, disc spacing, disc and tilt angles for disc plough while, the speed of operation is constant at 7 Km/hr. The tractor trace technique was used to measure the draught force of the implement. Draught of implements, average field moisture was measured during, soil bulk density and cone index were also measured for each treatment during the study. Draught model was developed using Buckingham pi theorem for disc plough. The measured field draught values was Compared with the predicted values and getting their differences successfully verified the models. Then, a plot of the measured value against the predicted values gave the relationship between them and the coefficient of determination r2 for the models were obtained as 0.8701. This is then considered as an index of agreement of the developed model. It was recommended that, the tractor trace technique should be avoided for further researches on draught measurement, the three-point link dynamometer is more preferable since it will be simpler to use and accurate readings will be expected as it was specifically designed for that purpose. Furthermore, the cost of working with it will be less than that of tractor trace as only one tractor is involve for the exercise
Keyword: Draught, Estimation Model, Lithosols soil.
LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE TO DEVELOPMENT CONTROL REGULATIONS IN MUBI
Kefas Isa
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Gideon Jafiya
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Stephen Joseph
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Development control regulations are critical to land use planning and urban management. It sets standards for what can be done and what cannot be done. This study therefore assessed the level of compliance to development control regulations in Mubi. The study employed a mixed research approach (Quantitative and Qualitative). Data were collected using structured (Likert scale) and unstructured questionnaires. Total of 400 questionnaires were distributed to household heads, and 400 were returned and analyzed. The unstructured questionnaire was administered to the staff of the Zonal Town Planning and Development Authority Mubi zonal office. The findings revealed that physical development in the area is characterized by haphazard development, most development control regulations were violated across the town with 60% of buildings and right of ways were developed in violation of extant specified building regulations. There is significant difference in compliance with development control regulations in the three residential densities. The non-compliance has great impact on the residents and the environment such as the formation of slum, outbreak of diseases, encroachment on road reserves and accidents. The study recommends the enforcement of development control regulations on developers and checkmating the activities of the Town planning officials, the review of the urban planning law, increasing the number and capacity training for staff of the urban planning and development authority and the adoption of Geospatial Technology in development control process.
Keywords: Compliance, Development, Regulations, Geospatial, Incompatible
IMPACT OF ROAD DUALIZATION ON LANDUSE PATTERNS IN RING ROAD 111, UYO URBAN, NIGERIA
Koffi, A. E1
Department of Urban and Regional Planning
Akwa-Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osuru,
Ikot Ekpene, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria
Itiat Christopher 2
Department of Urban and Regional Planning
Akwa-Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot Osuru,
Ikot Ekpene, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This research project examines the impact of road dualization on land use pattern focusing on Ring Road 3 in Uyo Urban, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study investigates how the dualization of Ring Road 3 has influenced various aspects of land use, including residential, commercial, and institutional purposes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative techniques to gather data. Primary data was collected through field surveys, interviews with key stakeholders, and observations of land use patterns before and after the road dualization project. Secondary data was obtained from relevant literatures reports, and documents related to urban planning and transportation infrastructure development. The findings reveal significant changes in land use patterns following the dualization of Ring Road 3, including increased commercial activities along the road corridors, improved accessibility to residential areas, and the emergence of new institutional developments. Additionally, the study assesses the social, economic, and environmental implications of these changes on the local community. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of the relationship between transportation infrastructure development and land use dynamics, providing insights for urban planners, policymakers, and other stakeholders involved in the planning and management of road projects in urban areas.
Keywords: Road Dualization, Landuse Pattern, Sustainable Development, Urban Area, Nigeria
A CRITICAL REVIEW OF MILITARY TRIBUNALS: WITH REFERENCE TO FAIR HEARING
Shekara Peace John
Department of Estate Management and Valuation,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Nanribet Fwangvil Fotshak
Business Education Department.
Federal College of Education, Pankshin,
P.M.B. 1027, Pankshin,
Plateau State, Nigeria.
Umar Ibrahim Wunti
Department of Crime Management and Control,
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This research determined the nature of human Rights abuse during military administration tribunal (court martial) which ranges from suspension of right to appeal, using retroactive laws, non-adherence to the principles of fair hearing enshrined in the Constitution, unlawful arrest and detention without trial or bail and several areas of human Rights abuse. It is established that human Rights are not privileges that may be withdrawn at any time by the military tribunal and the willful abused of such rights attract sanctions. We concluded that military administration is needless in a civilized society like Nigeria but social justice should be promoted and recommended that all citizens should respect the Constitution and democratic institutions.
ACCESS AND UTILIZATION OF POULTRY PRODUCTION INFORMATION AMONG POULTRY FARMERS IN BAUCHI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BAUCHI STATE
Barnabas B.,
Department of Agricultural Technology,
The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
740102, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abubakar I. A.,
Department of Agricultural Technology,
The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
740102, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Mamza D. J.,
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Bayero University Kano,
700006, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.
Suleiman U. B.,
Department of Agricultural Technology,
The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
740102, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Haruna Y.,
Department of Agricultural Technology,
The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
740102, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abdurrahman M. U,
Department of Agricultural Technology,
The Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
740102, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the access and utilization of poultry production information among poultry farmers in Bauchi Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used in the selection of 100 respondents for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the selected poultry farmers. Data collected was analyzed using frequency counts, percentages and Mean as descriptive statistical tools. The result revealed that majority of the respondents (89%) were males, 90% were married and 40% had secondary school education. Friends and neighbours (96%), radio (71%) and agro input dealers (66%) were the most commonly used sources of agricultural information in provision of poultry information. The major area of information needs as indicated by the respondents were disease management (52%), feeding (58%) and breeding (43%),Inadequate agricultural extension contacts (58%), lack of awareness (68%) and the cost of technology (55%) were the major challenges faced by poultry farmers in utilization of agricultural information. The study concludes that there is low level of access and utilization of poultry production information in the study area. It is therefore recommended that government should provide more extension workers in order to reach out to poultry farmers.
Keywords: Access, Information, Poultry, Bauchi
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT
Adejoh Benjamin Ochola,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Shakir-deen Adeshina Akinloye,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abubakar Ahmadu Muhammad,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
The sustainable development concept was analyzed along a few decades, within a huge number of scientific debates, deepened at international level. That way, this concept received politic valences too, in the globalization context. Sustainable development has as background the finding that, the human civilization is a component of the ecosphere, dependent on the raw material and energy flows existent within it, on its stability and self-regulation capacity. The public policies elaborated on this basis aims to reset and maintain an rational long run equilibrium, between economic development and the integrity of the environment. Sustainable transportation concerns systems, policies, and technologies. It aims for the efficient transit of goods and services, and for the sustainable freight and delivery systems. Sustainable transport (or green transport) is a concept, an ideology and – in some countries – a governmental policy, that consists of strengthening or replacing the current transport systems of an urban/suburban area with more fuel-efficient, space-saving and healthy lifestyle-promoting alternatives. The term refers to any means of transport with low impact on the environment, and includes human or animal muscle-powered vehicles, low-carbon fueled vehicles, any kind of vehicle using a renewable source of energy for its propulsion. Sustainable transport systems make a positive contribution to the environmental, social and economic sustainability of the communities they serve. Transport systems exist to provide social and economic connections, and people quickly take up the opportunities offered by increased mobility.. The programs, documents and strategies elaborated in transportation, for the pre- and post adhesion period of Romania – in sustainable development field – contains relevant forecasts and target objectives too. Relevant for this analyze are the strategies and policies which concerns with a short – term period. The most appropriate term to fulfill the European Unions requirements is the 2013 Horizon. The national objective of this is to promote a proper transportation system for Romania, able to facilitate a secure, rapid and efficient movement of peoples and goods, at national an international level, consonant with the European standards.
