THEME:
SETTING MOMENTUM FOR SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: RESEARCHES AND INNOVATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
DATE:
JULY 09, 2015
VENUE:
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA FACULTY OF EDUCATION LECTURE THEATRE HALL, ABU-ZARIA, KADUNA STATE.
EFFECTS OF CIVIL UNREST ON THE SOCIETY: A CASE STUDY OF JOS NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, PLATEAU STATE
SULEIMAN, MOHAMMED SA’EED
Department Of Sociology, Federal University, Gashua, Yobe State
ABSTRACT
The citizens of Nigeria have experienced different kinds of civil unrest which threaten the cooperate existence of the country. Civil unrest affects all citizens either directly or indirectly in their way of thinking, feeling and affiliation to one another. Civil-unrest in Jos North Local Government affects the societal development socially and economically, lives and property, valuable time, investment opportunities are loss. It has also led to hunger, malnourishment, hatred and fear among the citizens of Jos North. It can be observed that no society is completely free from civil unrest; however, it can be reduced to the lowest level. In a condition where tensions, nepotism, aggressions, stereotypes, negative attitudes, hatred, suspicion and frustrations, among others are integral part of any community where men have to live and work together. Consequently, civil unrest may not be an inseparable part of people’s life; for this reason, it is important to develop skills to manage civil unrest in Nigeria. However, as a means of managing civil unrest in Nigeria, the government, non-governmental organizations, faith – based organizations and traditional institutions alike have always tried to put in place civil unrest control mechanisms to address and manage civil unrest whenever necessary. This research sought to identify the factors leading to persistent civil-unrest in Jos North, the consequences on the life of the people and preventive measures taken by the government to prevent its future occurrence. Non probability sampling technique under which quota sampling was used to select the sample size of one hundred and twenty respondents since the target population are not fixed in one place. The study utilized both quantitative and qualitative data. The frequencies of the quantitative data collected were collated using percentage distribution to analyze the data. This research work found that there has been persistent civil unrest in Jos North Local Government in the recent time; people are still residing at internally displaced people camps as a result of persistent civil unrest. The study also found that there are many factors propelling civil unrest in Jos North such as the nature of socio-economic activities and political competition are factors for the perpetration of the civil unrest. The study equally shows that ethno-religious difference is of high degree and agent that accelerate or ignite the rate at which the civil unrest erupts in the area of study. The finding of this study clearly depicts that Jos North citizens are racially and religiously segregated due to indigenes/settlers issues and some areas are referred to as no go area to anyone or group who do not belongs to the particular area resulting in creating suspicion and unnecessary tension among the citizens of the area. The study also discovered that the effect of civil unrest has led to loss of human lives and destruction of assets and property, valuable time and investment opportunities. The study also found that, the citizens of the local government area are not satisfied with the preventive measures taken by the government to prevent future occurrence of civil unrest because the mechanism of law enforcement is certainly weak, security agents are weak in terms of workforce and training. The study concluded by recommending that the government should focus on the implementations of the critical national economic, political, socio-cultural, and educational and health services for the development of the citizens. The government should be just in the provision of social amenities to avoid unnecessary rivalry among citizens. The traditions of impunity that encourages civil-unrest need to be discouraged through committed enforcement of laws prohibiting civil-unrest by the government. Government should checkmate the trade of illegal arms, its possession and uses. The constitution of Nigeria needs to clearly address the issues of indigenes/settlers saga. The government should re-settle the citizens residing at the various internally displaced persons camps and discourage the segregation of the citizens along ethno-religious basis.
SERVICE QUALITY DIMENSIONS AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY: AN EXPLORATORY APPROACH
1ACHAMA GODWIN IKECHUKWU, 2OBIAH MMADUBUIKE EMMANUEL, 3ANUKAM ISAAC AMOBI & 4NWANERI CHIOMA J.
