AFRICAN SCHOLARS JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCE (JHSS-6) (1)
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FEDERAL CHARACTER PRINCIPLE IN THE NIGERIAN GOVERNMENTAL PROCESS: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS.
ADOLE RAPHAEL AUDU, PhD
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State
ABSTRACT
Federalism is a form of political and administrative arrangement in which the central government has some form of power separate from the constituent units in the federation. It is intended to provide shared powers and resources among constituent units within the country. This paper assesses the Federal Character Principle in the Nigerian governmental process. Its specific objective therefore is to examine the role of the Federal Character Commission in the implementation of the Federal character principle in Nigeria. The secondary data was used to discuss the content of the paper while the prismatic ‘sala’ model formed the theoretical framework. The paper revealed that the guidelines for recruitment into the Federal service introduced by the Commission had greatly promoted fairness and representativeness in the recruitment process in the country. However, the Commission is bedeviled with the issue of indigene/settler conundrum as seen in Plateau, Kaduna, Benue and other parts of the country. The paper thus concludes that though the Federal character principle is against the Weberian principle that emphasized merit in recruitment process, more could still be done to strengthen the Commission in Nigeria. The paper therefore recommends amongst others that the ongoing political reform agenda should squarely face the festering indigene/citizenship conundrum by introducing statutory residency in Nigeria where every citizen would be given equal right irrespective of where he or she resides. conundrum by introducing statutory residency in Nigeria where every citizen would be given equal right irrespective of where he or she resides.
Keywords: Federalism, Governmental Process, Federal Character Principle, Federal Character Commission, Nigeria.
THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICTS) IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESSES IN COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, BENIN CITY
ISUNUEO BENEDICTA OMEGHIE
Nigeria Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Department of Social and Governance Policy Research
ABSTRACT
In today’s global educational setting, improved strategies for imparting knowledge and skills to students are evolving with serious implications for teachers and students. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is widely used in education for collection, management and analysis. Nigeria being a developing nation recognizes the relevance of ICTs in national development and particularly in education. Hence, the deployment of ICT in Nigerian education system has received considerable attention. Despite the perceived importance and benefits associated with the use of ICT in the teaching and learning processes, there are still doubts among scholars on the actual impacts of ICT in the teaching and learning processes. In Nigeria, even though ICT facilities have been deployed in many learning institutions; there is little or no impact studies conducted to determine ICTs effect on teaching and learning outcomes. Hence, this study evaluated the impact of ICT in the teaching and learning processes in College of Education, Benin. The research design was descriptive survey using the ex post facto method while the main instrument of data collection was a structured questionnaire for teachers and students in the selected institution. Analysis was done using mainly descriptive statistics and result shows non-availability of many ICT facilities and low integration of ICT facilities in the teaching and learning processes. It further identifies the challenges to ICT utilization to non- availability of ICT facilities. In view of the importance of ICT, the paper calls for policies to address challenges facing ICT utilization in the Nigerian educational system.
Keywords: Information, Teaching, Communication, Technology and Learning.
COMPARING THE QUALITIES OF CAKES MADE FROM WHITE YAM AND WHEAT FLOUR FOR SUSTAINABLE INDIGENOUS HOSPITALITY
LOVETH LARE ADEJOH 1 MATTHEW APEH ADEJOH 2 MATTHEW PEGOELONG 3
1Department of Hospitality Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Nigeria.2Department of Hospitality Management, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Nigeria. 3Department of Hospitality Management, Plateau State Polytechnic, Barkin Ladi, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
White yam is produced in abundance in some parts of Nigeria. It has notable nutritional qualities that may make its flour serve as an alternative or complementary to conventional wheat flour. Three samples of cake namely plain, sponge and butter cakes were produced from the flour alongside with controls from wheat flour and served to a sensory evaluation panel. All samples were assessed on the bases of texture, colour, aroma and taste on a 7-point scale. Data were analyzed by 2 Sample Tests to determine the relationship between white yam flour cakes and those of wheat flour as well as the preference for white yam products between males and females. Results show that there is no significant difference between white yam and wheat flour cakes. Both males and females show equal preference for white yam plain and sponge cakes but show statistically significant difference for the white yam butter cake. It is recommended that white yam flour should be accepted in pastry production as an alternative or complementary to conventional wheat flour to minimize cost.