Key words: sustainable transport, environment, pollution.
INDUSTRIAL WASTE PRODUCT TO POTENTIAL INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIAL: INCREASING DIETARY FIBRE IN BREAD USING SPENT GRAINS
Adejumo Funmilayo Joyce
Bioresources Development Centre,
National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency,
Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria.
Adewusi, S. R. A
Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Sciences,
Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
Osun State, Nigeria.
Adgidzi, P. P., Oluwafemi, M. P. & Okafor, W. C.
Bioresources Development Centre,
National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency,
Abuja, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study was to assess the nutritional qualities of spent grains and explore its incorporation in composite flour for the production of bread as a healthy substitute for wheat flour. Spent grains were produced from White and Red Sorghum by taking them through malting and mashing processes. Industrial spent grain was also obtained from International Breweries Plc, Ilesha. The spent grains were analysed for proximate composition and substituted into wheat flour in the production of bread at 10, 20 and 30% respectively. The acceptability of the bread from the composite flour was determined through sensory analysis. The crude protein (CP) contents for red sorghum spent grains (RSSG), white sorghum spent grains (WSSG) and the industrial spent grains (ISG) are 12.20, 8.18 and 12.91% respectively. Crude fibre content showed 1.93, 0.88 and 5.38% for RSSG, WSSG and ISG respectively. ISG recorded the highest value for ash content (3.93%) while the values for RSSG and WSSG are 1.48 and 1.33% respectively. The ether extract values are 6.82, 11.31 and 9.58% for RSSG, WSSG and ISG respectively. The moisture contents for RSSG, WSSG and ISG are 10.33, 11.05 and 11.08% respectively, while the carbohydrate contents showed 67.24% for RSSG, 67.25% for WSSG and 57.12% for ISG. This study has shown that spent grain incorporated at 10% in wheat flour gave rise to acceptable bread high in dietary fibre which makes the bread a good alternative for diabetic patients.
Keywords: Spent grains, Wheat flour, Proximate composition, Dietary fibre, Bread.
ASSESSMENT OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT EFFECT IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN AKURE, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF SHOPRITE CENTRE AND BANK OF INDUSTRY HOUSE AKURE.
Asaolu Catherine Oluwabukola,
Works and Services Department,
Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji,
Ondo State, Nigeria.
Adeola Taiwo Olusola,
Department of Estate Management,
Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo,
Ondo State, Nigeria.
Awoleye Gabriel Oladayo,
Department of Statistics,
Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji,
Ondo State, Nigeria.
ABSRACT
Facility management is a professional management discipline focused on the efficient and effective delivery of support services for the organisation that it serves. It is gradually gaining ground as an indispensible management tool considering the fact that building takes time to build and the cost of construction is very high. Building value can be retained by property maintenance and proper management of the facilities. Since a tree is known by its fruit, a property enjoying facility management is known by a holistic sustenance of the property facilities and the satisfaction derivable therefrom. This paper assessed two public buildings within Akure, Ondo State namely Bank of Industry building and ShopRite mall, with a view to carrying out a comparative study of the facilities available and the level of satisfaction derivable by the end users. The study adopted a five point Likert scale model classified into Very Rarely Used, Rarely Used, Undecided, Often Used and Very Often Used and their level of use was measured using Relative Satisfaction Index (RSI) and mean score. The study revealed that the end users were satisfied with almost all facilities provided in the two buildings but derived more satisfaction from the Bank of Industry building than the ShopRite mall. It recommended that the level of public facilities be maintained to ensure a sustained satisfaction level.
Key Words: Facilities Management, Public Buildings. End Users, Satisfaction
EVALUATION OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL COMPONENT AND MICROBIAL POPULATIONS OF DIURON TREATED SOIL IN YOLA, ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA
*J. K. Dagze1,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
- Abubakar,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Rejoice A.,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Maria D.,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Vandi S.,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study was aimed at assessing the effect of different concentrations of diuron on physicochemical component and microbial population of soils in Yola. A samples of soil treated with different concentrations of diuron were obtained at 0, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after treatment. The physicochemical properties and the microbial component and populations of the sampled soils were assessed using a standard procedures. The results showed that the different concentrations of diuron had no significant effect on all the physicochemical components of the soil especially at 0 week after application (WAT) except at 4th WAT on the pH, organic carbon, organic matter and percentage of total nitrogen of the soil; and CA++ content at 6th WAT. Also, the bacterial and fungal populations, the different concentrations of the herbicide had no significant effect. The Rhizopus species of fungi was found present in all the soils samples treated with especially the highest concentrations of the herbicide while Aspergillus species was only found in the control soil sample and that of the lowest concentration of diuron. In conclusion, the different concentrations of diuron only have a significant effect on the pH, organic carbon, organic matter and % of total nitrogen of soils at 4th WAT. On the bacterial and fungal populations, however, the herbicide’s concentrations have no significant effect.
Keywords: Microbial component, Fungal and bacterial populations, Effect of diuron, physicochemical properties.
ABSTRACT NO.2
COMPARISON OF COUPLING TECHNIQUES ON TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION CO-SIMULATION WITH DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND LOAD GROWTH
Victor Ogbonna Nwabughogu,
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Ahmad Abubakar Sadiq,
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Mark Ndubuka Nwohu,
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The increased demand for electrical power causes challenges with new power system planning and operations. These challenges are deepened with the simultaneous integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and Load Growth (LG) in distribution networks. However, realistic and practical modelling and simulation of DER’s interactions under load growth with the Transmission and Distribution (T&D) networks is critical to assess the effects and advantages of DERs. This study thus, compared the different coupling techniques on transmissions and distribution co-simulation with Distributed Generation (DG) at varying loads. The T&D co-simulation test network comprises the Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) 9-bus transmission network and the IEEE 16 nodes as the distribution network. Three coupling techniques; Decoupled (DC), Loosely Coupled (LC), and Tightly Coupled (TC), are simulated in MATPOWER environment, under DG penetration and load growth. The results show that the DC model is considerably less precise when compared to the LC model. The average percentage error in boundary variables was consistently 20 to 40 times worse in the DC model compared to the similar LC and TC models. Additionally, in both DC and LC models, the size of the percentage error in the power demand variable is greater than the magnitude of the voltage at the T&D Point of Common Coupling (PCC). This study provides valuable information on developing robust co-simulation frameworks essential for modern power grids, supporting sustainable energy transitions and enhancing grid resilience.
Keywords: Coupling Techniques, Modelling, Point of Common Coupling (PCC), Transmission and Distribution Co-Simulation, Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), Distributed Generation.
