INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (IJPAS) VOL 6 (1) APRIL, 2018 ISSN 2783 – 5895
Published by:
Nightingale Publications and Research International,
Centre for African Development Studies,
Ministry of Education, Abuja,
Abuja FCT-Nigeria.
Email: nightingalenigeriapub@gmail.com
Copyright © 2018 Nightingale Research and Publications International.
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EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS INTERACTION ON CONTENTS OF SUNFLOWER PARTS IN MAIDUGURI, SUDANO- SAHELIAN AGRO-ECOLOGY, NIGERIA
J.W. WABEKWA
Department of Crop Production, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Abstract
The experiment was conducted during 2010 and 2011 rainy seasons to determine how phosphorus availability would influence N utilization in sunflower. The study location was Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Production, University of Maiduguri (100 47’N, 130 13’ E). Phosphorus was applied at land preparation at the rate of 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg P2 O5 ha-1. Nitrogen at the rate of 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 was factorially combined with the phosphorus rates and arranged in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Nitrogen was applied in two equal splits, first at two weeks after sowing (WAS), to facilitate the development of plant parts and equip their absorption tissues and storage organs. The second N dose was applied at anthesis, when plants demand for fertilizer increased due to tissue maturity and grain development. Necessarycultural practices were taken care of, and samples of plant parts were obtained at harvest and analyzed for their various tissue N contents. Results showed that average root N content for the two rainy seasons increased with the application of 60 kg P2 05 ha-1, without N (0kg ha-1) and recorded 5.4%. Result for stem N content shows positive interaction between 30 kg N ha-1, and 60 kg P2 O5 ha-1, which influenced optimum increase in the stem tissue N content (8.08%) in the average for the two rainy seasons. The application of 80 kg P2 O5 ha-1 without N (O kg ha-1) increased leaf N uptake and recorded optimum N content of 19.8% in the average for the two rainy seasons. Similarly average grain N content for the two rainy seasons increased and recorded optimum value of 25.7% when the highest phosphorus rate of 80 kg P2 O5 ha-1 was applied without N (O kg ha-1). It is evident from the above findings that sunflower requires phosphorus for N absorption, and this justifies conclusions made from many related studies. There are also indications herein, that leaves and gains showed higher demand for fertilizer (N) than lower parts of the plant due to their roles in photosynthesis, grain development and grain quality; and therefore when recommended N rate for grain yield in sunflower is taken to consideration under field condition, the addition of 80 kg P2 O5 ha-1 is also recommended to facilitate N uptake for increased yield and quality of grains in terms of nutritional contents.
Keywords: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Interaction, N-contents, Plant Parts, Average
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF TWO STRAINS OF HELMETED GUINEA FOWL NUMIDA MELEAGRIS
NUHU, S. H.1, KALLA, D. J. U.2, MANCHA, Y. P.2 AHMED, I. A.3, MOHAMMED, A.1 YARO, S. S.1, SANI, A.1, AND OYENIRAN J. O.1
1Department of Animal Health and Production Federal Polytechnic Bauchi 2Department of Animal Production Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi 3Department of Animal Health and Production, College of Agriculture Bauchi
Abstract
An experiment that lasted for five (5) weeks to compare the hematological parameters of royal purple and pearl grey strains of guinea fowl. A total of thirty six adult helmeted guinea fowl were used for the experiment. This comprised of eighteen each of royal purple and pearl grey strain, made up of six cocks and twelve hen. The birds were fed commercial chicken feed. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Parameters measured were White blood cell (WBC), Red blood cell (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb), Pack cell volume (PCV), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of the birds. Royal purple recorded significantly higher (P<0.05) WBC than Pearl grey strain (4.73±0.21 and 4.09±0.21). However significantly lower RBC count (3.26±0.15 and 3.70±0.15) and Hb (11.72±0.23and 12.23±0.23) were observed in Royal purple than Pearl grey strain. There was no strain difference (P>0.05) in the MCV, MCH and MCHC in the result. Sex difference (P<0.05) was only observed in MCH where Male (40.36±2.34) recorded higher value than the female (34.43±2.34) guinea fowl. No significant sex difference (P>0.05) was observed in the other parameters observed. The values of all the parameters measured were within the required range of domestic fowl. The study concluded that strain and sex differences exist in hematological parameters of royal purple and pearl grey strain of guinea fowl. Royal purple exhibited stronger immune potential than pearl grey strain while pearl strain showed potential for higher level of adaption to the environment, feed efficiency and semen quality.