1Department of Business Administration and Management, 2Department of Accountancy, 3Department of Marketing, 4Department of Business Administration and Management, Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo-Ohaji
ABSTRACT
Service quality is considered substantial when it comes to defining organizational success. The winning strategy is to deliver best service quality to customers. Owerri the capital of Imo State has been discovered as one major hospitality city in Nigeria. The number of hotels and relaxation centres in Owerri and the new ones coming up are numerous. The industry is now a booming business area that has become attractive to other people. The main purpose of this paper therefore, is to determine the service quality dimensions and its influence on customer’s satisfaction and retention. Excellent quality service not only results in a profit strategy but also it is energizing for employees to perform to their potential to meet challenges. By providing quality service, hospitality industry especially the hotels can sustain customers’ confidence and gain competitive advantage over their competitors. In this paper, descriptive method was used with emphases in exploratory approach. Simple random sampling was used for data collection while multiple regression statistical tools was used for data analysis. The results indicate that service quality variables including tangibility and reliability influences customer satisfaction, retention and loyalty of customers. The study recommended among others that understanding of the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction, retention and loyalty should lead to improved efficiency of the service process by improving both the customer satisfaction and the service quality
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS ON CHILD LANGUAGE: THE NIGERIAN SITUATION
TAKIM AJOM OKONGOR,
Faculty of General Studies, Federal University, Dutse Jigawa State
ABSTRACT
Nigeria is one of the countries in the world with a high rate of illiteracy and poverty. These factors are detrimental to a child language development. The upper class, middle class and working class all prefer speaking English to their children as a first language than their indigenous languages. Studies reveal that for a child to acquire language, environmental influence and innate capacity must come to bear. A child mimics or imitates the language behaviour exhibited by his parents. In modern societies, a variety of media of communication are playing an ever increasing role in the development of a child language. However, a child’s access to these depends largely on his parental socio – economic status. This work is an attempt to investigate how a family’s socio- economic status affects a child language development. It also seeks to examine some assumptions on the influence of parental socio – economic background on the acquisition of English as LI or L2 [First Language or Second Language] by some Nigerian children in cities. The paper attempts to expose the extent to which wrong modelling inhibits proper development of English Language in the Nigerian child and also proffer suggestions.
ANTI-CORRUPTION ENFORCEMENT AND PUNISHMENT IN NIGERIA: THEORY AND EVIDENCE.
IDOKO AKOR (PhD)
Department of Political Science, University of Jos, Jos.
ABSTRACT
On May 29, 1999 at the birth of Nigeria’s 4th Republic, the then Nigeria Government promised to eradicate corruption from all facets of the Nigerian Society before 2007. Sixteen years later on May 29, 2015, the Government acknowledged the pervasiveness of corruption. Alternative theories put forward to explain the phenomenon of pervasive corruption in Nigeria has focused on weak anti-corruption enforcement that encourage impunity. This is because the enforcement environment which emphasize punishment through legal convictions seldom work due to political and other constraints. It is shown here that theory and evidence from Nigeria suggest that in addition to anti-corruption enforcement, a new strategy that shift attention to corruption prevention measures would be more promising.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF CRUDE OIL THEFT IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES
O. ENAKIRERU & IRENE, AIREN AIGBE (MRS.)
Delta State Polytechnic, Otefe- Oghara, Delta State –Nigeria & Department of Business Law, Faculty of Law, University of Benin, Benin State – Nigeria
ABSTRACT:
The issue of environmental degradation as a result of crude oil theft is fast becoming an intractable problem in Nigeria, the international energy agency reported that Nigeria was losing about $7 billion annually to oil theft; crude oil theft has led to pipeline damages causing oil firms to cut output and environmental degradation through oil spillage. The Federal Government has enacted plethora of laws and regulations in combating the menace of crude oil theft. This paper criticises the efficacy of the Nigeria laws and regulations, the challenges of crude oil theft, the endemic consequences of oil spillage in the Niger Delta environment, the economic effect of crude oil theft and the lack of sincerity of purposes of the Nigeria government in tackling crude oil theft. This paper recommends appropriate measures such as adequate enforcement of the existing laws and further concludes that crude oil theft is an act of terrorism against the Nigerian economy.