DETERMINANTS OF MOBILE LEARNING UTILIZATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN NORTH CENTRAL, NIGERIA
Moses, D.,
Department of Educational Technology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Adamu, Z. E.,
Department of Educational Technology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Kuta I.I.,
Department of Educational Technology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Tukura, C. S.,
Department of Educational Technology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The study investigated the determinants of mobile learning acceptance among university students in North-Central Nigeria. The population of the study was 3,407 students drawn from Federal Universities of North-Central Nigeria. The sample of the study comprised of 348 students purposively selected from seven Federal Universities in Benue, Kogi, Kwara, Nasarawa, Niger, Plateau State and the Federal Capital Territory Abuja. The study adopted correlation design method in which four quantitative research questions guided the study with four null hypotheses. The instruments used for data collection were closed ended questionnaire. The instruments were validated by experts and subjected to reliability test using Cronbach’s alpha. The reliability coefficient of the items for students’ utilization of mobile learning was ascertained for Performance Expectancy as α =0 .96 with five items, Effort Expectancy as α = 0.95 with five items, Social Influences α = 0.93 with five items, Facilitating Conditions as α = 0.95. Mean (x) and standard deviation (SD) was used to answer the research questions with the arithmetic mean for the values computed as: 5+4+3+2+1= 15/5= 3.00. Similarly, linear regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance using SPSS version 26.0. The findings of the regression coefficient of PE (β = 0.690; t = 17.454; p = (.000), < 0.05), EE (β = 0.713; t = 18.625; p = .000), < 0.05), SI (β = .700; t = 18.382; p = (.000), < 0.05), and FC (β = 0.667; t = 16.399; p = .000) indicating that the model is a good predictor of the relationship between four constructs and students’ utilization of mobile learning. Complementing the quantitative findings, of the construct revealed students’ engagement with digital learning resources and anticipation of enhanced academic skills plays a crucial role in motivating their utilization to mobile learning. The study recommends among others that developers of mobile learning applications and platforms should focus on enhancing performance and effort expectancy by ensuring user-friendly interfaces and minimizing the cognitive load required for navigation. This can be achieved through iterative design processes that prioritize simplicity, intuitive functionality, and accessibility features to accommodate diverse user preferences and abilities.
ASSESSMENT OF BUSINESS EDUCATION PROGRAMME FOR ATTAINMENT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY IN PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
Abdulraheem, Ismail Kunmi
Department of Business Education
Faculty of Education
Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin,
Kwara State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study Assessed Business Education Programme for Attainment of Economic Security in Public Institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 82 Business Educators. A structured questionnaire containing 12 items was used to elicit responses from the respondents and generated data for the study. The instrument which was face-validated by three experts from the Department of Business Education, Faculty of Education, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin was used to collect data from the respondents. The study made use of Kuder-Richards formula (K-R 21) to determine the reliability of the instrument and a reliability coefficient of 0.81 was obtained. The data collected for the study were analysed using mean to answer the research questions raised and standard deviation to determine the closeness or otherwise of the responses from the mean while t-test statistics was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings from the analysis revealed that Business Education programme promote the acquisition of knowledge and skills to become self-employed thereby it facilitate the attainment of economic security. It was recommended amongst others that Students of Business Education should be trained in basic skills capable of equipping them with appropriate ability to set up ventures of their own as it will boost the economic growth of the nation and facilitates economic security.
Key Words: Education, Business Education and Economic security.
MAIZE FARMING HOUSEHOLDS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS IN KOGI AND KWARA STATES, NIGERIA
Ajakaiye Olatunbosun Bolashade (PhD)
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba.
Abstract
The socio-economic features of maize farming households in Kogi and Kwara States have been changing over the years. There is the need for empirical update on the current status of socio-economic characteristics as it affects maize farming households in Kogi and Kwara States respectively. This paper looks at implications of socio-economic characteristics of farming households that adopted maize in Kogi and Kwara States, Nigeria. The data for the study were collected with structured questionnaire and personal interviews from 400 farming households using multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of mean, standard deviation, frequency tables, minimum and maximum values. The findings showed that the majority of farming households in Kogi, Kwara and the pooled ( 82.82, 80.35 and 81.75)% were males, households that are married were (67.40, 75.72 and 71)%; household heads that belong to farming association were (71.81, 44.51 and 35.25)% household heads that had extension contact were (75.77, 56.65 and 67.50)% and household heads whose spouses are gainfully employed were (67.40, 63.99 and 70.35)% respectively in Kogi, Kwara and the pooled respectively. The results further showed that mean years of schooling were (12.67, 13.16 and 12.89) years; mean household sizes were (7.85, 7.60 and 7.74) people; mean farming experience were (14.21, 13.10 and 13.74)years; mean farm sizes were (3.37, 3.80 and 3.67)hectares; mean ages were (44.36, 45.49 and 44.85) years in Kogi, Kwara and the pooled respectively. The study recommended encouragement of farming household heads to join farming association, increase cultivated farmland to economic landholdings and access to farm credit. This is expected to boost maize output in the study area.
Keywords: Socio-Economic, Farming, Households, Mean, Pooled, Maize
LAND SUITABILITY FOR AGROFORESTRY DEVELOPMENT IN PART OF AGAIE LOCAL GOVERNMENT, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA.
Saba Mohammed
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Mairo Muhammed
Department of Geography,
Federal University of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria
Abstract
Agroforestry has been projected as one of the possible solutions to sustainable land-use systems. In Nigeria, Niger state in particular, having better understanding of site selection for agroforestry development is of paramount importance due to little or no knowledge about sites suitable for agroforestry development. Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques have been two of the fundamental computer-based tools widely used to examine land suitability for agroforestry development. This study addressed suitability site selection for future agroforestry development in Kutiriko District of Agaie Local Government using biophysical criteria, such as climatic factors, topographic as well the land use and land cover of the study area. This research utilized geographic coordinates, and satellite data for the year 2023 and 30m DEM. Analyses were made with ArcGIS 10.8 software. AHP, which is used to create ratio scales from both continuous and discrete pairwise comparisons in multi-criteria complex structures, enables the determination of numerical weight values by considering the relationships between more than one factor at the same time, the criteria were ranked based on the most suitable and favorable conditions for agroforestry. Finding shows that Temperature criteria was assigned the highest criteria with 53% level of importance, while slope was assigned the less level of importance with 5.3%. The findings are important to better understand ways towards sustainable management of natural resources as well as efficient methods to study these processes.
Key words: Land, Suitability, agroforestry, LULC.
ANALYZING THE UTILIZATION PATTERNS OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN BENUE AND NASSARAWA STATES, NIGERIA.
Ajakaiye Olatunbosun Bolashade (PhD)
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba.
Abstract
The practices and patterns used by farmers to carry out their farming activities particularly in the application of fertilizers are of utmost importance. Thus, there is no concrete and quantitative analysis on the utilization patterns of applying fertilizers in the study area. It is worthy of note that there exist limited empirical and scientific evidences on the usage patterns of organic and inorganic fertilizers in Benue and Nassarawa States, Nigeria. Thus the need for a comprehensive data analysis on usage patterns of different fertilizer types in the study area. This paper analyzed the utilization patterns of organic and inorganic fertilizers in Benue and Nassarawa States, Nigeria. A three-stage sampling technique was used to select 200 organic fertilizer users and 170 inorganic fertilizer users in Benue and Nassarawa States respectively. The study data was elicited using structured questionnaire and personal interviews. Descriptive statistical tools in the forms of frequency, tables and percentages were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that for organic fertilizer users, 73.5% and 71.79% had access to and could as well afford it. The majority (67.38%) used between (200-550)kg of organic fertilizers as 49.57% and 50.43% used animal manure and crop wastes; the majority (76.92%) applied organic fertilizers between (4-6) weeks after planting while the majority (84.62%) had farming experience <10years. Similarly, for inorganic fertilizer adopters, 55.06% and 51.49% could access and as well afford to buy fertilizers; 81.24% used between (50-550) kg; the majority (76.90%) adopted NPK fertilizers; the majority (97.05%) also applied inorganic fertilizers 2weeks before and 4weeks after planting. The findings also showed that 79.29% had farming experience between (6-10) years in Benue and Nassarawa States respectively. The study recommended improved access and adoption of inorganic fertilizers as this is expected to boost farm productivity in the study area.