Keywords: Helmeted Guinea fowl, strain, sex and hematology.
COMPUTER STORAGE VERSUS CLOUD STORAGE; THE BENEFIT, CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWORD
- ABUBAKAR ABBA
Computer Science Department, Federal College Of Education, Zaria
Abstract
Cloud computing service is very useful in various sections of human activities and it has been a future information technology design for organizations or companies in the next generation. It moves the data maintained by cloud service provider on the cloud storage servers which prevent too much burden on users such as control of the physical data possession. There are two primary methods of storing digital data: locally on an external hard drive or remotely with a third-party cloud storage service. Both options have distinct advantages and disadvantages so knowing exactly what those are can help you choose the method that is best suited for you and your data. This paper describes the benefit, challenges and way forward of storing data on cloud and computer system.
KEYWORDS: Cloud Computing, Cloud Storage, Information Technology, Computer System, Data Integrity.
ANTIOXIDANT AND IN-VITRO ACTIVITIES OF MANGIFERA INDICA AND PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LEAVES ON SOME CLINICAL ISOLATES.
1OGBEBA, J., ¹IRUOLAJE, F., 1TIJJANI, M. AND ²DOGO, B.A.
1Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi state, Nigeria. 2National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC). Federal Secretariat Complex, Oke-Mosan, Abeokuta, Ogun state.
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of Mangifera indica and Psidium guajava leaves were tested against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi using agar well diffusion assays. The combination of the two plants methanol extracts were most effective against E.coli with zone of inhibition (12mm) at 100% concentration. Combination of the two plants ethanol extract were most effective against Staphylococcus aureus with zone of inhibition (12.7 mm) at 100% concentration. The methanol combination of the two extracts was effective against Salmonella typhi with zone of inhibition (11.5 mm) also at 100% concentration. The qualitative phytochemical screening of Mangifera indica and Psidium guajava indicated the presence of tanins, saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, phenol and cardiac glycoside at varying degrees in the ethanol, methanol and cold water extracts of the respective plants. The quantitative analysis of phenol, alkaloid ,flavonoid and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) of Psidium guajava leaves using spectrophotometry revealed 2.081mg/100g, 0.332mg/100g, 0.224mg/100g and 3.773mg/100g respectively, while that of M. indica was 4.621mg/100g, 0.524mg/100g, 0.341mg/100g and 5.343mg/100g respectively. This indicates the significant presence of antioxidants in Mangifera indica and Psidium guajava. These antioxidants could be helpful in protecting the body from damage caused by harmful molecules and free radicals as they help to oxidize these substances thereby preventing diseases.
Keywords: Antimicrobial, antioxidant, phytochemical, spectrophotometry, extraction.
EFFECTS OF ASCORBIC ACID AND CITRIC ACID TREATMENT ON QUALITY OF INSTANT POUNDO YAM FLOUR
1KURE O.A (MRS), 1DANIEL B.S AND *1DONALDBEN N.S
1Department of Food Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State.
Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of ascorbic acid and citric acid treatments on the functional and sensory properties of yam flour. Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) tubers were washed, peeled and sliced (1cm thickness) and divided into 7 portions (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7). T1 served as control, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were soaked in 2% (w/v) ascorbic acid, 3% ascorbic acid, and 0.5% citric acid, 1% citric acid solutions, respectively for 20 min. Sample T6 was soaked in a mixture containing 0.5% ascorbic acid and 0.5% citric acid while sample T7 portion was soaked in a mixture containing 1% ascorbic acid and 1% citric acid. The slices were drained, sun dried, milled, sieved and analyzed for their pasting and functional properties. The peak viscosity, pasting temperature, pasting time, peak temperature, peak time, setback viscosity and final viscosity ranged from: 4222cp-32000cp, 78.25oC-86.30oC, 3.44-3.73min, 82.95oC-101oC, 5.6cp-6.5cp, 1800cp-3300cp and 5540cp-31000cp respectively, the functional properties: bulk density, emulsion capacity, emulsion stability, foam capacity, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, reconstitution index and swelling index were: 0.46(g/ml)-0.73(g/ml),0.33%-8.22%, 1.40%-5.0%, 3.4%-17.1%, 125%-200%, 135%-140%, 2.5%-4.15% and 2.85%-4.35%. Pounded yam (yam flour dough) was prepared from samples and was assessed for their sensory properties appearance, taste, texture, aroma and overall acceptability. Sensory quality parameters were significantly different (P≤0.05) for all flour samples except taste. The poundo yam flour treated with 2% ascorbic acid T2 was generally more preferred to the others.
Keywords: poundo yam flour, ascorbic acid, citric acid, pasting properties, sensory qualities.
EXPERIMENTAL COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF COMBINED DARRIEUS – SAVONIUS WIND MACHINE FOR LOW WIND SPEED REGIMES
- H. NDAGI, I. GARBA AND A.A. ADAMU
Abstract
Three Wind Tunnel – scaled combined Darrieus – Savonius wind machine models were designed and constructed. The Darrieus – Savonius models; 6 x 3 cm, 6 x 6 cm and 3 x 6 cm high were test run in the Subsonic wind tunnel at the Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University Kano. Comparative performance analysis in terms of self-starting capability, Tip Speed Ratio (TSR) and deliverable torque was conducted. ANOVA was conducted using a Statistical tool ‘SAS’ System. It was experimentally and analytically established that; the 6 x 3 cm Darrieus – Savonius model exhibits better self – starting capability at low wind speed of 3.4 m/s. It also exhibits higher TSR values suitable for its adoption for electrical generating applications in low wind speed regimes. It was analytically proved that lower cut-in-speed of 2.06 m/s was achievable by reducing the height of the Savonius to 1.5 cm making the ratio of Darrieus- Savonius to be 4: 1 as against 2:1. For mechanical applications in low wind speed regimes, it was established that the model with 1: 1 ratio of Darrieus – Savonius exhibits higher shaft power and torque which is suitable for such operations. E.g., water pumping and milling operations. The 3 x 6 cm Darrieus – Savonius model exhibit the least self-starting capability, mechanical power and torque and therefore unsuitable for both electrical and mechanical applications in low wind speed regime.
Keywords: Comparative, Performance , Combined, Savonius, Machine.
QUANTIFYING THE IMPACT OF A LOW RANDOM DISTURBANCE ON THE BIODIVERSITY VALUE
*BARIDAKARA L. NU-UE(1), *E.N. EKAKA-A(1) AND **J.U. ATSU(2)
*Department of Mathematics, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria **Department of Mathematics/Statistics, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria
Abstract
In this work, we have proposed and studied a dynamical system of continuous non-linear first order ordinary differential equations that describes the interaction of the biological-environmental variables. Using a computationally efficient numerical simulation scheme (called MATLAB ODE 45 numerical scheme), the effect of a relatively low random noise disturbance value of 0.1 obtained by a Poisson probability law on the ecosystem is quantified and fully discussed.
Keywords: Impact, Low, Random, Disturbance, Biodiversity, Value.