HAZARDOUS ENVIRONEMNT AND POPULATION HEALTH CONSERVATION: THE NEED FOR SAFETY AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT
ACHAMA GODWIN IKECHUKWU
Department of Business Administration and Management, Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo
ABSTRACT
Environmental hazards are numerous and constitute a threat to human health. And since healthy living is only possible were resources are available to meet human needs, it is only but necessary that the living and working environment is protected from life threatening and health- threatening pollutants, pathogens, and physical hazards. This paper discussed the hazardous environment and population health conservation requirements needed for safety and quality management for sustainable development. Its focus was specifically geared towards determining respectively the traditional and modern hazards associated with lack of development, conservation of human health and un-sustainability of the environment and life’s supporting systems therein. Review of pertinent literature was done, and the paper revealed that health challenges calls for concerted efforts to ensure safety and quality management policies necessary to reduce the risks of hazardous environment. The study recommended among others, that government should enforce daily hygienic operations and monitoring through existing agencies for laboratory analysis and quality control which should be regulated by law to ensure standard for environmental quality and safety.
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES IN NIGERIA: IMPACTS AND IMPLICATIONS
SHEHU EL-RASHEED
Department Of Economics and Development Studies Federal University, Kashere.Gombe State
ABSTRACT
The rising poverty incidence and its implication on achieving the goal of sustainable economic development has been a major issue of discourse among economists and policy makers. In Nigeria despite recording an impressive growth(averaging around 6.5 percent) over the past decade, the growth could not be translated into a sustainable welfare and wellbeing of the majority citizens of the nation. The menace of poverty has become so worrisome to the Government having identified poverty with most of the developmental challenges such as insecurity, crimes and other social vices that retard economic progress. Various Governments over the years came up with poverty alleviation programmes to reduce the menace. This paper reviews theses programmes and policies adopted by different administrations and evaluate their successes or failures. Most of the programmes/Policies failed to achieve their desired objective due to lack of commitment on the part of the government, corruption and bureaucratic bottlenecks. Suggestive measures are that Government should refocus their policies on poverty alleviations to directly address poverty at the rural areas by creating job opportunities.
PROMOTING TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA THROUGH THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT
IDOKO AKOR
Department of Political Science, University of Jos, Jos.
ABSTRACT
Transparency and accountability are the irreducible minimum of any democratic society in the world. Many democratic countries have now enacted national law that specifically guarantees the rights of citizens to access public information. Since independence on 1st October, 1960, Nigeria has been facing intractable problems of transparency and accountability in governance. As obtainable in all countries of the world, public officers in authority are trustees holding the power of their offices, the resources of the state, the perquisites of their offices and status in trust for the entire citizens and are therefore required to be open, transparent and accountable for their stewardship. In Nigeria, most activities of public institutions have been shrouded in secrecy. Where actions of public officers are hidden from the citizens, the citizens cannot know what is happening in the governance of their country. Information is an essential ingredient of transparency and accountability in governance and can be used by the citizen to scrutinize public institutions. This paper examines the Freedom of Information Act 2011and concludes that if enforced, transparency and accountability in governance can be enhanced through the Act in Nigeria. In other words, access to information as guaranteed by the Act is one sure and best way to revolutionize and control public institutions so as to promote transparency and accountability in governance in Nigeria.
SETTING MOMENTUM FOR SUB-SAHARA AFRICA SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY
NWAOMONOH NKEM
department of Business Administration, College of Management and Social Science, Salem University, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
This subject, setting momentum for sub-Sahara Africa sustainable development tries to highlight the effort being put in place by Sub-Sahara Africa leaders to bring about the necessary development change by enhancing both political and economic policies through research and innovation which encourage growth. Sub-Sahara Africa can be said the continent of Black People who have common heritage and challenges. She is richly endowed with abundant human and natural resources. The Region is blessed with a variety of mineral deposits including petroleum, natural gas, uranium, tin, columbines, coal, precious metal, gemstone, copper, aluminum, gold and a vast Agricultural farmlands. However, despite all these endowment the region is plagued by underdevelopment riddled with poverty. Sub-Sahara Africa development in the last decade is something of cheerful news, though varied. This paper through information researched from the World Bank and IMF try to analyze this developmental polices and its attendant effect and also suggest ways forward. The work adopted empirical method of data analysis sourced from IMF/World Bank. . Using the historical context to stratify the growth into three distinct phases, each relating to a dominant development policy regime and strategy by sub-Sahara Africa leaders in an effort to increase industrial and human capacity and liberate her people from the stronghold of poverty through research and innovation. The result in the first phase revealed that characterized with pervasive failures where market fundamentalism reigned supreme with recourse to no noticeable development change. While the second era witnessed increase in democratic governments in Sub-Sahara Africa and less regional conflict. And the last phase witnessed sustainable development with increased growth rate in non-oil export. This work among others recommend that Sub-Sahara African government should therefore do more to develop human capacity and address all other development challenges as represented by inadequate infrastructure, high rates of poverty and income inequality, building institutions to sustain change so far achieved and enhancing governance to promote integrity, foster behavioural incentives and reduce policy uncertainty that could help to spur a private sector-led economy.