Keywords: Utilization, Patterns, Organic, Inorganic, Maize, Fertilizers
MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR TILLAGE IMPLEMENT DRAUGHT (A REVIEW)
Yahaya Abubakar,
Department of Agricultural & Bio-Environmental Engineering Tech
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria
- I. Iya,
Department of Agricultural & Environmental Engineering,
Modibbo Adama University, Yola,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
A review was conducted on mathematical models for the prediction of draught for soil cutting implements taking into consideration that, soil characteristics differ from one location to the other. The importance of draught force prediction models for tillage tools was studied. The work reviewed the most common types of models used in the prediction of draught for tillage tools on different soils. Similarly, the study shows some of the different techniques used in the development of tillage implement draught prediction models which includes; the finite element method (FEM), fuzzy inference system (FIS), Artificial Neutral Network and Dimensional Analysis using Buckingham pi Theorem etc.). It was recommended that, draught prediction model for different tillage implements can be developed depending on the soil type. This will guide the implement manufacturers and farm managers in proper designing or the selection of implement for a particular region.
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMPETENCIES OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS IN INFORMATION SERVICES DELIVERY IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS’ LIBRARIES IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Abdulkarim Abdullahi
Abu Ali Library,
Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare,
Bauchi State, Nigeria
Margaret A Amao
Abu Ali Library,
Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare,
Bauchi State, Nigeria
Muhammad Murtala Ibrahim
Moddibo Adama University, Yola,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to investigate the ICT competencies of academic librarians in information service delivery in higher institutions libraries in Bauchi state. The study used quantitative research methodology using survey design to collect data from the respondents. The population of the study comprises all the academic librarians in higher institutions libraries in Bauchi State. Thus, the target population is thirty five (35) all the population were selected using total enumeration census sample respectively. A questionnaire was used as research instrument in collecting the data. A total of thirty-five (35) copies of questionnaires were administered, and returned. The data collected was analysed using descriptive. The findings revealed that Academic Librarians in higher institutions possess ICT competencies relevant to modern information service delivery. And it was also revealed that Academic Librarians integrate emerging technologies into their information service delivery. Academic Librarians face challenges in adapting to rapidly changing technologies and incorporating them into their information service delivery. The study recommends that there should be series of seminars/workshop on ICT related skills and also recommends the need for the provision of latest ICT infrastructure that will pave way for easy integration of emerging technologies into libraries, it further recommends that there should be improvement in the budget of the library.
CONCRETE CHARACTERISTICS USING DESTRUCTIVE AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS
Adejoh Benjamin Ochola,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Shakir-deen Adeshina Akinloye,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abubakar Ahmadu Muhammad,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Mechanical resistance and deformation are important characteristics of concrete, because they play a great role not only for the stability, but also for the durability of the structures. When concrete is subjected to the action of a rapidly increasing load, it behaves like a brittle material. On the one hand, its rupture is not preceded by significant deformations and on the other hand, its tensile strength is much weaker than its compressive strength. The tensile strength even vanishes completely if shrinkage cracks have developed. This paper presents an experimental study in order to determine some characteristics of the concrete made for the production of reinforced concrete beams. To this end, cylindrical specimens of dimensions 16 x 32 cm were prepared in the laboratory using local materials for mechanical characterization by destructive and non-destructive tests. Splitting test was carried out to determine experimentally the tensile strength of concrete. Schmid rebound hammer and compression machine were used to determine the compressive strength of concrete, as well as its longitudinal elastic modulus (Young’s modulus) at the age of 28 days. The results obtained by the various tests were compared to validate the measured values. Indeed, the concrete resistance measurements from the rebound hammer test were compared with those obtained by the compression test. Likewise, the concrete tensile strength values of the splitting test were compared with those found from the compression test.
Keywords: Concrete; Cylindrical specimens; Splitting test; Schmidt rebound hammer; Elastic modulus; Compressive strength
EFFECT OF AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN ACCESS BANK WUSE, ABUJA
Ezekiel Rose
Department of Business Administration & Management,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Ahmed Aliyu Tanko
Department of Business Administration & Management,
Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa,
Nasarawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Automated Teller Machine is expected to provide quality services to customers at the time that the services is seriously needed but this is often not achieved because the proportion of customers needing the services on a daily basis continues to increase and the available capacity to meet the challenges is grossly inadequate. In spite of all these accessing the services is still entangled with current perception of customers regarding the consistency and reliability of ATM services offered, technical challenges and instances of downtime experienced by customers, user experience factors, prevalent security concerns among customers regarding ATM transactions and customization options. Understanding and addressing these issues is critical for Access Bank as failure to provide a seamless and reliable ATM experience may not only result in customer dissatisfaction but could also influence the overall perception of the bank’s commitment to technological innovation. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) service quality on customer satisfaction at Access Bank’s Wuse branch in Abuja. The study used survey method, data for the work were obtained through questionnaire and analyze using descriptive statistics and regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. A population of 855 customers and a sample of 273 respondents were drawn using Yamane’s (1967) simplified formulae. The findings showed that consistency and reliability, technical challenges, user experience, prevalent security and customization options has significant effect on customer satisfaction. The management of the bank should improve on current perception of customers regarding the consistency and reliability of ATM services to sustain and retain customers, provide enabling environment to utilize available technology, organized seminars and workshops to address the user experience factors, develop a holistic digital framework to prevalent security concerns among customers regarding ATM transactions.