Keywords: White yam, Wheat, Flour, Cakes, Sustainable development
EVALUATION OF RADIATION HAZARD INDICES AND EXCESS LIFETIME CANCER RISK DUE TO NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN JOS MINED TAILINGS.
UMAR BALA*1, DR. MANGSET W.E.2 AND DAVOU L.C.3
1 Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria 2&3Department of physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The radiological effects of mined tailings in some locations in Jos Plateau State have been estimated. The samples were collected from 14 different sites. The radio nuclides concentrations in the tailing samples were measured using gamma spectroscopy method. The average values of obtained were 762.4Bqkg-1, 17258.3Bqkg-1 and 5901.4Bqkg-1 respectively. These radioactivity concentration values obtained are far above the world average value of 400Bqkg-1 for, 35BQkg-1 for and 30Bqkg-1 for by UNSCEAR. The hazard indices and excess lifetime cancer risk were estimated using standard analytical methods. The average values obtained for annual gonnadal equivalent dose, radium equivalent, external hazard index, internal hazard index, representative gamma indices, annual effective dose equivalent (outdoor), annual effective dose (indoor) and excess lifetime cancer risk respectively were 76348.49Svyr-1, 25896.16Bqkg-1, 70.20Svyr-1, 71.98Svyr-1, 181.60Svyr-1, 86250.95μSvyr-1, 13877.58μSvyr-1 and 48571.52 x 10-3. The values when compared with the corresponding world recommended levels were found to be far above the standard limit and as such, radiation exposure to the miners, those that process it and those that live very close to the study area will pose significant health hazard to them. The results of this study show the importance to investigate the radioactivity levels in drinking water, vegetables grown and cattle reared in the study area.
Keywords: tailings, health hazard indices, radiation, excess lifetime cancer risk, Jos
AN ASSESSMENT OF TRANSFORMATION AGENDA IN NIGERIA (2011-2015)
* M. IDOKOAKOR (PHD) ** ZEKERI MOMOH
*Department of Political Science, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. **Global Network for Peace and Anti-Corruption Initiative (GNPAI), Abuja, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Expectations of Nigerians were high on President Goodluck Jonathan following his victory at the 2011 Presidential pool because the Nigerian economy was in a great crisis as most sectors of the Nigerian economy such as Power, Education, Agricultural sectors etc were in comatose. In order to revamp these sectors the President Goodluck Jonathan administration came up with what was known as the Transformation agenda aimed at holistic transformation of the entire Nigerian economy. This study seeks to assess the Jonathan’s administration Transformation Agenda with a view to identify challenges inherent in it. In addition, we shall collect data for this study through secondary sources such as Textbooks, Journals, Internet sources, Magazines etc. and we shall employ content analysis in our analysis. However, the Output Oriented approach to reform were used as well as quantitative techniques such as simple percentage were used to analyzed data collected. This paper admit that the Jonathan’s administration have fared above average in the Educational sector, Agriculture, ICT, Gender policy but performed below average in the Health, Power, Security, Niger Delta, Water Resources, Foreign Policy and failed to combat corruption, tackle poverty and unemployment. It is this bases that the Jonathan’s administration cumulatively is rated below average due to the high incidence of poverty, bad governance, corruption, unemployment among others. Moreover, we suggested that if the Jonathan’s administration had tackled the issue of corruption, power, decay infrastructure, poverty his administration would have been better off than previous democratic regimes since 1999.
Keywords: Transformation Agenda, Development, Jonathan’s Administration, Corruption, Poverty
EFFECTIVE PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT IN WORK ORGANIZATIONS
DR CHIAHEMBA AUNDE IGUNGU
Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja
ABSTRACT
Personnel management is essentially an exercise in human engineering. People have needs, problems, and personal traits such as attitudes, emotions, temperaments and feelings which they bring to organizations. They have constructive tendencies but may also exhibit destructive tendencies depending on the extent to which their personal needs are satisfied by the organization. Since human beings are themselves complex, their needs and behaviours are similarly complex. Personnel management is thus a difficult task. Personnel management is deemed effective to the degree that it contributes to the achievement of the organizational goals. If all the human attributes are harnessed towards the achievement of the organizational goals, the management will be deemed to be effective. But because organizations are made up of people, machines and other equipment, effective management of people cannot exclude the effective management of material resources as well.