PARTICIPATORY COMMUNICATION AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (CSDP) IN TARABA STATE 2009-2012
SARAH GAMBO & TARGEMA TORDUE SIMON
Department of Mass Communication, Taraba State University, Jalingo
ABSTRACT
This study seeks to explore how participation, interest and involvement of community members/beneficiaries in the planning and execution of poverty alleviation programmes will accelerate the process, using the Community and Social Development Project (CSDP) as a case study. Anchored on the principles of participatory communication theory, the study critiques the assumptions of the dominant paradigm of modernization, calling for an alternative paradigm of participation that recognizes local initiatives and contribution to the process of poverty alleviation. Evaluative design approach has been adopted, with key informants interview (KII) conducted on a sample of 33 respondents (three information officers of the CSDP and thirty members of CSDP host communities in Taraba State) to elicit data for analysis. More so, documented assessment of micro projects by the agency from 2009-2012 have been reviewed. The research discovers that community members were actively involved and participated in the planning and execution of the CSDP micro projects in their communities, and that the projects executed have been impacting positively in the lives of community members. To this end, the research conclude that participation, interest and involvement of beneficiaries at the planning and execution stages of poverty alleviation project is central to their success, thus recommending the approach to subsequent poverty alleviation programmes for more results that would enable us achieve the goal of poverty alleviation in the country.
THE IMPACT OF MONEY MARKET OPERATIONS ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF NIGERIA (1981 – 2013)
IBRAHIM SUBLIM JOHN1, SHAHEED BASHIR1 & OGUNDE OLUKEMI OLUYEMISI2
1Department Of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State & 2Department of Banking and Finance, Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, Bauchi State – Nigeria
ABSTRACT
The study examined the impact of money market operation on the economic growth of Nigeria. In the model specified Gross Domestic Product is used as the constant (Dependent variable) while money market interest rate, ratio of loan to deposit, commercial bank deposit, credit to private sector are the independent variable. Data was collected from the CBN statistical Bulletin for the period between 1981 – 2013. The statistical techniques used for the analysis is the ordinary least square techniques with the aid of SPSS 16.0 software package. The research indicated that money market interest rate and ratio of loan to deposit in Nigeria within the period under study have a negative relationship with the GDP. While commercial bank deposit has a positive relationship with the GDP but does not have significant effect on the economic growth and credit to private sector also has a positive relationship with the GDP. To help increase the performance of the variables, government should increase money market interest rate MMI so that it can induce investment in the money market instruments. The Ratio of Loans to Deposit RLD should also be increased to help boost economic growth.
POVERTY REDUCTION EFFORTS IN NIGERIA: A PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.
EMMANUEL J. GWAMBEKA & BALA L. DUNKARAH
Department of Sociology, Federal University Kashere, Gombe State
ABSTRACT:
For a long time now, poverty has been a major problem that disturbs and undermines development in contemporary African societies leading to millions of people dying from preventable diseases. Poverty seems to defy all solutions in Nigeria and it is a major problem that has infected our economy with about 50 million of the population living below the poverty line at the turn of this millennium. This situation is not surprising considering the country’s abundant wealth in natural and human resources. Despite this attempt to alleviate poverty, the scourge seems hard to break as a result of disparities to peoples income, gender imbalance as far as access to economic resource is concerned, disparities in access to health and education, macro-economic mismanagement on the part of successive government, corruption neglect of Agriculture etc. the paper recommend among others that direct pro-poor policies, such as improved basic education, access to credit and proper co-ordination and monitoring of poverty alleviation programs should be encouraged within ministries, Departments and agencies (MDAS) so as to reduce the high level of poverty in Nigeria.