THE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC BANKING ON SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN SOME SELECTED SMES IN BAUCHI STATE
Ayo Farayola Ade
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
- M. B. 0231, Opp Gwallameji,
Dass Road, Bauchi,
Bauch State, Nigeria
Yusuf Muhammed Sani
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
- M. B. 0231, Opp Gwallameji,
Dass Road, Bauchi,
Bauch State, Nigeria
Abstract:
Electronic Banking involves the systems which enable customers to use banking services at three levels information, communication and transaction .The study Assesses “The impact of Electronic Banking on Small and medium Scale Enterprises in some selected SMEs in Bauchi state” .The objectives of the study is to examine the impact of mobile banking services and the relationship between automated teller machine services on the performance of Small medium enterprises . To achieve this objective, three (3) research questions and two hypotheses were formulated; Primary data were collected from the primary source which questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection while secondary data were sources from textbooks, journals, newspapers and the internet were employed. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 250 (two hundred and fifty) respondents were selected for this study to represent the entire population of the study. For null hypotheses were formulated and tested using the one-way ANOVA and the t-test statistical tools at zero point zero five (0.05) level of significance. To analyze the data obtained, frequency and simple percentage and regression analysis was used. While hypothesis was tested using chi-square test.The study reveals that Electronic banking has a significant relationship with performance of Small medium enterprises in Bauchi state. Therefore the study recommend that there should be more awareness creation on Electronic banking by all the related agencies to improve the performance of Small medium enterprises in Bauchi state
KEYWORDS: Electronic Banking, Performance, Small and medium Scale Enterprises
DEEP LEARNING FOR PUBLIC SAFETY: AUTOMATIC FIGHT DETECTION
Chapman Eze Nnadozie,
Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Lawos Daniel,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Nasu Mbimi Wormi,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria
Benisemeni Esther Zakka,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Public places, transportation hubs, and packed events are essential elements of contemporary urban life, but they also provide security and safety issues. Although necessary, manual monitoring can be constrained by human factors, which could result in mistakes and slow response times. The general objective of enhancing public safety is aligned with the demand for technologies that can quickly and effectively detect potentially hostile activities, such as fighting. To properly detect probable physical alterations within static images, the study effort developed a Deep Learning model architecture using Resnet50. The researcher rigorously trains the Deep Learning model using a carefully annotated dataset of static images to ensure the model’s robustness. To do this, the researcher employs efficient data preprocessing techniques and augmentation strategies that are adaptable to the variability in scenes, lighting conditions, and camera angles. Finally assessing the model’s performance using established evaluation metrics to measure accuracy. The proposed model was developed and tested as expected, the developed system was able to detect whether an image pattern signifies fight or non-fight with an accuracy of 99.9%. Hence, all the objective stated in this project work were achieved successfully.
Keywords: Machine Learning, Fight, Deep Learning, Prediction and Images
A REVIEW ON DRAUGHT REQUIREMENT OF TILLAGE TOOLS
Yahaya Abubakar
Department of Agricultural and Bio-environmental Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic Mubi,
Adamwa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
A review was conducted on the draught force requirement of tillage tools. The draught requirement of different tillage tools on different soils were studied by many researchers. The factors affecting the draught of the implement were studied using different techniques. The effects of operational speed on implement draught were also reviewed. The effects of speed on different tillage and operational parameters were studied by researchers. The effects of tillage parameters on the draught of implement was in the review
INVIVO CONTROL OF STEM ROT PATHOGEN OF GROUNDNUT (SCLEROTIUM ROLSII L.) USING GARLIC LEAF EXTRACTS IN ADAMAWA STATE
Isa, A.,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Ibrahim U. K.,
Department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Labaran I.,
Department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Auwal I.,
Department of Civil Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The survey and control of stem rot disease of groundnut in Adamawa State was conducted from 2017 to 2023. The research focused on groundnut incidence of stem rot pathogen, proximate composition and its in vivo management of the pathogen using leaf extracts of Allium sativum. Samples collected from nine local government areas of Adamawa State were taken to Plant Science laboratory of Modibbo Adama University, Yola in a dry sterile polythene bag. Field management of Sclerotium rolfsii was conducted in the Departmental and Federal Polytechnic Mubi farm. Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) was used for the isolation and in vitro control trials. The result for incidence of stem rot disease of groundnut from the nine Local Government Areas of Adamawa State showed Mubi North had the highest incidence of 22.34 %, while Guyuk had the least incidence of 6.75 %. The composition of the infected groundnut seeds shows a decrease in lipid, protein, ash, fibre and carbohydrates while there was an increase in moisture as a result of the activities of the pathogen. The level of inhibition increased with increase in concentrations. High increase in growth (NL=87 and NB=31) and yield characters (NP=54, NMP= 51 and NHP= 52) were also recorded in the treated groundnut farms compared with the non-treated control.
Key words: Arachis hypogea, Allium sativum, Sclerotium rolfsii, Incidence, Concentrations and Extracts
EFFECTIVENESS OF FARMER FIELD SCHOOL (FFS) IN ENHANCING CROP PRODUCTION AMONG FARMERS IN BORNO STATE
Tijjani, H.,
Department of Agricultural Technology,
Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri,
Borno State, Nigeria.
Adamu, A. Gadzama,
Department of Agricultural Technology,
Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri,
Borno State, Nigeria.
Aliyu, Y. M.,
Department of Agricultural Extension,
University of Maiduguri,
Borno State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The study assessed the effectiveness of Farmer Field School (FFS) in enhancing crop production among farmers in Borno State. It identified the socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers, assessed the intensity of farmers participation in FFS activities, ascertained farmers knowledge of FFS activities, identified farmers source(s) of information about FFS, ascertained the percentage increase or decrease in farmers’ crop yield after joining FFS, and identified constraints associated with participating in FFS activities. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 102 respondents across 5 Local Government Areas (LGAs). Data was collected through questionnaire administration and triangulated using Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. The result shows majority () of the respondents were male, married, and educated in one form of education or the other. Majority of the farmers highly participated in most of the FFS activity except for graduation, registration and linkage. Farmers experienced increase in crop yield after participating in the FFS. High cost of input, lack of access to credit in the formal lending sector and inadequate fund were among the constraints considered “very serious” by farmers in FFS participation.
Key Words: Farmer Field School, Crop Yield, Borno State
ABSTRACT NO.3
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF PLASTIC BOTTLES IN PARTS OF ABUJA MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL, NIGERIA
Odeh, Bridget
Department of Geography
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
T.I. Yahaya
Department of Geography
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the socio-economic impact of plastic bottles in Gwarinpa area, Abuja Municipal Area Council, Nigeria. The research reveals a widespread distribution of plastic bottles across the study area, with 90% of the areas surveyed showing high plastic waste distribution. The scavenging of plastic bottles is primarily done by young people between 25-40 years old, with minimal formal education. The recycling process involves collecting, sorting, shredding, sieving, and bagging of plastic bottles. The study also highlights the devastating environmental impact of unattended plastic bottle waste, including blocking of waterways, floods, and erosion, with 40-50% of respondents strongly agreeing on the severity of these impacts. This research provides valuable insights into the spatio-temporal distribution of plastic bottles, the demographics of scavengers, and the environmental effects of plastic waste in the study area.
Keywords: Socio-economic, Impact, Plastic Bottles and Gwarinpa Area
MAPPING OF ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS ACCUMULATION IN KPASHIMI FOREST RESERVE, LAPAI LOCAL GOVERNMNET AREA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Abdullahi Aisha,
Department of Geography,
Federal university of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Usman Mairo Muhammad,
Department of Geography,
Federal university of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Salihu Saidu,
Department of Geography,
Federal university of Technology Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Estimating and mapping biomass is crucial for managing and conserving natural resources. The study focuses on the Kpashimi Forest Reserve in the Lapai Local Government Area, with the aim to estimate and map above-ground biomass concentration using remote sensing techniques. Primary data were collected through Ground Control Points (GCPs), tree attribute measurements, and reference data for model training, alongside Landsat spectral values. Satellite imagery from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) provided multispectral data for temporal analysis. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software facilitated data processing, analysis, and visualization, integrating spatial datasets such as satellite imagery, topographic maps, and field survey data. The study employed image processing techniques, including spectral analysis, feature extraction, and an object-based pixel classification approach to categorize land cover and delineate plant communities. Analysis of the ecological makeup of the reserve over time revealed that riparian forests were the dominant type, covering 45.05% of the area in 2019, indicating a healthy hydrological system essential for reserve stability. Savanna woodlands and grasslands covered 14.02% and 11.91%, respectively, supporting diverse species. Scrublands and degraded forests, which comprised 12.69% and 16.33% of the landscape in 2019, highlighted concerns regarding ecosystem health. The study also identified notable shifts in ecosystem composition over time, reflecting the dynamic nature of the reserve’s ecosystems. The findings reveal the dominant presence of riparian forests alongside savanna woodlands, grasslands, scrublands and degraded forest areas, highlighting the diverse array of habitats within the reserve. The federal government should Provide funding and resources for conservation programs, research initiatives and capacity-building efforts within the Kpashimi Forest Reserve.