Keywords: Effective, Personnel, Management, Organizations, Goals.
IMPACT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARY RESOURCES ON EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL INCLINATION TO VISUAL IMPAIRMENT: COUNSELLING IMPLICATIONS
I.G USMAN (Ph.D.)1 & KOLO ALFA IDRIS2
Department of Counselling Psychology, IBB University, Lapai, Niger State1. Department of Continuing Education and Community Development, IBB University, Lapai, Niger State2Faculty Of Education And Arts, Ibb University, Lapai, Niger State.
ABSTRACT
This paper highlighted the essence of taking care of exceptional children with special needs, particularly, visually impaired children learner. It also dwelt in the usefulness of modern technology and how various technological devices and educational technology impact exceptional children in different dimensions. The paper went further to ex-ray the impact of library resources by enhancing reading abilities, communication and general academic performance of children who are visually impaired. The effective implementation of the use modern technology for exceptional children are surrounded by certain challenges, especially, in Nigeria, which include, lack of adequate technological facilities, lack of man power need, epileptic electricity supply, poor funding and poor implementation. The paper therefore adopted counselling strategies to address the above challenges. Coclusion and recommendations were proffered to draw the attention of parents, government and other stakeholders to the use of modern.
Keywords: Inclination, Library, Modern, Exceptional, Children.
EFFECTS OF EXECUTIVE-LEGISLATURE RELATIONS ON DEMOCRATIZATION IN NIGERIA: 1999 TO 2007
MOHAMMED-HASHIMU YUNUSA, PH.D & FATIMA ABUBAKAR KATCHA
*Department of Political Science, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State **Department of Political Science, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State.
ABSTRACT
Constitutionally, executive-legislature relations are major determinant of any democratic government. Unfortunately, in Nigeria between 1999 to 2007, the frosty relations between the executive and legislative arms of government had brought a major set-back to the state that would have led to democratic paralyses. This paper is focused at discussing the effects of frosty relations between the executive and legislature on democratization in Nigeria between 1999 to 2007. To do this, the paper argues that, issues like, prolonged military rule, inexperience on the sides of both arms of government, corruption in the National Assembly, personal ego, threats of impeachment and lack of strict adherence to democratic ethos, all contributed to the frosty relations between the executive and the legislative arms of government. As a way forward, the paper suggests that, there must be dialogue between the two arms of government, let there be party discipline, impeachment must be the last resort, both arms must aim at good governance and let there be separation of powers.
Keywords: executive, legislature, impeachment, governance, democracy and democratization
PUBLICITY REDEFINED: THE CASE OF NEW MEDIA AND ENTREPRENUERSHIP
TOYIN, ADINLEWA & TOYIN ADINLEWA
A Lecturer at the Department of Mass Communication, College of Social and Management Sciences, Wesley University, Ondo
ABSTRACT
Studies have found that entrepreneurial activities are capable of making drastic impacts on the economy of a nation and improve tremendously the quality of life of the people. But there is an incredible burden on entrepreneurs to maximize marketing naira without compromising quality. It is a fine line- one that not every entrepreneur understands. He is being told on one side that he won’t succeed unless consumers know his products and services exist- an engagement which takes a heavy marketing and promotional investment. On the other, he understands that he doesn’t have a large budget and spending too much on a launch campaign can doom him from the start. However, somewhere in the middle, there is a sweet spot that should allow him to reach a large audience with a conservative budget. That is the New media. Therefore, this paper provides conceptual frameworks to understanding entrepreneurship and new media, while exploring the new media in depth to explain its role to both economic development and promotional means which hitherto has remained part of the challenges of entrepreneurship world over.
Keyword: Publicity, Redefined, Case, Media and Entreprenuership.