WOMEN’S HEALTH SCOURGE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A HEALTH GOVERNANCE CHALLENGE
UMAR IBRAHIM
Governance for Global Health Department, International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH) HUKM Complex, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Abstract
The article looked at the contemporary women health issues constraints, challenges and impediments in developing countries. The study was conducted to suggest approaches that confer solution to the growing disparities in women’s health status and provide guides to global health students and stakeholders who sought to improve women’s health and well-being. Desk top survey through online datasets search was explored for literature; several sources were synthesized. All the sources covered were theoretical and connected to developing countries women’s health landscape, health system governance and related policies. The article explored various policies targeting women’s health improvement, in one way or another, but discovered that the challenges persist, it was against this background, the study proposed what it’s called, ‘Three in puts collaborative paradigms’ a model as possible solution of improving women’s health scourge in developing countries. However, the practicability of the proposed framework paradigms needs to be experimented, so as to form a basis for its general application.
Keywords: Women-Health, Health-Governance, Framework, Partnership, Policy
THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A PORTABLE KEROSINE PRESSURE-COOKER
SIBEUDU CHIWETALU EMENIKE*, OCHUBA NNAMDI.
Department Mechanical Engineering Federal Polytechnic Oko
Abstract
This paper dealt with the design and construction of a portable kerosene pressure-cooker. The existing cookers and the problems associated with them were analyzed. The need and importance of this work were also high highlighted. The design consists of three parts: the cylinder, the piping, and the frame. The R-12 refrigerant cylinder was redesigned to suit the kerosene cylinder, since it has the desirable features for that purpose. Using the principles of fluid dynamics, this work was able to establish that the power of the cooker is 179.922KW, and that under a constant pressure of IMPa the cooker will discharge and burn 1 litre of kerosene in 3.5 minutes giving out an enormous heat energy of 38.2MJ
Keywords: Volumetric flow rate, mass flow rate, power, energy, pressure.
POTENTIALS AND CONSUMPTION OF AFRICAN STAR APPLE (CHRYSOPHYLLUM ALBIDUM) IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
*DANDAWO, H. *HAMISU, A.J, **GARBA, A ***BABUGA, U.S AND ****S.S JIBIA
*Department of Agriculture Extension and Management, Binyaminu Usman Polytechnic, Hadejia Jigawa State Nigeria **Department of Agricultural Technology, Binyaminu Usman Polytechnic, Hadejia Jigawa State Nigeria ***Department of Agriculture Technology, the Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria ***Department of Agricultural Extension and Management, Federal College of Agricultural Produce Technology, Kano
Abstract
The study was carried out in Jigawa state. It has 27 local government areas. Situated in the north-western part of the country between latitude 11.000 N, to 13.000N and longitudes 8.000E to 10.150 E. Kano State and Katsina State border Jigawa to the west, Bauchi State to the east and Yobe State to the north east. To the north, Jigawa shares an international border with Zinder in the Republic of Niger. The population is 4,348,649 persons (National Population Commission, 2006). It has a land area of approximately 22,210 km2 or about 2.2 million hectares. Most part of the state lies within the Sudan vegetation zone. On some parts of the southern boundaries, some traces of Guinea Savannah exist. The rainfall is higher in the southern part of the state. Jigawa has an average of about 700mm annual rainfall, plant play an important roles in the diet of most people in the tropics, providing essential minerals and vitamins and adding colour, flavour and variety to monotonous diet. It’s sticky body and sour taste doesn’t bother you as you savour the milky juice finding its way out after gentle press. Contains more Vitamin C/ascorbic acid than Orange and guava. This vitamin helps prevent scurvy, a mouth gum disease. It is used in the treatment of sour throat, constipation or toothache. A research by scientist in Covenant University reveals that Agwaluma could lower blood sugar and cholesterol, and could be useful in preventing and treating heart diseases. Respondents were randomly selected for the study from Hadejia metropolis. There are two categories (50 were Agwaluma consumers and 40 non consumers) this give a total of ninety respondents for the study. Data were collected primarily from the respondents. From the primary source, information collected through the use of structured questionnaires, the secondary source of data were journals, published books, articles, magazines, seminar papers and newsletters. The data were analyzed using both descriptive inferential statistics. Conclusively the fruit has proven to possess some nutritive and medicinal values, majority of the consumers were women and youth; and further serves as safety net particularly during shortfall in agricultural production and reduce malnutrition in children. Therefore, encouraging farmers to go in to the mass production of this important tree will go a long way in promoting the benefits of this tree species which could significantly contribute in the sustenance of livelihood and income generation by small scale farmers and marketers especially in the rural areas in Nigeria.