Keywords: Mapping, Above Ground, Biomass, Forest Reserve
EFFECT OF DISC HARROW PARAMETERS ON DRAUGHT IN GLEVIC LUVISOLS SOILS OF ADAMAWA STATE NIGERIA
- A. Iya
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering,
Modibbo Adama University, Yola,
Adamawa State, Nigeria
Yahaya Abubakar
Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology,
Federal Polytechnic Mubi,
Adamawa State, Nigeria
Abstract,
A study was carried out to analyze the interactive effects of disc harrow parameters on Glevic Luvisols soils of Adamawa state. The implement geometric parameters considered for this work include; implement weight, disc diameter, implement speed and gang angle. An experiment was conducted with disc harrow on a split-split-split plot of 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 design in three replications and the plots were randomized to reduce the level of error in the experiment. The tractor trace technique was used to measure the draught force from a drawbar dynamometer. Soil particle size analysis was conducted and found that, the experimental plot on Glevic luvisols was loamy sand base on USAD soil texture Triangle. Draught of implements, soil bulk density and cone index were measured for each treatment during the study. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and Duncan’s Multiple Test Range. The analysis revealed that, draught increased significantly with increase in implement weight (w), disc diameter (θ) gang angle (Φ) and operational speed (v). Similarly, the combine effect of implement weight, disc diameter, gang angle (Φ) and operational speed (w × θ × Φ × v) are significant on the draught of disc harrow. The values of cone index are significantly the same at operational speed of 7 and 9 km/hr; similarly, the values of bulk density are also insignificant at 7 and 9 km/hr. this indicated that at 7 km/hr implement speed, change in other factor does not affect the loosening of the soil. However, the mean separation indicated that most of the values for cone index and bulk density are significantly the same (7 km/hr) to 2.5 m/s (9 km/hr). The best interaction can be attained on the treatment with combination of implement weight (w1=1040) kg, disc diameter (θ 2 = 61 cm), gang angle (Φ 3 = 36o) and implement velocity (v2 = 1.97 m/s) W1θ2Φ3v2.
DETERMINING THE SOURCES OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS TO MAIZE FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN ADAMAWA AND TARABA STATES, NIGERIA
Ajakaiye Olatunbosun Bolashade (PhD)
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension,
Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba.
Abstract
The sources of organic and inorganic fertilizers to maize farming households in Adamawa and Taraba States were unknown as there exist limited empirical evidences on how farming households access their fertilizer types for farm work in these States. This paper identified the sources of organic and inorganic fertilizers to maize farming households in Adamawa and Taraba States, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select 58 farming household heads and 59 farming household heads using organic fertilizers in Adamawa and Taraba States. Similarly, 100 farming household heads and 69 farming household heads using inorganic fertilizers were selected in Adamawa and Taraba States respectively. A total of 117 and 169 organic and inorganic fertilizer users were selected in the pooled. Data for the study were obtained with the aid of structured questionnaire and personal interviews. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency tables, and percentages). The results showed that 30.77% and 29.06% got supply of organic fertilizers from friends and cooperatives as only 7.69%, 18.80%, 13.68% got organic fertilizers from the market, individuals and other sources in Adamawa and Taraba States respectively. The findings also showed that 32.54%, 24.85%, 17.7%, 11.83%, 9.47% and 3.55% got supply of inorganic fertilizers from the market, individuals, friends, cooperatives, government and other sources respectively in Adamawa and Taraba States respectively. Improved supply of inorganic fertilizers from cooperatives and government sources, encouragement of organic fertilizer supplies from government and market sources were also recommended as this would improve maize productivity in the study area.
Keywords: Sources, Pooled, Organic, Inorganic, Maize, Fertilizer Supply.
EFFECTS OF MODERN TEACHING APPROACH ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN BASIC SCIENCE AMONG JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN GWAGWALADA AREA COUNCIL, ABUJA, FCT
Dahunsi T. O. PhD
Department of Primary Education Studies,
FCT College of Education Zuba, Abuja
Abstract
The study investigated the effects of Modern Teaching Approach (MTA) on academic achievement in Basic Sciences among Junior Secondary School students in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja, FCT. The objective of the study was to find out how effective is MTA in teaching of science in junior secondary schools. Research design used was quasi-experimental of pre-test and post- test. Population of the study comprised of all JSSII students of Government Secondary School in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja, FCT. The objective of the study was to find out how effective is MTA in teaching of science. The sample of 150 students, comprised 66 male and 84 female, were selected randomly from Junior Secondary School Tunga-Maje, Gwagwalada Area Council FCT, School. The objective of the study was to find out how effective is MTA in teaching of science. The instrument for data collection was Energy Achievement Test (EAT) which was validated by the experts in the Department of Science and Environmental Education, Mathematics unit and Measurement and Evaluation in the Department of Educational Foundations all in the Faculty of Education. The reliability of the EAT using the Cronbach Alpha technique yielded 0.88. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyse research questions and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Result of the analysis revealed that there was significant difference in the mean achievement scores of the students taught Energy using Modern Teaching Approach (MTA) and those taught using the traditional method in favour of experimental group and there was no significant difference in the mean achievement scores of male and female students taught Energy using MTA in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja, FCT public Junior Secondary Schools. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that the use of Modern Teaching Approach (MTA) should been courage by Basic science teachers and other teachers in junior secondary schools, Stake holders in education should, from time to time, organize seminars and workshops on Modern Teaching Approach (MTA) for teachers in order to meet with 21st century instructional delivery.
Keywords: Academic Achievement, Basic Science, Modern Teaching Approach, Gender
IMPLICATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED ENTREPRENEURS IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA.
Ahmed Aliyu Tanko
Department of Business Administration & Management,
Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa,
Nasarawa State – Nigeria.
Ezekiel Rose
Department of Business Administration & Management,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State – Nigeria.
Abstract
Entrepreneurs are expected to come up with something good and unique to attain their goals but the components of sociocultural environment like attitude, religion, language, belief and family structure have significant implication on the performance of selected entrepreneurs in Nasarawa state and Nasarawa state government has employ several strategies for managing sociocultural such as good working conditions, entrepreneurial training and credit facilities among others, despite all these efforts, sociocultural environment has serious implication on performance of selected entrepreneurs with an alarming increase of economic consequences. The objective of the study is to investigate the implication of socio-cultural environment on the performance of selected entrepreneurs in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Survey method was used and data was collected using a well structure questionnaire which was analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Regression Analysis to test the formulated hypotheses with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22 for analysis of data and a sample of 220 respondents using Taro Yamane’s simplified formulae. The findings showed that sociocultural environment has affected the performance of entrepreneurs and their general well-being. In light of these, the study recommended that entrepreneurs in Nasarawa state should ensure that the attitude of stakeholders within the environment they operate is critically analyse to curtail unnecessary changes, ensure that some aspect of our religion that are against entrepreneurial development is critically analyse for necessary modification, should be made aware of any changes on the languages in use and give room for contributions to improve performance, should introduce measures that will support entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs in tackling the issue of belief and encourage creativity and innovation to adequately improve family structure that is against entrepreneurial development.