ISSUES OF POLITICAL AND MORAL EDUCATION TOWARDS ACHIEVING POLITICAL AND SUSTAINABLE DEMOCRACY IN AFRICA; A STUDY OF NIGERIA
*Ven egesi Jonathan Chidomerem, Alaneme Justina .C., **Dr. (Mrs) Ijeoma Nwebo. & **Mrs. Keinde taiwo olubunmi
*IMO STATE POLYTECHNIC UMUAGWO- OHAJI
OWERRI, **TAI SOLARIN UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, IJEBU-ODE.
Abstract
May it be mentioned that provable evidence tells us that a positive association between people’s income and growth rates on one hand, political stability and educational attainment on this research paper develops a simple finite horizon overlapping growth model, which is the absence of institutions for pre-commitment has a political equilibrium with inefficiency low growths, low educational attainment, and high returns to schooling. Of paramount importance is the fact that the ability to achieve higher efficient growth hinges on either the government’s ability to set policies that cannot be undone by subsequent government, or on an alternative “trigger strategy” equilibrium in which each government believes it will be punished by the next if it denotes from the optional policy. It will be difficult to discuss issues relating to political stability in Isolation of moral education. The need to emphasis on moral education as a gate way to political stability is important. On the other hand, the theory of moral educational culture is a study focusing on the change of modern moral education from the view of cultural thinking mode. The value orientations of moral educational culture research are combing moral education and the constructing of Chinese socialism advanced culture. The work is sub-divided into different parts: the first will look at the essence, structure, and character of moral education culture. Here the moral education culture means an interpretation of moral education from the view of culture. Secondly, on the level of the world view, regarding moral education as a kind of spirit and culture phenomenon and existence. This have the nature of culture, unique spirit culture value and power. Thirdly, culture have the methodological value for moral education using culture methods as methodology. The method of culture, moral education is for subject interaction, featuring communication, understanding and dialogue. The process of moral education, which means the spread and reproduction of spirit; is a process of cultural meaning and value realization. The researcher adopted, the random sampling method, interview method and the use of questionnaire method. The paper concluded by suggesting ways political and moral education can be enhanced in order to achieve political and sustainable development in Nigeria.
HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH, A SOURCE FOR INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARA AFRICAN
*Akerele, Stephen Segun & **HAMZA A.M.
Department of Physical and Health Education, Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U) Zaria **Department of Physical and Health Education, FCT College Of Education, Zuba – Abuja
Abstract
Development of a nations capacity building initiatives towards a consolidated health education research processes is largely dependent on the level of collaboration by all concerned stakeholders in the Sub-Sahara African. Research and innovation has therefore been described as the bedrock towards effective health promotion strategy. This paper critically examined health education, a source for innovation and sustainable development in sub-Sahara African countries. The paper further discussed the role of health education research in National development, the need for research in health education and application of competent health education personnels in the 21st century. The paper finally concluded that recognizing the relevance of health education research and innovation in the 21st century, all relevance stakeholders in health sector needs a collaborative efforts in promoting good health practices among African citizens. In the final analysis, the paper recommended that a proactive approach system needs to be consolidated in enhancing research and developmental processes. Also, substantial amount of human, financial and material resources should be channeled towards the promotion, and sustanance of health promotion programmes.
PARTICIPATORY COMMUNICATION AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (CSDP) IN TARABA STATE 2009-
Sarah Gambo & Targema Tordue Simon
Department of Mass Communication, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study seeks to explore how participation, interest and involvement of community members/beneficiaries in the planning and execution of poverty alleviation programmes will accelerate the process, using the Community and Social Development Project (CSDP) as a case study. Anchored on the principles of participatory communication theory, the study critiques the assumptions of the dominant paradigm of modernization, calling for an alternative paradigm of participation that recognizes local initiatives and contribution to the process of poverty alleviation. Evaluative design approach has been adopted, with key informants interview (KII) conducted on a sample of 33 respondents (three information officers of the CSDP and thirty members of CSDP host communities in Taraba State) to elicit data for analysis. More so, documented assessment of micro projects by the agency from 2009-2012 have been reviewed. The research discovers that community members were actively involved and participated in the planning and execution of the CSDP micro projects in their communities, and that the projects executed have been impacting positively in the lives of community members. To this end, the research conclude that participation, interest and involvement of beneficiaries at the planning and execution stages of poverty alleviation project is central to their success, thus recommending the approach to subsequent poverty alleviation programmes for more results that would enable us achieve the goal of poverty alleviation in the country.