Keywords: Consumption, African, Star Apple, Chrysophyllum, Albidum, Nigeria.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF FACTORS PREDICTING CUSTOMERS’ REJECTION OF MOBILE BANKING USAGE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
AYOADE, OLUSOLA BAMIDELE
Computer Science Department, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study examined factors predicting customers’ rejection of mobile banking usage in tertiary institutions in Oyo State. A descriptive survey design was employed and population of the study consists of both staff and students in the selected tertiary institutions in Oyo State, Nigeria. Incidental and proportional random sampling techniques was used to select one Thousand, five hundred (1500) respondents from the population of the study. Three research questions were formulated for the study. An adapted questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. Out of the 1600 questionnaires administered on the sample of the study, only 1500 were returned. Data collected were analysed using simple percentage, frequency count, pearson product moment correlation and regression analysis test. The results of the study showed that the most reasons why customers’ refuse to use mobile banking services is because of its security concern, followed by the lack of trust and cost of using mobile banking services. The results also indicated that most customers’ rejected the usage of mobile banking services because they lack knowledge and learning required to use the services, followed by poor telecommunication network and because the services attract additional banking charges. Finally, all the demographic data of the respondents (i.e. gender, age, income, marital status and years of experience of using mobile phone) were factors that predicted the customers’ rejection of mobile banking services usage. However, years of experience of using mobile phone is the strongest factor that determines the rejection level of using mobile banking services, followed by income and age. The study recommends that service provider should ensure the security of m-banking and familiarization of the customers with how to use the mobile banking service. Also, they should ensure that the services provided is robust, available 24/7 and easily affordable for the users. Finally, they should organize awareness programme on m-banking services through mass media in order to attract more and more people to use it for their benefit.
Keywords: ATM, ICT, IDT, Mobile-Banking, Mobile Phone, TAM
NUTRIENT INTAKE AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF RABBITS FED GRADED LEVELS OF BAOBAB POD PULP IN A COMPLETE DIETS
FATIHU SALMANU YAKUBU
Department of Agricultural Education, School of Secondary Education (Vocational), Federal College of Education Technical FCE (T) Bichi PMB 3473, Kano State, Nigeria.
Abstract
An eight weeks study was conducted to evaluate nutrient intake and growth performance by rabbits fed graded levels of baobab (Adansonia digitata) pod pulp meal diet. Twenty (20) grower rabbits of mixed sexes with average weight of 530g were used for the study. The rabbits were divided into four (4) treatments and allocated to four different diets (0, 10, 20 and 30% BPPM) in a completely randomized design and data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results revealed that final body weight (g), average daily weight gain (g), total weight gain (g), total feed intake (g) and feed conversion ratio were statistically significant (p<0.05) where as the ether extract is significant (p<0.05) on nutrient intake of the rabbits. The result revealed that feeding grower rabbits with baobab pod pulp meal diets at 10, 20 and 30% inclusion levels did not have any harmful effect on the growth performance and nutrient intake of the experimental rabbits. Therefore the study recommended that inclusion levels of baobab pod pulp in the diets of rabbits should not go beyond 20%.
Keywords: Feed intake; Feed conversion ratio; Weight gain