THE USE OF HATE SPEECH AND INCITING COMMENTS ON SOCIAL MEDIA IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS TO THE POSITION OF MORALITY AND THE LAW
*ALAKALI, TERFA T. PH.D **BARR. HEMEN, PHILIP FAGA *** JINATU, MBURSA S
*Department of Mass Communication, University of Mkar, Mkar **Department of Law, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State ***Department of Mass Communication, University of Mkar
ABSTRACT
This study“Audience Perception of Hate Speech, Foul Language and Morality on Social Media “sets to examine hate speech and foul language on social media platforms and to find out its moral consequences in the society and to journalism practice. Employing the survey research methodology, the study samples 384 respondents using questionnaire and focus group discussion as instruments for data collection. Findings from the study majorly indicate that promoting hate speech and foul language on social media have moral consequences in the society and to journalism practice. These consequences among others include bias, loss of credibility, diverting media from fulfilling their primary role of serving the public interest and increasing moral decadence in the society. The study concludes based on these findings that hate speech and foul language is prevalent on social media platforms and has moral consequences both in the society and to journalism practice which is undermining the ethical standard of journalism in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that the Nigerian government and NGOs should sponsor monitoring Projects like the UMATI in Kenya to better understand the use of hate speech.
Keywords: Speech, Comments, Implications, Morality and Inciting
INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT, NATIONAL SECURITY AND THE ROLE OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY IN NIGERIA
*ADAMU MUHAMMED & **S.O. ALEGE
*Department of Social Sciences, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna.**Department of Political Sciences, Kogi State University, Ayingba, Kogi State.
ABSTRACT
Displacement and internally displaced persons are historic phenomenon and have continuously played a major role in Nigeria’s national security. Using secondary method of data collection and analysis, this study unveiled that communal clashes, religious conflict , violence/attacks, insurgency (example, Boko Haram ) flood disaster, storm, post-election violence, among others constituted a serious problem to the issue of internally displaced persons in nigeria. Thus, Conditions surrounding IDPs are also examined and their implications on the well being of the victims, especially as it affects them economically, socially and psychologically. How their rights as human beings are violated, how they are exposed to the risk of epidemic diseases, starvation, poverty, poor access to education and other essential services. The pattern of rehabilitation services available to the IDPs is also evaluated It is observed that the relief materials provided to displaced by NEMA, and other donor agencies are only emergency responses to cushion the effects of the difficulties they face. Looking at the relevance of the topic to the theory of human needs was adopted, the study adopted it for its convenience. Among others the study recommends a critical psychological, Physical , mental, social and economic needs of the IDPs must be addressed to the level they can function on their own without depending on external aids for survival.
Keywords: Displacement, Management, Emergency, Security, National Security.
SMES’ FINANCING AND NIGERIAN ECONOMIC GROWTH: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
*DR. NIYI, A. AGUDA & **MUSIBAU BABATUNDE SALAWU
*Banking & Finance Department, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria **Keystone Bank Ltd, Kebbi State, NigeriaABSTRACT
This study seeks to empirically investigate the impact of financing the SMEs on Nigerian economic growth. The study employed annual secondary data which contained information on gross domestic product (GDP) and commercial banks loans to the SMEs. The data collected cover the period between 1990 and 2015. Ordinary least square (OLS) simple regression analysis was adopted to examine the impact of commercial banks’ financing of the SMEs on the Nigerian economy. Findings of this study revealed that increased funding of the SMEs brings about improved economic growth in the country as measured by the GDP. This is because SMEs as the major drivers of the economy, if given the necessary financial encouragement will contribute optimally to the increased productivity in the country. It was recommended that the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should continue to encourage the commercial banks of the need to channel a significant portion of their loan to the SMEs industrialists. Commercial banks should remove the beaucratic red ape, when appraising projects. The efforts of the various actors must be matched to realize maximum benefits from the SMEs.
Keywords: Commercial Banks; Loans; SMEs; Economic Growth; Financing.