Keywords: Entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial development, performance, sociocultural factors.
EFFECT OF FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF LISTED FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Daniel Ehi Eikhomun,
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
Yusuf Ova Mutalib Ph.D,
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
Johnson Ayanwuyi,
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
Odumegwu, Iriabije
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
Emmanuel Uareme
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
Emmanuel Chijioke
Department of Accountancy,
Federal Polytechnic Bauchi,
Bauchi State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study examined the effect of firm characteristics on Corporate Social Responsibility of listed firms in Nigeria. The study adopted ex-post facto research design and collected data using secondary method generated from annual reports of the selected companies. The data was collected from 13 listed industrial goods companies in Nigeria for the period of ten years (2014-2023). The data was analyzed using regression with the help of STATA. The findings of the study revealed that ROA and firm size have positive and significant effect on CSR. Leverage was found to have a negative and significant effect on CSR. Also, liquidity has a negative and insignificant effect on CSR. Given the study’s findings, ROA and firms size should be improve over the period if the firms want to sustain it level of performance. Also, the study recommends that firms should focus more on ROA if it wants to ameliorate on its profit and firm size. Finally, as part of corporate social responsibility practice, firms should ensure that there is presence of more CEO Power as such influential CEO would directly or indirect effect the level of CSR among the industrial goods firms in Nigeria.
ASSESSING THE CONTRIBUTION OF NON-OIL EXPORTS TO ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Mustapha Yusufu,
Department of Economics,
Federal College of Education Yola,
Adamawa State Nigeria.
Mandara Binta Mamman,
Department of Business,
Education Federal College of Education Yola,
Adamawa State Nigeria.
Muhammad Umar,
3Department of Economics and Development Studies
Federal University, Gashua,
Yobe State, Nigeria
Abstract
Oil has been the mainstay of the Nigerian economy for over five decades; this led to the levelling of Nigeria as a mono-economy. However, despite the dominance of oil, significant other exports include food, non-oil minerals, agricultural raw materials, manufacturing and merchandise. This study assessing the contribution of non-oil exports to economic growth in Nigeria. The data used for the study is for the period 1990 to 2023. The main method of analysis used for the work is the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration method. However, additional tools such as the Error Correction Model (ECM) and Granger causality test were used to add dynamism to the study results. The results of the long-run analysis show that manufacturing export has a negative but statistically insignificant effect on economic growth, but food export has a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth, while merchandise export is positive but statistically insignificant; export of primary commodities excluding oil has a negative but statistically insignificant effect on economic growth. The results also show that trade openness has a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth. The result of bound testing shows cointegration and the existence of the long-run relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The results of the Granger Causality that show the short-run relationship between variables show that the independent variables (export of manufacturing, food, merchandise, primary commodity excluding oil and trade openness) Granger causes the dependent variable (economic growth). The paper recommends boosting the export of major export commodities and creating more export-friendly policies and environments.
Keywords: Export, Non-Oil Export, Trade, Economic Growth, ARDL, Nigeria
ASSESSING THE SEASONAL VARIABILITY OF AVIATION WEATHER HAZARDS AND THEIR OPERATIONAL IMPACTS AT MALAM AMINU KANO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Umar Sani Ahmad,
Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA),
Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.
Suleiman Y. M.,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Terseer I.,
Federal University of Technology, Minna,
Niger State, Nigeria.
Isah, A. T.,
Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet),
National Weather Forecasting and Climate Research Centre,
Abuja, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The efficiency and safety of flight operations are critically dependent on weather conditions, particularly in tropical regions where seasonal variability introduces unique challenges for aviation management. This study investigates the seasonal variability of aviation weather hazards and their impacts on flight operations at Malam Aminu Kano International Airport (MAKIA), focusing on dust haze, thunderstorms, and rainfall. Using a comprehensive dataset spanning 30 years (1993 to 2023) of meteorological records and 10 years (2013 to 2023) of flight operation data, the research identifies significant seasonal patterns that correlate with operational disruptions. Dust haze, most prevalent during the Harmattan season, was found to have the strongest correlation with flight delays and cancellations due to its impact on visibility. Thunderstorms, concentrated in the wet season, were primarily associated with flight delays due to the risks of turbulence and lightning. Rainfall, while contributing less directly to flight disruptions, exacerbates other weather-related challenges, particularly when combined with poor runway conditions. The findings highlight the critical need for season-specific management strategies, including improved weather forecasting, dynamic flight scheduling, and enhanced airport infrastructure. These measures are essential for mitigating the adverse effects of weather hazards on flight operations, ensuring safer and more efficient management of air traffic at MAKIA and similar airports in tropical regions.
Keywords: Seasonal variability, Aviation weather hazards, Flight operations, Dust Haze, Thunderstorms, Rainfall
IN VITRO EFFICACY OF ZIZIPHUS JUJUBA LEAVES AND STEM BARK EXTRACTS ON BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM PATIENTS’ WOUNDS ATTENDING 44 ARH, KADUNA
Shitu, S.,
Department of Applied Biology,
School of Applied Sciences,
College of Science and Technology,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria
Abubakar, A.A
Department of Applied Biology,
School of Applied Sciences,
College of Science and Technology,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria
Ali, M.
Department of Applied Biology,
School of Applied Sciences,
College of Science and Technology,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Ziziphus jujuba from the family of Rhamnaceae is widely distributed in both tropical and subtropical countries. Different parts of the plant have been used traditionally for several biological purposes including fungal and antibacterial and antidiarrheal. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of jujube leaves and stem bark extract in combating bacterial isolates found in patients’ wounds. Phytochemical screening of the leaves extract of Ziziphus jujuba was carried out using standard analytical methods. The methanolic extracts of Ziziphus jujuba leaf and stem bark were screened for antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus and salmonella isolated from wound swabs using agar well diffusion and broth dilution assay. The results of the phytochemical constituents of both the leaf and stem bark revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, tannins, phenols, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins and terpenes. The inhibitory zones of both the leaf and stem bark methanolic extract against S. aureus ranged between 23.00mm, 20.00mm, 15.00mm and 10.00 mm, E. coli ranged between 22.00mm, 20mm, 18.00mm and 10.00 mm, Bacillus ranged between 23.00mm, 20.00mm, 15.00mm and 10.00 mm and Salmonella ranged between 22.00mm, 18.00mm, 15.00mm and 10.00 mm at 100,50,25 and 12.5 (mg/ml) respectively.