THE IMPACT OF INTERNET USAGE ON ACADEMIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT – STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVE IN A NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY
OBERIRI DESTINY APUKE1, TIMOTHY ONOSAHWO IYENDO2
1Department of Mass Communication, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Taraba State University, Jalingo Nigeria, P.M.B 1157 2Department of Architecture, European University of Lefke, Lefke, North Cyprus, Via Mersin 10, Turkey.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to infer the impact of internet usage on students’ academic research and development in Taraba state university, Jalingo, Nigeria. This study employed a quantitative survey method and used questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. Of the 263 questionnaires distributed, 250 were retrieved and analyzed with SPSS version 20. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. This includes demographics, frequencies, and percentages. The results showed that 80% of the students make use of the internet for their academic purpose, but have no access to cyber café facilities on campus. Consequently, students make use of their smartphones/handsets to access the internet through subscription from other internet providers. The study also divulges that search engine and online sources such as Google, Yahoo, and open access e-Journals are frequently used by the students. The results demonstrated that the use of internet yielded profound impact on students’ academic development which includes easy retrieval of information, availability of several sources, and increase access to current and relevant research. In this context, there is a need for the university to install sufficient cyber café for its students to enhance their academic research and performance.
Keywords: Internet impact; Internet usage; Students; Academic development; Taraba State University; Nigeria.
HEUR ET LEURRE DE LA PRODUCTION MINIERE AU CAMEROUN
ZE MARTIN PAUL
Chargé de cours, Université de douala, BP 2701 Douala.
Abstract
Mineral production in Cameroon has witnessed a renewed interest since the beginning of the century. This can be attributed to two connecting phenomena: The challenge of emergence fixed on the horizon 2013 and the pressure of financing big structural projects. In this light, it seems imperative to put in place a framework for operational production. In order to do this, public authorities have set up a judicial and an institutional framework, marked by the elaboration of a mining code and the creation of organisms to accompany the different stages of mining production. It is equally a question of elaborating a secured fiscal regime, in view of assuring that the State derives substantial revenue, for which the diversity and volume of mineral resources augurs well. Nevertheless, it is necessary to raise a certain number of lacunas in the measures elaborated – on which it is convenient to lean -, in order to avoid falling in the vicissitudes of mineral production, which is the source of poverty observed in African countries known to be rich in mineral resources that are being exploited.
Keywords: Leurre, Heur, Production, Miniere, Cameroun.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE APPLICATION OF PUBLIC SERVICE RULES TO FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PARASTATALS IN NIGERIA
SULAIMAN, SHEHU
Department of Public Administration, School of Business Studies, Federal Polytechnic Pmb 0231, Bauchi, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The question of whether or not the provisions of Public Service Rules (2009) are applicable to Federal Government Parastatals since they (the Parastatals) are ‘autonomous’, established by different Laws/Acts and with different method of operation, keeps springing every now and then. Since the Parastatals are ‘independent’ why should they be subjected to the provisions of an ‘alien’ Rule? Some asked. This Paper is, therefore, aimed at bringing out the nexus between the Federal Government Parastatals (which term includes but not limited to Corporations, Commissions, Fund, and Agencies) on one hand and the Public Service Rules on another and, how the later influence the former in so many different ways.
Keyword: Analysis, Public, Service, Rules, Parastatals, Government, Nigeria.
CITIZENS’ PARTICIPATION IN ELECTIONS USING E-VOTING SYSTEM: VIABILITY OF SOCIAL TRUST
SABO AHMAD, PHD* & SIRAJO ADO JAHUN
Public Administration Department, School of Management Studies, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, P.M.B. 2314 Bauchi, Bauchi State Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Beyond the rhetoric of accuracy, confidentiality, secrecy, security, time saving, infallibility characteristics of e-voting system, conduct and interpersonal relations of public officials are critical determinants of citizens’ participation in democratic processes using electronic system. This is because, the central idea of deploying the technology is to augment trust in the electoral institutions, which the personnel as integral part, are employed to utilize scarce resources to maximize citizens’ satisfactions. In essence, canvassing social trust is an essential requisite to enhance election participation using e-voting system. In the quest for enhanced political participation, social trust is an essential requisite for building citizens confidence in the electoral institution and in the processes. Thus, this study is aimed at amplifying viability of social trust in the equation of election participation and consequent acceptance of e-voting system. The significance of which underlies social trust as requisite for citizens’ acceptance of e-voting system and election participation.
Keywords: Social Trust, e-Voting System, Election, Participation, Nigeria