Keyword: Ziziphus jujube, in vitro efficacy, wound, bacterial isolates, phytochemical screening
IMPROVING HYBRID EDUCATION USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED DIGITAL TWIN TECHNOLOGY (AIBDTT)
Ojuope, Kehinde Isaac1,
Department of Computer Sci.,
Aminu Saleh College of Educ., Azare,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Salawu, Sule Ajiboye
2Department of Computer Sci.,
Aminu Saleh Col. of Edu., Azare,
Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Chris-Alofe, Mary Folasade2,
Department of Comp. Sci.,
Federal Coop. College, Ibadan,
Oyo State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Hybrid education is one area that can move forward tremendously with the provision of the functionalities provided by digital twin technology. Digital twin is a virtual replicas of physical reality, digital twins mirror the real objects they represent, including components, infrastructure, architecture, and functionality. To build a dynamic and collaborative hybrid learning environment, digital twin technology becomes its bedrock. Digital twin technology can be established at all levels of education, it can be employed in a variety of educational contexts. Students can mimic scientific experiments that may be very difficult to conduct in classroom as a result of lack / limited resources, safety, time and cost of conducting such an experiment. Digital twins can be used to develop virtual versions of the finding; it can help academic researchers to plan virtual field trips that enable learners travel the globe without ever leaving the classroom. Students can interact with the subject teacher or the experts virtually by using digital duplicates to build virtual versions of the model for hybrid education in a remote community where students face the challenges of accessing th learning facilities.
Keywords: Hybrid Education, Digital Twin Technology, Teaching, Learning.
SURVEY AND CONTROL OF FUNGAL STEM ROT DISEASE OF GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) USING GARLIC LEAF EXTRACTS (Allium sativum L.) IN ADAMAWA STATE
Isa, A.,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State.
- K. Dagza,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State.
Rejoice A. Jacob,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State.
Maria Dingari,
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi,
Adamawa State.
ABSTRACT
Groundnut fungal stem rot is one of the most important limiting factors to groundnut production and one of the most important diseases of groundnut caused by Sclerotium rolfsii which is a destructive soil-borne fungal pathogen. The survey and control of stem rot disease of groundnut in Adamawa State was conducted from 2017 to 2023. The research focused on groundnut incidence and severity of stem rot pathogen, phytochemical screening of the various garlic parts used and in vitro management of the pathogen using Leaf extracts of Allium sativum. Samples collected from nine local government areas of Adamawa State were taken to Plant Science laboratory of Modibbo Adama University, Yola in a dry sterile polythene bag. Laboratory work was carried out in the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology. Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) was used for the isolation and in vitro control trials. The result for incidence of stem rot disease of groundnut from the nine Local Government Areas of Adamawa State showed Mubi North had the highest incidence of 22.34 %, while Guyuk had the least incidence of 6.75 %. The level of stem rot disease severity revealed that Ganye recorded the highest severity of 4.60 and Guyuk had the least with 2.40. Qualitative phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, steroids and terpenoids in the aqueous garlic leaf extracts. Quantitatively, alkaloids were recorded as the highest occurring phytochemical with 6.71% while tannins were the lowest with 1.40%. Plant extract materials were effective in inhibiting the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro. The level of inhibition increased with increase in concentrations. It is therefore recommended that the use of A. sativum leaf extracts for the management of groundnut stem rot should be encourage among local farmers at a concentration between 40-60 % because of its effectiveness, affordability and environmental friendliness.
Key words: Arachis hypogaea, Sclerotium rolfsii, Allium sativum, stem rot and phytochemical
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOCHAR FROM RICE HUSK
Umar Musa,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Jibrin Waziri,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Tobias T. Nyam,
Department of Chemical Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Benjamin Adejoh,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna,
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Biochar was produced from Rice husk which is an agricultural waste obtained from rice milling process. The rice husk was pyrolized at a temperature of 500 oC inside a drum pyrolyser for a period of 1 hr 30 min. A particle size of 450 of the biochar was obtained using sieve analysis and the biochar was characterized. From the results obtained, the surface area of the biochar was 310.3m2/g. The bulk density, pore volume and pore size were found to be 0.143g/cm3, 0.143cm3/g and 3.681 nm respectively. The yield was 49% and the pH is 8.4. The adsorptive capacity of the biochar was 0.894 mg/s. From the results, it is concluded that the biochar has good adsorption properties and can be used for, soil amendment/conditioning, wastewater treatment, gas separation and purification, water purification and vegetable oil refining processes. The biochar can also be considered for application in the production of chemical biochar based fertilizer. The production of biochar using rice husk is also a good solid waste management technique which helps in preventing environmental pollution.
ABSTRACT WITHOUT PROCEEDING
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION INDUSTRIAL WASTE PRODUCT TO POTENTIAL INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIAL: INCREASING DIETARY FIBRE IN BREAD USING SPENT GRAINS
Adejumo Funmilayo Joyce
Bioresources Development Centre,
National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency,
Lugbe. Abuja. Nigeria.
Adewusi, S. R. A
Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Sciences,
Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife,
Osun State.
Adgidzi, P. P. & Oluwafemi, M. P.
Bioresources Development Centre,
NABRDA, Abuja, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study was to assess the nutritional qualities of spent grains and explore its incorporation in composite flour for the production of bread as a healthy substitute for wheat flour. Spent grains were produced from White and Red Sorghum by taking them through malting and mashing processes. Industrial spent grain was also obtained from International Breweries Plc, Ilesha. The spent grains were analysed for proximate composition and substituted into wheat flour in the production of bread at 10, 20 and 30% respectively. The acceptability of the bread from the composite flour was determined through sensory analysis. The crude protein (CP) contents for red sorghum spent grains (RSSG), white sorghum spent grains (WSSG) and the industrial spent grains (ISP) are 12.20, 8.18 and 12.91% respectively. Crude fibre content showed 1.93, 0.88 and 5.38% for RSSG, WSSG and ISG respectively. ISG recorded the highest value for ash content (3.93%) while the values for WSSG and RSSG are 1.48 and 1.33% respectively. The ether extract values are 6.82, 11.31 and 9.58% for RSSG, WSSG and ISG respectively. The moisture contents for RSSG, WSSG and ISG are 10.33, 11.31 and 9.58% respectively, while the carbohydrate contents showed 67.24, 67.25 and 57.12% for RSSG, WSSG and ISG respectively. This study has shown that spent grain incorporatd at 10% in wheat flour gave rise to acceptable bread high in dietary fibre which makes the bread a good alternative for diabetic patients.
Keywords: Spent Grains, White Sorghum, Red Sorghum, Wheat Flour, Bread
TOWARDS A THEORY OF DIGITAL CAPITAL: EXPLORING THE DYNAMICS OF DIGITAL RECORDS IN DRIVING ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
Abdulkarim Aliyu Bube
Department of Library and Information Science,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abdullahi Ibrahim Musa, PhD
Department of Library and Information Science,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The digital revolution has transformed the global economy, leading to the emergence of digital opportunities to the citizens of the countries. This leads to the emergence of digital boom through which wealth is generated. This study explores the potential of digital records to drive economic development in the economies, recognizing them as a form of digital capitals. This research investigates among others the challenges and barriers to harnessing digital records for economic development. The study proposes a novel theoretical framework, which explains the dynamics of digital capitals in the global economies. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on digital capitalism and economic development, providing a foundation for future research and policy-making. The study will have significant implications for policymakers, business owners, and digital records holders regardless of the sectors of the economies, offering a pathway to unlock the economic potential of digital records and promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
Keywords: Digital capital, digital capitalism, digital records, economic development, less developed economies, theory generation.